Standard things to do:

1) Clean the drive heads. Dust is only one of several things that can cause trouble. For example, if there's slime on the heads, that would prevent normal operation.

2) Clean the drive mechanism. Over time, the lubricant can get gummy. If the mechanism is balky, it can interfere with the heads loading onto the disk surface. Also, the heads themselves might have difficulty moving, to say nothing of the disk spinning at the proper speed.

3) Check the electrical connections. Connectors can be loose, connections can oxidize, etc.