Here's another weird thing - initially, I had 24MB RAM in this - and every operating system I had loaded on it would only see 8MB.
24, you said? In my experience, there's
no way to have that precise amount of RAM in the SE/30 -- it's either 20 or 32, the nearest available one. I assume you used a 16+8 configuration: four 4M SIMMs plus four
2M SIMMs. But the latter SIMM size is
not supported by the SE/30's memory controller. At least, mine doesn't -- Death Chime

Those very same 2M SIMMs work great in the
IIsi and
Colour Classic. On the other hand, the
IIx does boot with them, but only sees
half the size -- four 2M SIMMs appear as 4M total memory 8-o What surprises me is that your SE/30 could even boot!
BUT, after swapping the SE/30 ROM back in last night, I can still see 32MB...in any operating system, WITHOUT Mode32 installed. I am talking like booting off a generic 6.0.5 floppy that I made for my Plus years ago, the 32MB still shows up correctly.
With a
dirty ROM and
without Mode32, the total amount of RAM will show up correctly under
Built-in Memory; but apparently the System will "waste" most of it, leaving the
Largest Unused Block as large as if you had no more than 8M of RAM -- the 24-bit usual addressing limit.
As for the suspect HDD, it might be that when formatted the disk is larger than 2Gb and System 7 doesn't play well with disk volumes over 2Gb, try partitioning say 1.5 and 0.5Gb and install on the larger partition and see if that works.
I second that.