Sorry for any confusion. I have also tried to boot the floppy disks without the Zip drive connected. So I took that out of the equation. The Zip disk has been formatted into 4 (32MB) ProDos partitions, but is currently blank. The goal is to eventually install GS/OS on there.
Therefore there is either a problem with the disk images I'm using, or the way they are being written. I found the archive of older Apple downloads, so I'm going to download those files (they are in sea.bin format), and see if I have better luck from those.
I'll report back tonight with an update. If all else fails I did get the GS to boot via ADT, but at the time I didn't have enough RAM for GS/OS, thus it failed to install.