The speaker cable isn't superglued in, it just clicks in with a tight fit (male connector). I've done the same as you - but in my instance just the red and white cables came out.

What you've done is yanked the entire male + female connector out, leaving the bare motherboard connector pins more visible. I'd just push the entire thing back down and it should be OK, assuming no pins etc were damaged. You might want to keep pulling it out, then take the male + female connectors apart just to make sure the pins on the red and black cables aren't crushed. Not worth using hot glue etc. as it should be a snug enough fit. If really desperate, a small piece of high-density foam might work to place pressure on the connector.

JB