Yes it can. But it will work as a 68000; AFAIR the Mac OS didn't support the extra features of the 68010.
Some early upgrades (Brainstom?) would use a Kelly Clip & socket to replace the CPU. I kow a couple of guys who pulled the 68000 chip and installed a socket for a 16mhz 68000 upgrade. You will need a new xtal.
Over the years Motorola and othere made the 68000 family in different form factors so check the specs.
http://www.cpu-world.com/CPUs/68010/
But why stop at a 68010? How about a 68030?
http://www.micromac.com/products/performer.html
They seem to be still selling them for the Mac Plus! Are they really still selling them? The site is up but last update is 1998. Can someone give them a call?
Thanks!