Short answer:

Core Image: No.

Quartz Extreme: Not with PCI.

Long answer:

Core Image: No.(as far as I am aware)

Quartz Extreme.... perhaps. There is a hack to enable quartz extreme if the AGP version of the card supported it. but IDK if it still works with later Mac OS versions and whatnot so YMMV.

But you are likely going to have to flash a card for it unless I am mistaken.

You can have OpenGL and no QE or CI, btw.