Text content (OCR)
le2000
THE NATIONAL APPLE USERS GROUP
APRILISST VOL
You always come first with
our Winning Macintosh Team
here’s something very special
about the Computer City Win-
ning Team. Their collective talents
and experience of more than 200
man (and woman!) years in busi-
hess, accounting, engineering (civil
and mechanical), programming,
systems analysis, printing, teaching,
quantity surveying, drafting and
graphic design (to name but a few!),
have been brought together for one
reason only - to give you our cus-
tomer access to a vast pool of know-
ledge and expertise to help you get
the most cost effective and produc-
tive system to fulfill your needs at
the very best price.
For example, we have supplied
many Desktop Publishing Systems,
but none have been identical. The
combination of hardware and
software has been selected to meet
each customer's true requirements.
This part of our business is the key
to our success, as satisfied custom-
ers feel confident enough to recom-
mend Computer City.
The best way to take advantage of
our service is to speak to one of our
team. Call into one of our centres,
fill in the coupon, or just “phone.
Our team spirit is quite contageous!
Computer City
The Winning Macintosh Team
There’s something very special about them all!
Business Centre
78 Victoria Road
Widnes
Cheshire
Tel: 051-420 3333
University Centre
5 Allsop Arcade
Brownlow Hill
Liverpool
Tel: 051-709 5959
FOR ALL APPLE USERS VOLUME 2 ISSUE 2 APRIL 1987
The Editorial Team 7
Editor Editorial
JimPanks Local Group News Tom Wright 3
Macintosh Editor Tom Wright 4
Nort Amold : Local eroup Contacts rem .
Assistant Editors ~~ | Big Mac's in Town im Panks
Grchen Atwood Omnis News 7 Blyth Software 10
Nn Krsoovion in The Pawn G &RWilday 12
Photography DMP Font Creator & Editor Long & Steward 14
DOV Daves The Gazelle Kim Hull 18
Advertisi
julie Poni Hot Line News Dave Ward 20
GS Clock Dave Ward 22
arth lig re Technically Speaking DougalHendry 24
Hotline Knights Tour Dave Ward 27
pave Waid Franses Pious New Printshop & Companion Harry Gardiner 28
lon ~ Frida’ Mu!
a y Apple2000 Developers Group Paul Russell 30
Tony Game - (fists) 2"si310ie Shades K.Kishimoto 31
SE DOS Catalog Reader Dave Ward 32
2000™ f BASUG
UeeSnonprontmoknghcependent | IGS Software Library Graham Attwood 33
company limited by guarantee. =
Thacontentsx of this joumal are Product News Jim Panks 34
ight of te th
pauls Ulloa rere ented Disc Zaps (Part 6) EwenWannop 36
TanobG Ihe conoid merce ars Apple Show 87 - Report lvanKnezovich 38
shal Peleesnpobeley the opnionsand Digital Electronics Simulator P.J.Wellspring 40
ventiodeeeadcoreinecosy | Which Computer & Other Events Jim Panks 40
supported by BASUG. eae
nage pune! Ispublshed bimonthly by Letters to the Editor 42
as I} mem In
rootiny: Aol eb Agua, Octobe MacChat Norah Arnold 43
cavornometneeccmantbicaion, | Fontographer Norah Arnold 46
never tates are available on News from Apple 51
me \ ;
to erate of Aap Comoe, Lets Rip open the Mac Cliff Wootton 55
Laberatory incond usec wh Jeb rere ITC Garamond Irene Flaxman 60
Betrodemank of iis felgcom PC me | NewMac Ubrary Disks 62
1d KS
ROU ee menodemals: | MacMemories lreneFlaxman 63
es | LaserSpeed lrene Flaxman 64
eee cies Excellerate Irene Flaxman 66
.O.B0X ’ ie
Herts AL2 2EG 101 Macros for Excel Michael 67
er GPE Fae) Network News 68
Ra ee)
Printers: MacServe & LaserServe ____ Irene Flaxman 70
Davies Publications Ltd. Ike from the West Coast of Worcestershire 72
B 0932-229533
Apple2000 - Aprii1987 1
EDITORIAL
Exciting Times Ahead!
The rumour factory has now
wound down and the new
products are out of the bag.
This issue contains the
announcements and we are
actively putting together more
detailed articles on the new
machines and peripherals.
Tne whole Apple scene is
changing and willbe an exciting
time for all those involved. The
major benefits will be to you the
USER
The lIGS scene is hotting up with
new software expected by the
time you read this.
On arecent visit to MGA at
Tenterden | was able to see at
first hand the amount of effort
being put into the acauisition of
software from the United States.
Along with Bidmuthin and
MacSerious, MGA have pulled
out all the stops in an attempt to
bring the latest software into the
U.K. Certain products are getting
through now and this trickle
will become a flood in the next
month or two.
Members who attended the
recent Apple Show 87 will have
seen and heard the good news
from Apple.
Things do seem to be looking
up for Apple now that they have
got the whole act together, this
means that your group will also
grow. Over the last six years the
group has mirrored the fortunes
of Apple.
Aswe head towards what
already promises to be a good
year, we are busy planning the
groups future.
Atthe A.G.M., with my
Chairman's hat on, | was able to
give those present a summary of
ourachievements during the last
year and also ourhopes forthe
next.
We have plans that will further
our aim of providing Apple Users
with Information and help,
whatever variety of Apple they
have.
These include:
0 Abi-monthly newsletter
entitled ‘Apple Slices which will
keep you informed in between
regular journals.
© Workshops to help you get
‘hands on' experience and
enable you to get more from
your machine.
© Courses at a resonable cost,
but with professional standards to
delve deep into those vital
applications.
O A'Developers Group to
ensure that the more technical
minded can exchange ideas
and techniques.
0} Support for local groups. We
will be building on last years
involvement and experiences.
The only thing we ask of the
membership is support,
encouragement, and
feedback.
Any ideas for enhancements
are always welcome, so drop us
line if you have any ideas.
Improvements |
The journal has improved over
the last year and will continue as
we leam to master the new DIP
technologies. however we can
only change the style, type and
cover. We rely on you the
membership to keep it alive.
Many members have
contributed and they are still
around to tell the tale, we are
actively encouraging a more
lively journal and this is where
every member has a role to play.
We need your input and as
long as it has some connection
with the use of the Apple
machine it will be received and
used.
Many members use the
excuse that they are not very
good at writing articles to prevent
submission. As from this issue that
isnot a problem, we have a
group of members who will sub-
edit and knock your articles into
shape. What we needis the
substance from you the
membership.
The new system may mean
slight delays in articles appearing
in print but that Is one delay |am
willing to accept if it means the
journal will have new life.
COMMENT
VapourWare
ie
We use DIP to produce 90%
of our journal and as such we are
in a position to comment on the
suitability of software.
We have until recently been
recommending PageMaker 1.2
asthe ‘de facto’ standard for
serious use. Other products have
arrived that are equal or better
and cost less. We have been
told on many occasions that
version 2.0 will be released.
Because of this we have resisted
the urge to change. even under
considerable pressure from
othervendors.
We have been impressed
with the service offered by Aldus
inthe past but five months is a
long wait and is now testing our
patience
Come on ALDUS' pull your
finger out’ and let's have less of
the VAPOURWARE.
2
Apple2000 - February1987
This column brings me to a full
year of operating as Apple2000's
representative in trying to help
Apple users throughout the U.K
make contact with each other
and to start up or get organized.
During that year our list of known
Clubs/groups has grown from 12
to the current 26.
During the next twelve months
we intend to come along to more
local meetings in order to :
1. leam from you.
2. find out what you want from
Apple2000.
3. make and renew friendships.
Apple U.k's recent formation
of a User Group Council in
conjunction with their continuing
support is going to be a big help
to us all. Some local groups have
already benefitted from visits by
Mary Ainsworth, Andy Seymour
and others to their meetings, and
itls anticipated that this very
useful support from Apple U.K will
continue.
Right now down to business!
NORTHANTS GROUP
If you are in the area of
Potterspury, Northants and
interested in helping to start anew
group please contact Mr
Morgan. *, \Nicittty \iteiyy
(Bestest, (NAGATTNCNTE, (MINIT AAPA
APPLE Il PROGRAMMERS CLUB
Philip Dixon has found a venue at
the Apple Centre North East. in
Ponteland. Anybody inthe area
who Is currently missing out on this
opportunity please contact Philip
to find out more, all Apple users
are invited to join in.
MACTAFF
The last few meetings have gone
well with communications being
the topic forthe last meeting.
Lorraine Thomback is now
Events Secretary and she will be
happy for anybody to suggest
ideas for future meeting topics.
EAST OF SCOTLAND GROUP
Growth in this group is partly due
LOCAL GROUP NEWS
Gripping stuff from our roving Local Group
Evangelist Tom Wright
GLASGOW GROUP
This group is well under way now.
Proteus Microsystems provide
the venue and Communications
is the topic for the June 10th
meeting which will be held at 7.30
pm, venue is Proteus
Microsystems, 17, Park Circus
Place, Glasgow. All Apple users
are welcome.
HANTS & BERKS GROUP
About 25 members in the group
which has achieved some
recruitment during recent
months. Members include GS
owners so if you are thinking
about the GS you should be able
to get some advice. All Apple
users are welcome.
BAUD
The Bristol Apple Users &
Dabblers may be changing their
venue soon. Decimal Business
Machines have offered the use
of their premises. Meetings have
been on a largely informal basis
but a more structured format is
being considered. Contact Mike
for more information.
EAST MIDLANDS MAC GROUP
Members had an interesting
meeting which featured Cricket
Draw. They have tried to arrange
session on Mac
comms via Appletalk but didn't
find the process to be too
straightforward, Contact Nick for
more detalls of this interesting
group of Mac Users
FURNESS AREA
Very good News from Tom Iddon.
Alan Curtis organized a relaunch
of a group for this area on the 2nd
area. Why not pop along to one
of the meetings and see what
you're missing.
CAMBRIDGE APPLE USER GROUP
Meetings usually see a hardcore
of about 12 members present with
others dropping in occasionally.
The venue |s currently a little
flexible so be sure to phone lan
Archibald before going to a
meeting.
MIDAPPLE
The club's forward programme
includes desktop publishing on
April 10th, and Apple U.K talking
about new Apple products on
May 8th. All Apple users are sure
of awelcome at MidApple .
HERTS & BEDS GROUP
One of the best meetings that the
group has had lately was on the
subject of spreadsheets. Michael
irons, Colin Hunter and co., pulled
all the stops out and everyone
had a most enjoyable evening.
KENT APPLE GROUP
This group appears to be getting
off to. an energetic start. On only
the third meeting 35 people
tumed up to see the new Macil
and it sounds as if folks in that
area have a good facility to
hand. Give Richard Daniels a ring
to find out more.
LIVERPOOL GROUP
This group is currently seeking a
new venue, please contact Irene
Flaxman for details.
Time and column space have
Caught up with me again. If there
is anything that you want to see in
to the excellent support provided February and the response was the column, news of your group,
to them by Proteus/McQueen. enco ing. There has been help that you think we might be
The group Is looking forward to low actty in this area and this able to provide, or anything else,
aCAD/CAM evening at Napier initiative deserves support so please write to me care of the P.O
College in the spring. Great bunch | contact Alan formore details. Box
cregeringomeertgooer TEWAY COMPUTER CLU App
are getting excel lealer GATEWAY B
support, if you haven't looked One of their current activities is the Happy ves to youll
them up yet you really are compilation of a list of dealers, Tom Wright.
missing out. shops. and repair facilities in the
Apple2000 - February1987 3
->oOOor-
P34 90> 7200
co7®@
YOU CAN ADVERTISE YOUR |
GROUPS EXISTENCE
IN THE MAGAZINE. |
ALLWE REQUIRE IS THAT YOU |
SEND FULL DETAILS TO TOM
WRIGHT
JUST GIVE US THE INFORMATION
AND WE WILL DO THE REST
CONTACTTOM NOW TO FIND
OUT HOW WE CAN HELP YOUR
GROUP.
CONTACT fon gni
VENUE (orth Past, Ponteland.
MEETS
BENTWATERS APPLE USER GROUP
CONTACT — = Jon Thoxnas jsf
VENUE RAF. Woodbridge
MEETS 71.00pen frst Tuesday of each month
BRISTOL GROUP (BA.UD
CONTACT Mike Parmer Th +
‘VENUE “in! Macraty Howe (May change)
MEETS. + 7h day of each month, oF the Friday nearen.
CAMBRIDGE APPLE USERS GROUP
CONTACT — len Archibald is) BEBIbNUM
VENUE + Iuons Cycles, 72 Chesiton Rd, Cambridge
E - Porwighily
\OYDON APPLE USERS GROUP
= Oraharn Att 6
rood
515, Lisapefald Road, Wartingham, Surrey
7.30pen cn the third Thursday of every renth
EAST MIDLANDS MAC USER GROUP
CONTACT ‘Nick Helen ‘tiie aRtes
VENUE = Wilford Cricket & Rughy Club, Noaingharn
MEETS. + 9.00pen on the Lst & 3rd Wednesday each mona,
EDINBURGH GROUP
CONTACT — = Adam Gilmaky fis! #1) Heh
VENUE + Protcus Micro Systane, 55, Frederick Suet
MEETS = Monthly. Chock with Adacn,
ESSEX GROUP
CONTACT —-Pat ass Fe fab 3 ie
VENUE *The YM.CA., Victoria Road, Chelmsford
MEETS “Third Friday of every month
FURNESS AREA
CONTACT — ~ Alan Curtan jf fart
MEETS New activity check with Alan
GATEWAY COMPUTER CLUB
CONTACT —- Robert Hall fs) (A0710°7R2
VENUE « Blob Hope Recreation Centre, RAF Mildenhall
MEETS = Variable. check with Bob,
GLAscow GRour
CONTACT — = Donald Davidsom fist hh
VENUE + Protcus Micro Syatcuas, 17 Park Ccas Place.
MEETS = Quartesly , beck with Donald
HANTS & BERKS
CONTACT — = Mike Hellyfcld fa) (728: 78
VENUE “TVS ,128 High Suet, Maidenbead.
MEETS 7.00pe on the mond Monday of every month
HARROGATE AREA
CONTACT Peter Sutton {fa}. bsbarin?
[No active orgmised group in this area but there are a saunter of keen
‘Apple users in contact with each aber.
Appie2000 - Aprili9e7
pdated 15th March 1987 |
HERTS & BEDS GROUP
CONTACT Norah Amold fit US:5538300 HAR
VENUE ‘The Old Schoo, 1, Branch Road, Park Street
Village, St Albans, Herts.
MEETS. = 8.00pen om the fest Tuesday of each month
KENT GROUP
CONTACT — - Richard Daniels th
VENUE ‘AppleCentre 5-11 London Road, Maidstone,
MEETS. -7-40 pm. on last Monday of Men
‘ESTER GROUP
+ Bob Bown fis) aan
Pub, Braunstone Lane, Leicester
+ Shakompeare
7.30pm to 10.0pen on let Wedoesday of month
LIVERPOOL GROUP
CONTACT ene: Flaxeman (445907) 81
VENUE + Chee wit Irene
MEETS Second Monday of every rasa.
LONDON APPLE I GROUP
CONTACT —~ Chris Williaens 1H) 8
VENUE += St ides Instire
MEETS, + Check wah Ctris
LONDON MACINTOSH GROUP:
CONTACT —- Maureen de Saxe {ft /j)/ sitet
VENUE Room 683, London University Institute of
Education, Redford Way, London, WC
MEETS ‘6.00pm on the second Tueaday of every mon,
MACINTOSH USER GROUP
CONTACT —- Patrick Wintersom jj) sis iH 00
VEN Cambridge Area.
MEETS «= Every three month. Check with Patrick
MIDAPPLE
CONTACT ~ Ten Wrinhe Fits “S77 F118 GIR
VENUE LTBC, Tidasley Sueet, West Bromwich.
MEETS 7.00pen on the second Friday of every month
‘THE MIDLAND MAC GROUP
CONTACT —- Ivan Knezovich hil ia5taifsii i 8H
VENUE + Spring Grove House, Safari Park, Bewdley.
MEETS *7.00 xn ou tbe Gest Tuesday of every mani
‘THE NORTH WEST APPLE COMPUTER CLUB
CONTACT —-Jim Rosco “Hi fis abi
VENUE = Horse & Jockey Pub, Winwick Road, Warrington
MEETS + Fie Monday of every morah
THE NORTH WEST APPLE USERS GROUT
CONTACT —- Max Pasror fyi! i) sient steal
ne
VENUE
Manchester - Institute of Science de Technology,
P.O Bax 88, Sackvile Suet, Manchester
MEETS + 8.00pen on the last Thursday of each soon.
MACTAFP - S.WALES MAC GROUP
Thombuck
Lewrain’ ida an
AppleCensre ,47 Newpat Road Cif
=7.00pen om the Ist Thursday of each month.
POTTERSPURY AREA.(New Group Forming)
CONTACT —-E Morgan, 7 North Way, Poterapury, Norharta
One way of looking at One way of looking at
the Macintosh. the new Macintosh SE.
To stay ahead in business you need a
computer with plenty of performance.
The new Macintosh SE has more power and
up to twice the speed to meet the demands of
increasingly sophisticated business software.
And its more flexible so you can now
create computer systems tailored to your speci-
fic needs and share information with other
computers, regardless of their size or make.
However the only way to really assess the
performance of the new Macintosh SE is to
visit us for a test drive.
Because if you're not running a Macintosh,
you could get left behind.
Apple. The power to succeed. @..
APPLE, THE APPLE LOGO AND MACINTOSH ARE TRADEMARKS OF APPLE COMPUTER INC.
Big Mac's in
Town !
A preview of the latest machines from Apple
By Jim Panks
pple have survived the | cations framework is based on
first ten years in the building blocks which
uncertainworldofthe | incorporate a consistent set of
computer and platforms for the development
although they have had up's
and down's the future looks
good,
Apple(UK) decided to throw
a birthday party and at the
same time announce the next
phase of the company
strategy. The show started with
avideo presentation of the first
ten years, accompanied by a
stirring musical background, a
montage of excerpts from
various Apple advertising
campaigns and a number of
stills of the people and
machines that have made
Apple what they are today.
The whole event was
staged simultaneously around
the world and, in the usual
Apple way, we were given a
strong message of the way in
which Apple is moving.
The Managing Director of
Apple (UK), David Hancock,
addressed the audience of
Press and User Group officers.
He said, “Apple's communi- .
aes SA KAMTMNINION J
Macintosh SE with internal 20 Megabyte Hard
Disk and single 800k Floppy Drive.
of further products, Such a
strategy will enable Apple to
apply its business solutions in a
widening range of computing
environments’.
MrHancock then allowed his
colleagues to take the platform
for what was to be a formidable
array of new product
announcements.
Macintosh SE
'Son of Mac'
The first new product
announcement was that of the
new Macintosh SE (System
Expansion). This looks likely to
become the bottom of the
range, although at present
Apple say they will keep the
Macintosh Plus and drop the
Mac 512/800.
The SE is the
same size asthe
MacPlus but has a
new styling and
colour. The
platinum colour |s
the same asthe
GS andthe styling
resembles the GS -
with grooves on
the front. The
grooves hide
some of the brand
new features. All
SE machines are
now fitted with two
drives, either two
4
800k floppies or one 800k anda
20 Meg intemal hard drive. A
fan is now standard.
The back of the machine
also has some new features,
such as Giittle flap that hides a
96 pin expansion slot, two
keyboard connectors and the
usual interfaces. The first card
to be available will be the
Apple PC Drive card allowing
the Macintosh SE to read data
disks from IBM PC's or clones.
The expansion slot will be
the saviour forthe Mac as we
know it. Plans are already in
| hand by third party developers
to have acard cage outside
the machine which will allow a
selection of cards to be
accessed by the Mac. These
could be speed-up cards,
video cards or even other
processors. The Mac will live
on, fuelled by the same third
party involvement that made
the Apple Il such a success.
Tne Macintosh SE is in fact a
totally different machine with
the only old MacPlus
components being the screen
and disk drive. The logic board
is redesigned with many of the
old circuits and chips being put
in anew Apple Very Large
Scale Integration chip. The
board is now of six layer
construction instead of four and
this is how the space has been
made forthe slot.
Other new features on the SE
are the use of the Apple *
DeskTop Bus, similar to the GS,
and allowing for a wider range
of easily interfaced input
devices. The Mouse is now
linked to the keyboard and can
be on either side. which makes
it much easier for the left
handed user.
The keyboard Is a GS look
alike with 81 keys and includes a
numeric keypad with cursor
keys. An option will be the new
105 key extended keyboard
which should be available in
July.
The ROM's in the SE have
been upgraded to 256k. |
suspect that Apple have made
some use of the extra space
and probably fixed any bugs
found in the old ROM routines.
Although the machine
contains the same Motorola
68000 chip found in the MacPlus
and the processor speedis the
Apple2000 - April 1987
same, by good connections to
the bus and the Inclusion of the
VLSI chip the speed has been
increased by some 20% over
the MacPlus.
The machine looked and
worked as you would expect of
aMacintosh The speed
increase was not really
apparent on my trial, but!
suspect that given a few days
with it we could make some
comparisons.
The news of this middle
range machine was welcomed
and the only blot | could find
concemed upgrading a
MacPlus. Because of the
complete reworking of
everything except the screen.
an upgrade will not be offered.
Ihave a sneaking suspicion
that the MacPlus has been
placed in Death Row and that it
will not be long before It is
placed in a wooden box.
Nevertheless, ‘Son of Mac’ is
really anice machine andit isa
positive step Into the corporate
market.
fase c area ear Poa
Macintosh II
"Big Mac'!
The real surprise was the
announcement of Big Mac.
The Macintosh II arrived with no
smoke (a"la original Mac), just
a slide on the screen anda
very impressive demo of the
real thing, but running in colour!
The Macintosh Il is a three-
Disk Options
a) One 800k Drive.
b) One 800k Drive and either
20,40 or 80 Megabyte Internal
Hard Disk.
Screen Options
a) 12" Monochrome display
with 640°480 pixels resolution
displaying 16 shades of grey.
b) 13" RGB Colour display with
640°480 pixel resoloution
displaying 16 colours.
¢) Optional Expansion Card
allowing 8 bits per pixel and up
to 256 colours or shades of
grey. The colour look-up table
contains 16.8 million colours
from which to choose the 256
colours.
Keyboard Options
a) 81 key Eastwood’
detachable keyboard with 10
key numeric keypad.
b) 105 key ‘Saratoga’ keyboard
which includes 15 function keys,
10 sey keypad and T cursor
pad.
Prices
The expected prices are:
Macintosh II with 1 Megabyte.
one 800k Drive and
Monochrome Monitor:
£4500
intemal hard drive and
monochrome monitor:
£5500.
No prices for colour have
been announced yet.
As you can see, this
machine |s a real giant-killer
andis designed to hit the top
end business, education and
CAD/CAM market. No holds
barred, Apple mean to attack
the market and this is the
machine to do that.
The Macintosh Il runs at a
blinding pace. and like the SE,
will run almost all Macintosh
Software. We saw MORE, Mac
Project and other standard
software running five to six
times faster without any
Problems and with colour.
Many Mac software
packages have colour options
available and are just waiting
for the colour option to be
made available. The time has
now arrived and the new
machine will have plenty of
software right from the launch,
This does not mean that the
machine will not get new
software. |am sure that many
developers are licking their lips
and just can not wait to get their
hands on it. The restrictions on
RAM have been lifted and with
room to manoeuvre the
developers will have some
really powerful applications out
this year.
Some of the interesting facts
about Macintosh Il are that with
the maths co-processor
running It manages to exceed 2
box system containing a Million Instructions Per Second
Motorola 68020 processor Macintosh II with 1 Megabyte, (MIPS) and will perform
running at 15.7 MHz, a 68881 one 800k,40 megabyte mathematical operations 200
floating point chip and 1 times faster
Megabyte of RAM than with the
expandable to 8 Megabytes 68020 alone.
on board, It has 256k ROM and The Nubus
six NuBus slots which allow a slots allow 8,16
total of 2gigabytes of RAM. or 32 bit data
The Motorola 68851 Paged paths and are
Memory Management Unit will processor-
be offered as an option to allow Independent.
use of anew Apple UNIX The ability of
system to be introduced later in any cardon
the year. Nubus to
The hardware configuration perform at its
allows for options on disks, own speed
displays and keyboards. The without
Apple offerings are as follows: interference
‘The new Macintosh II with internal 40 Megabyte from the 68020
Hard Disk and external Apple tape back-up. means that
Apple2000 - April 1987 7
other processors, running
faster.can be added ater.
Apple have stated that the
slots will allow third party
developers to produce
hardware that will enhance the
machine.
This is areturn to the Apple Il
days when because of the
enhancement aspects the
Apple Il became sucha
success, more Apples ran
CP/M than any other make just
because the slots were
present. Hopefully, the
Macintosh II will follow in the
footsteps of the Apple Il.
Apple have been slowly
standardising peripheral
equipment, such as drives and
keyboards and this trend
continues with the Macintosh Il.
The new Macintosh II
The Apple Desktop Bus is again
used for keyboard and mouse
connection. AppleTalk is fully
supported and this will allow
Mac SE, Mac Il and lIGS's to talk
to each other and eventually to
the IBM PC. Three and a half
inch drives and the SCSI hard
disk are now standard .
Apple have started to offera
substantial number of storage
options and the range of
devices both Intemal and
external should satisfy most
users.
[ieee Se LS Dies |
Conclusions
After months of waiting we
are presented with the first pair
of new open Macintosh
machines. Apple has survived
the intemal arguments of where
to go next and thankfully the
right side have won.
By opening the Macintosh,
Apple will bring back the spirit of
enterprise which surrounded
the Apple ll.
Now wewllsee a
resurgence of third-party
developers working on
hardware and software
designed to compliment the
basic machine. | have already
seen advertising for third-party
colour monitors and more
peripherals can be expected
before the machines are much
older.
The Apple range of
machines now cover the whole
| spectrum, with the Apple lIGS at
| the bottom providing a useful
tool forthe small
office or
Macintosh SE
covers the
middie range
with the ability to
provide the
solutions for
mostmedium-
sizedtasks. If
you adda
network you
have the ability
toshare
applications,
data, and
printers.
We now have
the top of the range Macintosh
llwhich will enable many of the
mini-computer type
applications to be performed
atamuch reduced capital
cost.
The new machines would
appear to be fairly priced if you
look at the prices of competing
machines.
The future looks good for
Apple and for those using
Apple machines. Apple have
started to pull back the price
restrictions on owning powerful
state of the art machinery and!
am sure that we will see this
Price/power ratio tumble in the
next year.
lam sure the new machines
will bring the success Apple
deserve.
Welldone Apple! @
cm
Apple2000 - April 1987
Macintosh SE
Processor: Motorola 68000
32 bit internal architecture
7.8 MHz clock speed.
User (RAM): | megabyte
expandable to 4 megabyte on board.
System Firmware (ROM): 256 kilobytes
Disk Storage: 2 internal 3.5° 800k double-
sided drives or | internal 3.5" 800k
double-sided drive and 1 intemal 20
megabyte SCSI hard drive.
Monitor: * bit- mapped display screen
with $12x 342 pixels,
Keyboard: §| key Apple DeskTop Bus
keyboard with cursor keys & integral
numeric keypad or 105key extended
keyboard
Mouse: Appie DeskTop Bus compatible
With mechanical tracking optical shaft.
Interfaces: 2x mini-8 RS-232/RS-422
serial ports. DB-25 external SCSI parallel
port, External Disk Interface. 2xApple
DeskTop Bus connectors. Sound Port.
Internal 96 pin system expander (CPU
bus connector)
Sound Generator: 4 voice sound with 8-
bit digital-anolog conversion using
22Khz sample rate.
Size:(Main Unit) 13.5°(H):9.7°(W):10.9°(0)
Weight: 17 to 21 pounds depending on
configuration.
Macintosh II
Processor: Motorola 68020
Full 32 bit architecture
15.7Mnnz clock speed.
Coprocessor: Motorola 68881 floating
point, (IEEE standard).
User (RAM): | megabyte
expandable to 8 megabytes on board.
2 gigabytes using NuBus siots.
Memory Management (Optional);
Motorola 68851 Paged Memory
Management Unit (PMMU).
System Firmware (ROM): 254 kilobytes
Disk Storage: | of 2 internal 3.5° 800k disk
drives; 20, 40, 80 megabyte internal SCS
hard drive. (User definable options).
Monitor (Options): 12" anolog
monochrome monitor (640x480 pixels)
or 13° analog RGB display. Optional
Colour card for 256 colour palette.
Keyboard: As Macintosh SE
Mouse: As Macintosh Sé
Interfaces: 2x mini-8 RS-232/RS-422
serial ports. DB-25 external SCSI parallet
port, 2xApple DeskTop Bus connectors.
Stereo Sound Port. 6 x internal % pin
NuBus sots. internal SCSI connector.
2xinternal disk drive connectors.
Sound: Custom digital sound chip with 4
voice wave table synthesis and stereo
sampling generator.
Stze:(Main Unit) 5.5°(H):18.7°(W);14.4°(D)
Weight:24 to 26 pounds depending on
configuration.
Editors note.
This article has been written after only a
brief appraisal of thenewmachines.
Further in depth articles will appear as
‘soon as we have the machines to test.
Thanks to the staff at Apple(UK) for
answering the mirade of questions.
plus
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(Prices exclude VAT)
OMNIS NEWS
Contributed by the Blyth Software
Product Support Department.
ere once again are some
Omnis Users' queries and
comments.
Weare particularly
grateful to our users for sending us a
more or less continuous supply of
thought provoking material,
although of course many of the
questions we answer have cropped
up before in one form or another.
Our Product Support Depart-
ment here at Blyth is about to
expand, we are to be joined by
another two members. They will
help us continue to supply an
excellent support service to
registered users during their first
year of registration. This service is
included in the initial cost of
buying Omnis.
We are shortly to begin a
scheme whereby users may re-
register for support after their first
year, fora very reasonable fee.
‘This service will enable Omnis
users, we have no doubt, to use
their superb program well into the
21st Century, ata minimal cost.
M.Atkinson,
London, S.E.1.
We would like to be able to identify
between records which are almost
identical in content, and where the
differences which exist are in non-
indexed fields.
Can we get access to the
sequence number which |
understand each record has ?
ANSWER
Yes you can. Each file format has
its own sct of sequence numbers
Starting from number 1, and cach
recordis given a record
sequencing number when it is
inserted into the file.
‘The number is specific to that
record and is never re-assigned to
another record or re-used if the
record is deleted. Itis a reliable
way, therefore, of idemifying a
particular record.
Create a field in the file format
and specify it as type 'sequence'
within the file format. This will be
auto-matically indexed, but will not
be using one of the 12 index-able
fields allowed in file format.
This 'sequence'field can then be
used on your layoutas a fast and
efficient finding method
J Filby,
Morecambe
Lancs.
We use a system of re-ordering the
same stock item which
differentiates between colours and
sizes, As there is an overall limit on
the actual number we can order, we
would like to be able to doa
running total.
Is it possible to do this on the entry
layout?
ANSWER
Overlapping fields, ‘sliding’ one
field beneath another, is a way of
getting running totals onto your
entry screen.
Create a calculated field which
calculates the sum ofall the entry
fields, and give it the attribute
LOCAL.
‘This calculated field has to be
placed after each entry field in field
number order, so that the two are
side by side.
Change the length of the left
hand field unui it overlaps the field
on the right. Then move the right
hand field to the left until the first
characters of both fields are
Superimposed one onto the other.
When the current entry is
updated, the local calculated field
to the right of it will be re-
calculated, producing a running
total.
‘This will be the 'check' on your
proposed stock orders.
|
|
C.Plummer,
Welwyn Garden City,
Herts.
Tunderstand that the maximum
character length I can use for data is
79; when I try, I can only getin 60
characters.
What am I doing wrong?
ANSWER
Removing the button margin is the
answer . This will give you the full 79
character width,
When you select this command,
the field, rectangle and reorder
buttons disappear and the scroll
bar shifts to the right of your
screen.
The commands on the buttons
are available on the DESIGN and
AMEND LAYOUT menu from the
top bar. When entering data, you
will have to press RETURN to get
your data accepted, and SHIFT-
RETURN to cancel the operation as
the OK and CANCEL buttons will
also have been removed.
B.Edwards,
London, S.W.20.
My data on the products I sell is
listed according to-codes such as
the following :- CA001, CA002 ;
C€BO001, CBO02, ete.
What I would like to be able to
do is to print out reports with all the
records with the first two digits of
the same type on one page, the
next two digits of the same type on
the next page and so on. How do!
do this?
ANSWER
Give your product codes a normal
Field Name, say ECODE. Then
create a calculated field , say, #$1,
and give it the calculation :-
MID CECODE,1,2) .
This gives the value of the first two
digits of the record in the field
ECODE.
Insert the calculated field at the
head of the report layout.
Write a sort to use when print-
ing out the reports you want
ordered in this way.
Sort on #51, and click on the
box for next page.
Continued on page 11
10
Apple2000 - April 1987
Remember, the calculated field
has to be the first field in the layout
in order to be used in a sort
specification.
Any further re-ordering
required if, for example, codes
have been deleted and re-inserted
ata later date, can be achieved by
using a second sort on the field
ECODE in ascending order i.e. no
boxes are checked including the
descending box.
Arequest for help with a different
application nevertheless relies on
the same type of solution.
O.Barrett,
Barking, Essex.
I produce most of my financial
reports in date order, and would
like the subtotals, which are
working well, to also be produced
in date order.
ANSWER
We'll give the date field you want to
sort on the field name EDATE.
Again, take any numeric field ,
e.g. #51, from your database and
specify it as a calculated field. Give
it the calculation :-
:DTM (EDATE)
Sort on that numeric field with
the subtotals box checked.
Remember to put this field right at
the top of the report layout, over
the heading section.
Pat Harding,
Newcastle,
Staffs.
My staff will sometimes leave out
details from a record on our Omnis
3+ database.
If the information they are
drawing from to input data is
insufficient or unreadable, or they
suspect it is inaccurate, the relevant
field is just left empty.
I would like to be able to stop
them doing this. I have tried
messages on the screen , but it
doesn't always work.
ANSWER
You can build a check calculation
into the field attributes of any or all
of the fields on your entry screen.
For the field name LDOB, the
calculation will be :-
: LEN (LDOB) >0
This guarantees that the string
entered in that field will be greater
than 0, that is, something has to be
entered.
Ifthe user tries to go to the next
field in the entry layout without
inserting into the checked field, a
message comes up advising that the
calculation has not been met.
The record is not accepted until
an enuy has been made in all the
fields which have this check
calculation.
Omnis Experts out in the open!
‘The business uses of Omnis are vast
and if you have an Apple I or
Macintosh you can enjoy the power
even more.
As from June we will be holding
workshops and Blyth Software have
agreed in principal to provide
some Omnis Advice.
Along with other experts we are
planning a clinic type of approach
to help members.
Whilst we hope to have a
structured session on making the
most of Omnis we believe the open
approach will help members more.
So why not come along and
meet our Omnis Experts who will
ensure that you leave with answers
to your particular Omnis problem.
Once again thanks to Pammie at
Blyth Product Support for the
information.
I would like to remind members
that Apple2000 now carries out all
Database functions using Omnis
Products.
The latest database to be put to
work under Omnis 3 runs on the
Apple IIGS and keeps all our IGS
Compatability and Selector
Information.
We are grateful to Blyth
Software for supplying their
products and for all the help and
support given in such a friendly
way.
Apple2000 has launched a
developers group and Omnis
developers are welcomed. The next
meeting of this group will be on the
16th May 1987 at the MICE'87 Show.
MEMBER'S
SMALL AD'S
FOR SALE
MacPlus (Brand New & Boxed)
800k External Drive.
Mac Write/Paint
£1800 ono
ee
Eddie Allen
WANTED
DESPERATELY WANTED
by ‘A’ level mathematician |
"Cartesian’ by Fl ftware for //e
finer)
Lee Harris
FOR SALE
Macintosh External Disk Drive
As new £230 0.n.0
Colourprint (Esoft Enterprises)
colour printing on [Writer II
Brand New & Shrink Wrapped £32
Bihan
Ken Gaston
FOR SALE
XEBEC 10Meg Hard Drive
Apple Compatible with interface,
software and manual.
Mint - Unused - £340
4 3
igel Teers
WANTED
D.O.S. 3.3(@) Version of:-
DISASM
BUGBYTER
EDASM
ProDOS Version of AppleWriter II
(ih _SAaRF canmL
Jeremy Quinn
PROGRAMMERS WANTED
Creative programmers wanted to
collaborate on exciting project for
Apple lIGS.
Write with details to:
N Teers,
{he att cCaranaeay, (Coawecvnn pay (CNR
FOR SALE
Apple II Europlus - 2 Drives
BMC Green Monitor. 80 column card,
Microsoft Z80, Grappler, and Ramex.
Epson MX80FT Printer.
Other cards and software.
Quick Sale Wanted.
Fearne eb 3 fi
iit i at aaa HED
Vicki Blundell
Apple2000 - April 1987
11
The Pawn
Review of the Apple Il and Macintosh
Adventure By Guy and Richard Wilday
Summary
We had two versions of the
game to play with. One was an
Apple Il version and the other
was forthe Macintosh.
Although we cannot
understand why the excellent
graphics capability of the
Apple Il has been ignored, we
found the game an enjoyable
problem solving adventure in
spite of the shortcomings
described below.
Presentation
Both packages were identical
except for a label signifying the
version and the appropriate
format of the disk.
The general presentation
was excellent and the
package comprised a neat
blue box containing a 62-page
book entitled 'A Tale of
Kerovnia’, a full colour poster of
the design on the cover of the
box, two small booklets (a
game play booklet anda
machine specific Key guide)
and the program diskette.
Apple Il Version.
We were particularly
disappointed with the lack af
graphics in the Apple II version,
apoint which is not mentioned
in the packaging.
‘The Pawn’ is advertised as a
new species of ILLUSTRATED
Interactive Fiction and the back
of the box shows three
impressive screen views from
the Atari ST version.
Tne game is only a text
adventure similar to the now
familiar and superior format of
Infocom. Passage around the
world of Kerovnia is achieved
by directing the computer not
only to eight points of the
compass but also up and
12
down. All these commands
can be abbreviated to letters,
e.g.N,NE,D.
The Pawn boasts a
revolutionary text-handling
system which allows input of
complicated sentences and
complete interaction with the
characters. In practice, this
appeared plainly moronic
ratherthan revolutionary.
For example, a request to
“Knock on door’, brings the
reply “I can't find a doorhere",
the reason being that , since a
pair of doors is there, the player
must demand "knock on
doors*(plural). Problems also
occurred in differentiating
between ‘stump’ and ‘tree
stump’
Picture of ‘The Wizard’ by
Richard Wilday
On one occasion ‘asking’
“Open the Fridge door’ brought
the strange reply "Youcan't
see a rabbit here’. This may
seem quite amusing but it also
proved very frustrating when
testing many different
sentence structures in an
attempt to make the program
respond sensibly.
Thankfully, the disk is without
protection and back-upis
encouraged. However, during
play, it is essential to keep the
book nearby, because, at an
unpredictable point in the
game, the player is asked to
enter a word found in the book.
the pages of which tell the story
of events that took place in
Kerovnia before the present
quest,
The tale is quite humorous
but it has no importance in
solving the game, apart from
the last few pages which
include a'Cypheric Help
Section’
When sheer desperation is
reached and it becomes
impossible to pass the dragon,
then it is useful to type: HINT and
scan the section in the book for
the question that references
the particular problem. Typing
in of the first set of printed code
causes The Pawn to recognize
ihe cypher and translate it into
ahint.
There can be as many as
three clues from each
question, increasing in
information, but many
questions will not be answered
until you reach a preset score.
In effect, you cannot have all
the answers without working
through the game. There are
also embedded false clues!
We felt no need to resort to
many of the hints. though the
vocabulary often proved more
of a problem.
One way to increase
success with this sort of game is
tosave it at frequent intervals
before falling intoatrap. There
is the facility to save eight
different games on a formatted
disk, and here we found
another problem. Quite
unexpectedly, data was
corrupted on a saved game
and could not be read. The
program ‘locked up’ with a fatal
error. This happened on four
ns | OCCOIONS. On different Apples
Apple2000 - April 1987
and with different disks.
Macintosh Version.
We tested The Pawn on the
Mac and found there really
were graphics. Finding them
was a challenge but the
booklet told us graphics were
present.
The game booted witha
black screen and white text,
with four pulkdown menus
along the top, but the
whereabouts of the pictures
was not obvious. We tried
typing ‘Graphics ON’ and the
response was ‘Graphics OFF’.
Display of the picture of
Kerovnia requires the
complete menu bar to be held,
with the mouse button
depressed, and pulled down
like aroller blind. The scene
revealed then changes during
the player's journey.
Unfortunately, the screen
dump had been disabled by
the program,so we cannot
provide a graphics example.
There was a printer command,
but this was to provide a hard
copy of the text onan
Imagewriter, to allow the player
to refer back when making
further attempts to pass the
dragon.
It transpired that the program
was not without faults. Ata
point late in the game, we
dropped one object In order to
hold another and. later, when
we came back for the object
and picked It up forthe second
time the game ceased. We
tried a different sequence of
events, but every time we
picked the item up fora
second time the game froze.
Conclusion
Onthe whole, we had more
enjoyment from playing the
Macintosh version and there
was certainly a reliable game-
saving feature
It is not unknown for
programs on the Macintosh to
‘crash’, but we feel the faults in
both versions of The Pawn are
in excess, and we would find
great difficulty In
recommending either version
of the game unless these
deficiencies are made good.
Despite this, the dedicated
adventure addicts will no doubt
wish to add The Pawn to their
collections and we wish these
players luck.
The Pawn (Apple II) £19.95 |
The Pawn (Macintosh) £24.95
Distributed by Rainbird
Software.
RHRBSBRSE
Apple2000 welcomes
reviews, articles and
letters on any Apple
related subject.
OSERVE
MICROCOMPUTER ENGINEERING
"ON-SITE"
THE On-Site microcomputer repair Specialists.
We'll be there when you need us.
MAINTENANCE CONTRACT
Discount available to all Apple 2000 Members.
4 BLUE CHALET IND. EST., WEST KINGSDOWN, SEVENOAKS, KENT TN15 6BT
Ty >
*First
(047 485)
"°°" EREE I!
*For more information and a quote on your configuration please phone.
4311
We also are more than happy to help on a non-contract basis
Apple2000 - April 1987
13
Apple D.M.P. Font
_ Creator & Editor
By MLONG &D STEWARD
iia ae a
‘This program is a companion to the DOS wolkit character
set converter, the program allows you to either load and edit
a character set or to create your own character or graphics
sets for down loading to an Apple DMP.
As with the toolkit converter the character set is stored
from $4000 to $43BA. The controlling BASIC program
loads the machine code program for loading the printer at
STF6E.
THE BASIC PROGRAM.
The program allows the creation of your own fonts
either characters e.g.,BYTE.SET from the DOS toolkit or
graphic sets such as the Frog sets from the toolkit. This
enables the use of customized letter headings or enhancing
printed articles and forms etc.
A second option allows editing of character and graphic
fonts, either those created by the program or converted from
the DOS toolkit. The program is menu driven and requires a
single disk drive.
LIST OF VARIABLES USED
AS TEMP.
P$ CURSOR POSN A-H.
x$ CURSOR POSN 0-7.
T$ TEMP.
E$ NAME OF CHARACTER SET FOR EDITING.
FS ERROR MESSAGES.
R$ INITIAL INPUT CHOICE Create, Edit or Quit.
NS NAME OF CHARACTER SET FOR SAVING.
L$ SAVE PARAMETER
A(65) ARRAY WHICH HOLDS CHARACTER
DATA (8*8).
M(8) ARRAY WHICH HOLDS 8 BYTES OF DATA
FOR A CHARACTER.
A TEMP.
B TEMP.
Cc CHARACTER CODE,
E ERROR CHECKING.
F ERROR CODE.
L CHARACTER LENGTH.
X1-X8 USED TO CONVERT CHARACTER DATA
IN ARRAY A(65) TO 8 BYTES IN ARRAY
M(@8).
M USED TO STORE POSN IN ARRAY A(65)
N AS ABOVE.
P USED TO CALCULATE ADDRESS OF
CHARACTER DATA.
T POSITION OF CHARACTERS ON SCREEN.
PO ADDRESS OF CHARACTER DATA.
C1-C4 INPUT OF ASCII CODE FOR CHARACTER.
STORES EITHER | OR 0 FOR TRANSFER TO
ARRAY A(65).
PROGRAM INSTRUCTIONS.
The initial menu allows the choice between creating your
own font or editing an existing font.
CREATING
You must first enter the ASCII code you wish to
it the character you are going to create. This must be
in the range 32-127.
The character will be displayed as you plot each bit.The
columns are referenced by the letters A-H and the rows by
the numbers 0-7. The last referenced row and column will
show up in inverse. To plot you press P and to rubout R. If
the character is to have a decsender then you press I and to
cancel you press O.
When the character has been completed you enter N.
When the set has been completed you enter S. You will then
be asked if you have finished, if not you are returned to
character entry once more.
On finishing you are given the option to view the
character set on the printer. You will then be requested to
input the name you wish to save the character set under. The
character set is then saved and you are returned to the menu.
EDITING
The program will request the name of the character set to
be edited. The set will then be loaded into the Apple's
memory starting at $4000. The same instructions as for font
creation apply to the editing.
MACHINE CODE.
The machine code subroutine bypasses the printer card
onboard software enabling code such as CHR$(9), to be
passed to the printer, This is written specifically for the
Digitek Super Printmaster III parallel printer card in slot 1.
USING THE FONTS WITH
APPLEWRITER II
To usc the custom fonts with Applewriter you should
first load the font into the DMP using the loader program
and then boot Applewriter II, without switching off the
printer.
To change to the custom font the DMP requires esc ' to
be sent, this may be done within Applewriter by typing
control V esc esc ' control V. You can retum to the standard
font by typing control V esc esc $ control V.
CONCLUSION.
These programs were written for the Apple I+, Apple
D.MP. and Digitek Super Prinunaster III interface card. The
programs could be adapted to handle Epson FX80 and other
printer character fonts.
In order to run with other cards the machine code
subroutine will have to be modified, changes will need to be
made to the address of the status register and the locations
which bypass the card software.
KENT LOCAL GROUP
Meets on Last Monday of Month at 1930 hrs.
Venue: AppleCentre, London Road, Maidstone.
Contact: Richard Daniels on Higilisiene FLAY
For further details.
Listing on page 15
Apple2000 - April 1987
Listings for DMP Article on page 14
REM COPYRIGHT M LONG PRUDHOE
REM
& D STEWARD CORBRIDGE
ENGLAND
APPLE DMP FONTS
CHA SET STORED AT $4000
MACH CODE PROG AT S7F6E
TO BYPASS PRINTER CARD
DIGITEK SUPER PRINTMASTER
CARD IN SLOT 1
REM
170 ONERR GOTO 240
180 CLEAR ; HIMEM: 32622:E ~ 1: PRINT
CHR$ (4);"BLOADDMP.L: TEXT ; HOME :
DIM A(65)
190 PS = “O":xX$ = “1":L = 6
200 GOSUB 1050
210 GOSUB 640
220 GOTO 520
230 \VTAB 24: HTAB @: PRINT “PRESS ANY
KEY TO CONTINUE":: GET TS: PRINT : HOME
: RETURN
240 F = PEEK (222)
250 IF F = 6 THEN FS = "FILE NOT
FOUND"
260 IF F ~ 8 THEN FS = “I/O ERROR"
270 IF F = 4 THEN FS = “WRITE
PROTECTED"
280 IF E = 1 THEN HOME : VTAB 10:
HTAB 7: PRINT “FILE ";: INVERSE : PRINT
“DMP.L";: NORMAL : PRINT * NOT FOUND":
GOSUB 230: GOTO 180
290 HOME : VTAB 12:
PRINT FS: NORMAL
300 GOSUB 230
310 HOME : ON E - 1 GOTO 1190,1480
320 REM CALC DATA & STORE IN MEM
330 FOR X = X8 TO X9:M(X) = X86: NEXT :
FORX = 1708
340 M(X8) = M(xB) + (A(X)
1)): NEXT
380 FOR X = X1 TO 16:M(1) = M(1) +
(A(X) * 2% (X - X1)): NEXT
360 FOR X = X2 TO 24:M(2) = M(2) + |
(A(X) * 2. * (X ~ X2))2 NEXT
370 FOR X = X3 TO 32:M(3) = M(3) +
(A(X) * -2-% (X = X3))2 NEXT
380 FOR X = X4 TO 40:1 ia) = M4) +
160
HTAB 6: INVERSE :
227 K-
390 FOR X = XS TO 48 (3) = (5) +
{A(K) * 2% (X = X5)): NEXT
400 FOR X = X6 TO 56:M(6) = M(6) +
(A(X) #27 (X = X6))
410 FOR X = X7 TO G4:M(X9) = M(X9) +
(A(X) # 2% (XK ~ X7)) 2 NEXT
420 REM BLANK CHA ON SCREEN
430 FOR Y = X8 TO X9: FOR X = X8 TO
x9
440 VTAB (8 + ¥): HTAB (4 +X): PRINT
" Sp2 NEXT 1 NEXT
450 FOR X = 1 TO G4:A(X) - XO: NEXT
460 REM STORE MO TO M7 IN MEM
470 PB = (C ~ 32) * 10:P0 = 16388 + P
480 POKE PO,C: POKE PO + 1,L:P0 = PO +
2
490 FOR X = X8 TO X9: POKE PO +
XsM(X) 3 NEXT
500 RETURN
310 REM CURSOR POSN & PLOT OR ERASE
520 VTAB 18: HTAB 1: FLASH : PRINT
ENTER"; : NORMAL : GET AS
530 IF ASC (AS) > 47 AND ASC (AS) <
56 THEN VTAB (8 + VAL (PS)): HTAB 3:
PRINT P$:: VTAB 19: HTAB 21: INVERSE
PRINT AS: VTAB (8 + VAL (AS)): HTAB 3:
PRINT AS}:N = VAL (AS):PS = AS? NORMAL
: GOTO 520
540 IF ASC (AS) > 64 AND ASC (AS) <
73 THEN VTAB 17: HTAB 21: INVERSE :
PRINT A$; GOSUB 1760: VTAB 7; HTAB (4 +
{ ASC (AS) ~ 65)): PRINT A9;:X$ ~ AS:
NORMAL : GOTO 520
550 IF A$ ~ “P" THEN VTAB 17: HTAB
27: INVERSE : PRINT "P": NORMAL : VTAB
17: HTAB 35: PRINT "R": GOSUB 1290:
GOTO 520
560 IF A$ ~ "R" THEN VTAB 17: HTAB
35: INVERSE NORMAL ; VTAB
17: HTAB 27: GOSUB 1290:
GoTo 520
570 IF AS = “N" THEN VTAB 18: HTAB 1:
PRINT " GOSUB 330: GOTO 620
580 IF AS = "S" THEN COTO 1450
590 IF AS = “I" THEN VTAB 21: HTAB
INVERSE : PRINT “DESCENDER": NORMAL
VTAB 23: HTAB &: PRINT “NO DESCENDER'
= 40
600 IF A$ = "O" THEN VTAB 21: HTAB 8:
PRINT “DESCENDER": VTAD 23: HTAB 8
INVERSE ; PRINT “NO DESCENDER":L - 6
610 GoTo 520
620 GOSUB 770: GOTO 520
630 REM SCREEN SETUP
640 HOME
650 VTAB 7: HTAB 4; PRINT “ADCDEFGI";
660 T = 6: FOR X =~ 0 TO 7; VTAB (T +
X)t HTAB 3: PRINT CHRS (176 + X)zz
NEXT
670 VTAB 16: HTAB 26:
ERASE"
680 VTAB 17: HTAB 8:
R“
PRINT "PLOT
PRINT "LETTER A-
4 2
690 VTAB 19: HTAB 8: PRINT “NUMBER 0-
7 N s*
700 VTAB 21: HTAB 8: PRINT "DESCENDER
™
710 INVERSE
"NO DESCENDER
720 VTAB 11:
cope"
730 TAB 20: HTAB 26:
VTAB 23: HTAB 8: PRINT
NORMAL : PRINT “ O*
HTAB 20: PRINT “ASCIT
PRINT "NEXT
: HTAB 20: INVERSE
750 IF R$ = "1" THEN PRINT
"CREATING": NORMAL : GOTO 770
760 IF RS = "2" THEN PRINT “EDITING”
770 #\VTAB 11: RTAB 14: FLASH : PRINT
ENTER"; 2 NORMAL
780 VTAD 13: HTAB 23;
CALL - 868
790 IF PEEK ( ~ 16384) < 127 THEN
790
BOO Cl'= PEEK ( - 16384): POKE
- 16368,0
810 IF Cl < 177 OR Cl > 185 OR Cl ~
178 THEN 790
820 Cl = Cl - 128: VTAB 13: HTAB 23:
PRINT CHRS (C1)
830 VTAB 13: HTAB 24: CALL ~ 868
840 IF PEEK ( - 16384) < 127 THEN
840
850 C2 = PEEK ( - 16364): POKE
~ 16368,0: IF C2 = 136 THEN 760
860 IF C2 < 176 OR C2 > 185 THEN 840
870 IF Cl = 49 AND C2 > 178 THEN 840
0 C2 ~ C2 - 126: VTAB 13: HTAB 24:
PRINT CHRS (C2)
890 VTAB 13: HTAB 25: CALL - 868
900 IF PEEK ( ~ 16384) < 127 THEN
900
910 ¢3 =
= 16368, 0:
920 IF C3
930 IF c3
10 + (C2 ~
940 IF C3
PEEK ( - 16384): POKE
IF C3 = 136 THEN 830
= 141 AND Cl = 49 THEN 900
= 141 THEN C = (Cl - 48) *
48): GOTO 1010
< 176 OR C3 > 185 THEN 900
950 IF Cl > 49 THEN 900
960 IF C2 > 49 AND C3 = 185 THEN 900
970 C3 = C3 - 128; PRINT CHRS (C3):C =
(Cl - 48) * 100 + (C2 - 48) * 10 + (c3 -
48)
980 IF PEEK ( ~ 16384) < 127 THEN
980
990 C4 = PEEK ( - 16384): POKE
- 16368,0; IF C4 = 136 THEN 890
1000 IF C4 < > 141 THEN 980
1010 VTAB li: HTAB 14: PRINT * »
1020 IF RS = “2" THEN GOSUB 1530
1030 RETURN
1040 REM INITIAL SCREEN SETUP
10S0 REM SETUP SCREEN
1060 X1 = 9:X2 = 17:X3 = 25:X4 = 33:x5
= 41:X6 = 49:X7 = 57:X8 = 0:X9 = 7: REM
VARIABLES FOR SUBROUTINE 200
1070 FOR X = 1 TO 40: PRINT "*7:NEXT
1080 FORA = 1 TO 3: PRINT ‘TAB(
NEXT
0: :
1100 VTAB 3: HTAB 8: PRINT "APPLE
D.M.P. CUSTOM FONTS."
1110 POKE 34,5
1120 VTAB 9: HTAB 14: PRINT “1) CREATE
FoNT*
2230 VTAB 11:
FONT"
1140 VTAB 13: HTAB 14: PRINT "3)
Quit
1150 VTAB 15: HTAB 5: PRINT “WHICH DO
YOU REQUIRE 1-3 :="7
1160 GET RS: IF RS < > "1" AND RS <
> "2" AND RS < > "3" THEN 1160
2170 IF R$ = "1" THEN RETURN
1180 IF RS = "3" THEN TEXT : HOME =
END
1190 PRINT : HOME : VTAB 10: HTAB 2:
PRINT "PLEASE ENTER NAME OF SET FOR
EDITING"
1200 VTAB 12: HTAB 5: INPUT ES
1210 IF ES = "" THEN GOTO 1190
1220 VTAB 14: HTAB 9: PRINT "INSERT
DISK IN DRIVE 1"
1230 VTAB 16: HTAB 10: PRINT
“CONTAINING ABOVE SET*
1240 GosuB 230
1250 EB = 2
1260 PRINT CHRS (4);"BLOAD
™;ES",AS4000, DI"
1270 RETURN
1280 REM PLOT OR RUBOUT
1290 IF ASC (XS) < 65 THEN RETURN
1300 IF PS = "A" THEN RETURN
1310 VTAB (8 +N): HTAB (4 + ASC (XS) -
65): IF AS = "RP" THEN Pl = 1: INVERSE
: PRINT " “;: NORMAL : GOTO 1330
1320 PRINT * "7:P1 = 0
1330 M= 68 - (N+ 1)
1340 A((( ASC (x$) = 64) * 8) =) =
Pl: RETURN
1350 REM FIN
1360 VTAB 14: HTAB 5: PRINT "DO YoU
WISH TO LOAD THE NEW SET"
1370 VTAB 16: HTAB 7: PRINT “AND VIEW
ON THE PRINTER Y/N GET PS
1380 IF PS = "Y" GOTO 1410
1390 IF PS < > =N* COTO 1360
1400 GOTO 1490
1410 VTAB 20: HTAD 4: PRINT “PLEASE
ENSURE PRINTER CONNECTED "
1420 VTAB 22: HTAB 14: PRINT “AND ON
LINE *
1430 VTAB 24: HTAB 8: PRINT “PRESS ANY
KEY TO CONTINUE ";: GET TS
1440 GOSUB 1660: GoTO 1490
1450 VTAB 22; HTAB 10; FLASH ; SPEED=
175: PRINT “ARE YOU FINISHED Y/N’
NORMAL : GET TS: SPEED= 255
IF T$ = "N" THEN VTAB 22: HTAB
HTAB 14: PRINT "2) EDIT
10: CALL - 868: GOTO 520
IF T$ = "Y" THEN HOME ; GOSUB
330: GOTO 1360
1480 PRINT ;: GOTO 1440
1490 HOME : VTAB 10: HTAB 4: PRINT
"PLEASE ENTER NAME FOR THIS FONT "7:
INPUT NS: IF NG = "" THEN 1490
1500 © = 3; IF R$ = "1" THEN POKE
16384, 27: POKE 16385,45: POKE 16386,27:
POKE 18387,73: POKE 17334,4
1510 PRINT CHRS
(4) :"BSAVE";NS,A$4000, LS3BB
1520 CLEAR : GOTO 160
1530 REM GET & DISPLAY CHA
1540 P = (C ~ 32) * 10:PO = 16388 + P +
2: FOR X = 0 TO 7:M(X) = PEEK (PO +
x): NEXT
1550 A = 64: FOR B = 7 TO 0 STEP
FOR X = 7700 STEP - 1
1560 IF M(B) / (2 * X) > = 1 THEN
ACA) = 1:M(B) = M(B) = (2 * X): GOTO
1580
1570 A(A) = 0
1580 A= A - 1: NEXT : NEXT
1590 A - 1: FOR X = 4 TO 11:
TO 15
1600 IAB Y: HTAB X:
620
GOTO 162
Continued on page 16 +
-.:
FOR Y = 8
IF A(A) = 0 THEN
‘Apple2000 - April 1987
15
1610 INVERSE : PRINT " “7: NORMAL
1620 A ~ A + 1: NEXT : NEXT
1630 T- PEEK (16388 + P +1): IF T=
L THEN RETURN
1640 L = T: IF L = 40 THEN VTAB 23:
PRINT "NO DESCENDER": VTAB 2:
INVERSE : PRINT “DESCENDER™:
1650 VTAB 21: HTAB 8: PRINT
“DESCENDER": VIAB 23: HTAB 6: INVERSE :
PRINT "NO DESCENDER": NORMAL : RETURN
1660 CALL 32622
1670 PRINT
1680 PRINT
1690 PRINT
1700 PRINT
1710 FOR 2
1720 PRINT
1730 PRINT
1740 PRINT
1750 PRINT
1760 PRINT
1770 RETURN
1780 FOR O = 1795 TO 1802: IF PEEK
CHRS (4)7"PRE1": PRINT
CHRS (27); CHRS (39)7
CHRS (27)7 CHRS (88);
= 32 TO 126
27" “zp CHRS (61)7" ">
CHRS (2)7" "7+ NEXT
CHRG (27); CHRE (36)
CHRS (27); CHRS (89)
CHRS (4)"PREO"
(0) <9 THENM = PEEK (0): POKE 0, (M +
192)
1790 NEXT :- RETURN
REM
REM
REM
REM
REM
REM
REM
REM
REM
100 HIMEM:
110 SETS =
CHR (20S) +
(3)
120
130
140 REM
150 HOME : FOR A = 1 TO 40: PRINT
se";3 NEXT
160 FORA = 1 TO 5: PRINT “*"; TAB(
40)2"9"22 NEXT
170 FOR A= 1 TO 40:
COPYRIGHT M LONG PRUDHOE
& D STEWARD CORBRIDGE
ENGLAND
DMP LOADER
32622: ONERR GOTO 530
CHRS (174) + CHRS (196) +
CHRS (208) :D$ = CHRS
REM
seTITLES*
PRINT “*";: NEXT
180 VTAB 3: HTAB 12:
D.M.P."
190 VTAB 5: TAB 15:
FONT"
gel
210 REM
220 REM
230 REM
240 POKE 34,7
250 REM
260 REM **LOAD MACHINE CODE PROG**
270 REM
280 E = 1: PRINT D$*BLOADDMP.L,D1"
290 REM
300 VTAB 12: HTAB 4: PRINT “PLEASE
INSERT A DISK CONTAINING"
310 VTAB 14: HTAB 8: PRINT “CUSTOM
FONTS IN DRIVE 1": COSUB 480:E = 2
320 HOME ; VTAB 14; HTAB 3: PRINT "DO
YOU WISH TO CATALOG DISK Y/N “;
330 GET CS: IF CS < > "N" AND CS << >
“y* THEN 330
340 IF C$ = "N" THEN HOME : GOTO 370
350 HOME ; GOSUB 630: IF Nl > 0 THEN
370
360 VTAB 12: HTAB 1: PRINT “NO
CHARACTER SETS FOUND. INSERT A DISK
WITH CHARACTER SETS IN DRIVE 1": GOSUB
480: COTO 320
370 CALL - 958: VTAB 23: HTAB 1:
INVERSE ; INPUT “LOAD WHICH SET ";NS:
NORMAL :E = 2
380 IF NS = “" THEN 370
390 HOME : VTAB 12: HTAB 4: PRINT
“PLEASE ENSURE PRINTER CONNECTED™
PRINT "LOAD APPLE
PRINT “CUSTOM
**SET WINDOW TOP**
DMP.C
*7270. 7EB2
TE70:A9 30
4 AD
D B3
88
oF
Ag
c8
AC
08
94
DO
88
7F30:AD B4
7£40:91 08
7#50:D0 02
‘7E60:C0 00
7E70:85 1F
7F80:A9 00
7E90:8D 9A
TPAO:84 TE
7880:84 7F
85
01
94
co
TE
1B
AS
BS
c8
FO
02
EB
94
ce
E6
DO
AO
85
co
E6
60
07
8D
ag
FP
E6
a1
1A
94
co
06
E6
co
cs
co
09
02
00
1E
8D
1E
Ag
BS
00
bo
og
08
91
4a
00
AD
09
FF
19
00
ag
E6
ag
AD
99
E6
20
94
85
Po
AQ
ca
08
8D
Do
Bo
OE
po
FO
bo
00
07
00
90
co
ic
85
ag
06
cé
00
Ad
ce
Bg
02
94
BS
02
32
02
8p
ac
85
co
cs
ac
19
00
8D
09
ag
49
8c
94
E6
4c
94
cé
Ag
E6
BE
pe
1B
29
C4
84
Ag
85
BE
AS
1B
91
Be
90
09
E4
ag
09
01
oo
94
TE
ag
02
1P
F
08
08
94
09
91
08
94
08
EE
7E
oo
EO
8D
AS
8c
ag
40
Do
FO
a2
85
ag
8D
cg
08
ce
AO
18
B6
co
cp
08
BS
1A
BS
04
85
F9
07
03
B4
07
91
00
os
91
BT
08
cD
co
1a Ag
43 85
Be 94
3F FO
cB Ad
AS 19
00 BL
AD BS
94 AD
og FO
BS 94
DO F4
94 AS
91 08
94 AC
91 08
1c Ad
Bl 1B
c4 1p
E4 1E
1
09
AO
05
2D
E6
06
94
B3
07
FO
4c
19
c8
B7
60
BA
8D
FO
FO
8D
Ag
BA
ag
91
19
8c
1
94
ca
11
54
E6
co
94
ag
85
90
OA
03
ve
19
ce
00
1D
co
4c
4c
DMP.L
#7868. 7FR2
00
1F AO 00 A9 00 85
00 85 1£ AD 90 CO
9A CO 8D 99 CO CB
Te E6 1E E6 1c 4c
TF 60
7F80:A9
7P90:8D
TEAO:84
‘TFRO:84
1B A9 40 85 1c A9 BA 85 1D
29 02 DO F9 Bl 1B 8D 90 CO
C4 IF FO 07 C4 1D FO 0A 4c
84 7F A2 03 E4 1B FO 03 4C¢
400 VTAB 14: HTAB 14:
LINE": COSUB 480
410 IF RIGHTS
NS = NS + SETS
420 PRINT DS$;"BLOAD"NS“,D1,A$4000"
430 CALL 32622
440 ‘TEXT : HOME : VTAB 2: HTAB 4:
PRINT "DONE": END
PRINT “AND ON
(N$,4) <> ".DMP THEN
450 REM
460 REM **PAUSE**
470 REM
480 TAB 26: HTAB 8: PRINT “PRESS ANY
KEY TO CONTINUE";: GET TS: PRINT
490 HOME : RETURN
500 REM
510 REM **ONERR**
520 REM
530 Y = PEEK (222)
$40 IF Y = 6 THEN F$ = “FILE NOT
FOUND"
550 IF Y = 13 THEN FS ~ “FILE TYPE
MISMATCH”
560 IF Y= 8 THEN FS = “I/O ERROR™
$70 HOME : VTAB 12: HTAB 6: INVERSE =
PRINT FS: NORMAL
580 IF E= 1 THEN VTAB 14: HTAB 16:
INVERSE : PRINT “ DMP.L
“yp: NORMAL : PRINT “ NOT FOUND": GOSUB
480: GOTO 280
590 GOSUB 480: HOME : GOTO 300
600 REM
610 REM —** CATALOG **
ADAPTED FROM PROG BY J
SHARPPUBLISHED IN HARDCORE, BASUG MAG
620 REM
630 RESTORE : FOR N = 6192 TO 8223:
READ M: POKE N/M: NEXT :
THEN POKE 6204,2
640 DATA
169, 32,160, 10, 32, 181,183, 96,0,0,1,96,1,
0,17,0,27, 32,0, 33, 0,0
+1,0,0, 96, 1,0, 1,239, 216,0
650 ISECT = @207:ICMD ~ 8214:IBUFP =
821: :BUPP = 33;SECT ~ 15: POKE
IcMD,
IF Bg = "2"
660 POKE ISECT,SECT: POKE IBUFP,BUFP:
CALL 8192:SECT = SECT - 1:BUFP = BUFP +
1: IF SECT. > = 1 THEN 660
670 B = 6459: FOR R= 0 TO 14:A = B+
256 * Rt FOR S ~ 0 TO 6:TYPE = PEEK (A
+ 2+ 8 * 35): IF TYPE
4, THEN 690
680 GOTO 750
690 NAMES = “":LGTH = PEEK (A+ 33+ S
*°35):LH$ = STRS (LGTH):L = LEN
(LHS): POR M = 0 TO 30:E = PEEK (A + 3
+3 * 35 +M)iF ~ PEEK (A+ 4+ 8 * 35
+): IF E = 160 AND F = 160 THEN 710
700 NAMES = NAMES + CHRS (E): NEXT M
710 IF LEN (NAMES) < 4 THEN 750
720 IF RIGHTS (NAMES,4) < > SETS
THEN 750
730 Nl = Nl + 1: IF INT (Nl / 2) < >
Nl / 2 THEN VTAB 8 + INT (Nl / 2):
HTAB 1: PRINT NAMES: GOTO 750
740 VTAB 8 + INT ((N1 - 1) / 2): HTAB
21; PRINT NAMES
132 OR TYPE =
750 NEXT S,R: RETURN
Program listings are
available on BABBS and
the Force for
downloading.
Apple2000 welcomes
contributions from
members, on any Apple
telated subject.
16
‘Apple2000 - April 1987
>
LEAP AHEAD
OF THE GAME
The Gazelle
is an integrated communications
program written in Assembly Language
for APPLE //e, //c and//GS
The Gazelle
offers BRILLIANT COLOUR -and
a Viewdata Frame Editor with Carousel.
Download as many frames as you like,
edit them then carousel the display
/ with timer control.
@ EASY TO USE The Gazelle
Select Commands with Mouse, is State-of-the-Art Prodos
Alphabetic or Cursor Keys
@ UNIQUE FRIENDLY INTERFACE
Pull-Down Menus
@ WRITTEN BY EWEN WANNOP Leap sure footed
Well-known brainy boffin with the GAZELLE
@ DIRECT ACCESS TO HELP SCREENS . a
from any point in program into File Transfers, Telecom Gold,
@ SENDS APPLEWORKS files and Telex and Prestel !
DOWNLOADS Email as AWP files
@ STATUS BAR DISPLAY
Shows Buffer, Speed, Date & Time
Stays active while online
@ FAST IN USE
Memory-resident Program
communications software.
@ FILE CONVERSION from DOS 3.3
@ CONTINUOUS SPOOLING
Up to 30 Megabytes
@ BUILT-IN CLOCK
(for Mousecard &//c) Special
@ LARGE 44k CAPTURE BUFFER
@ TEXT EDITING & MACRO FACILITIES Trade-in Offer
Upgrade your existing comms
Send us the original disc from ANY comms package
fora £20 Trade-In !!
Order by Cheque or Postal Order
£75.00 +VAT (£55.00 +VAT if with Trade-in )
From KOLOUR SOFTWARE LIMITED
Oe a ee |
Mees:
Re y
Apple2000 - April 1987 17
The
Gazelle
Communications Software for the Apple // Series.
There is a new tele-communications program
about fo be launched in the U.K. It will give Apple
// users the facilities that they have dreamed
about for years. Kim Hull previewed a pre-
release copy for Apple2000.
//e, //c or //GS
‘The Gazelle’ was written by
Ewen Wannop, a character of
some repute in the
communications field anda
well-known associate of Apple
The program starts with a
double high-res menu screen
which allows the userto go to
the viewdata editor, the file
transfer menu orthe main part
of the program - the terminal
program. The use of double
high-res immediately indicates
which Apple vehicles can use
this software; sorry Il+ users, you
need either an extended //e,
a//cora//GSto runthe
Gazelle.
The program defaults to the
terminal program if no keys are
pressed at the outset. The
menus are a series of pull-down
windows which are named
Options, Buffer, File, Config and
Help. This really isa hugh
program with many facilities
which there is not enough room
to discuss here, so | will try to
outline some of the better
displays a system clock with
the time and date and the
length of time on-line. This Is
shown in the Status, along with
Buffer details, System
configuration details, data
transfer speed, word format,
etc. If you do not havea
mousecard, you will not get the
system clock on your //e.
On-line Help
Steering around the menu
windows is very easy; you can
use the mouse, the cursor
arrows or just press the first letter
of the command you want to
access and the command
highlights as the cursor passes
overt.
lam the sort of person that
only reads the program manual
as a last resort so the first thing |
turned to was the Help Menu.
This has ten headings and
pressing retum on any one
opens a window of help on that
subject, usually several pages
What makes the Help facility
really remarkable is that at any
stage during command
selection you can access on-
correct help file and onthe
correct page to give
assistance on the subject, and
references the pages in the
manual to look at for more help.
This facility ls available on all
commands at all times, even
whilst on line. This is true user
friendliness.
| picked up enough from the
Help Menu to try going on-line
to my favourite bulletin board. |
went to the Config menu and
set up the speed for 1200/75
and 8-N-1, and used the
Archive facility to set this as the
default setting for my system;
Gazelle saved this to disc.
|moved back to the Options
window, and pressed retum
when Dial was highlighted. A
window opened requesting the
telephone number - which!
entered; the Gazelle supports
all manual dial and Hayes
compatible auto-dial
modems, but variations on
‘compatible’ are endless so
the publishers offer to assist if
problems occur. My
connection went smoothly and
was taken from the menu to
the terminal display.
The buffer is 44k, and the
Status Bar displays memory
usage at all times. If this buffer is
not big enough for you, there is
a quickspool facility which
allows continuous spooling of
the Incoming data to afile on
disc, and thanks to ProDos this
can be up to 30 megabytes!!!
Start looking around for a hard
disc now.
Receivi nd AppleWorks Files
The OA-key toggles
between the Data display and
the Menus display. | toggled
back to the Menu area, moved
tothe File window. highlighted
the Prefix command and
pressed ? to read the Help file.
Pressing OA took me back to
the menu, still on Prefix. |
retumed, and a window
features and some of the worse line hlep on that subject. It opened asking me for anew
drawbacks. works like this. Inthe Options disc prefix.
Above the window window is a facility to set the At this stage you begin to
environment is a Status Bar Time on the system clock. By appreciate how much Ewen
which is visible both on and off highlighting the command Wannop understands the
line. Witha //c ora//e anda Time and pressing the ‘?/' key Apple and ProDos. All| had to
mouse card the program the help window opens on the do now was type in D2, andthe
18
Apple2000 - April 1987
Prefix was set to BOARD,
DOWNLOADS, the name of the
disc in drive 2, | toggled back to
the data window, logged off
the bulletin board and OA'd to
the File window.
luse AppleWorks as my
word processor, Gazelle can
transmit these files directly and
save downloads as AWP files,
solsavedmy Email directly as
an Appleworks file.
Gazelle does have a useful
text editor for viewing and
preparing messages however
most people will prefer to use
their word processors for
manipulating text, the
AppleWorks facility will be
really useful for the devotees of
this program.
Macro Editor
| use Prestel on a regular
basis for spotting airline ticket
bargains and | am also a fan of
the Healthdata 1200/75 bulletin
board, | therefore wanted to
test the Viewdata capabilities
of Gazelle.
From the Options menu!
used the Macro Edit facility to
set up a simple macro to issue
my account and password
numbers to Prestel for logging
on. The macro capabilities are
far beyond those that | will ever
need; several pages of the
manual are taken up with the
commands alone.
Dialling and ring-off can be
incorporated and the selection
of examples provided on the
disc make understanding this
often baffling side of
communications software
much easier,
The facility for elements of
an individual macro to be
conditionally recursive Is
extremely powerful, asis the
ability for one macro to call an
other. |completed my simple
macro, switched to Viewdata
mode in the menu window by
highlighting it and pressing
Return (you must have some
idea of how this interface works
by now?) and Auto-dialled
Prestel.
Once in, | was surprised to
find that my Prestel display was
in monochrome as Gazelle
claims to display Viewdata in
full colour, but | will explain this
later.
Downloading Prestel
| downloaded a number of
pages. Again, there is really no
limit to the number that could
be downloaded thanks to the
spool-file capability. As Prestel
does not recognise Xon/Xoff
protocol itis best to save toa
Ram disk to lessen data loss.
I then logged off Prestel and
logged onto one of the non-
commercial ITEC viewdata
boards. There are many of
these around the country so.
you should be able to find one
at local call rates.
lloaded some more frames,
toggled to the menu and
saved the buffer to a file on
disk, toggled back to Viewdata
and logged off.
Here | was stuck with a
predicament. | wanted to edit
the downloaded frames but the
only way to get into the
viewdata editor was an OA-
CTRL-RESET; It is nit-picking, but!
felt this transfer could have
been cleaner.
After re-booting,| pressed E
for viewdata editor and was
presented with a new set of
menu windows.
Colour Displa
| will deal now with my earlier
comments about the Prestel
colour display. If you have a
Pace Palette Card you will get
colour viewdata displays while
on-line.
If, like me, you have an RGB
monitor and card you will not
get colour displays while on-
line but willbe able to see and
edit the displays in colour if your
card can display double hi-res
graphics.
Several RGB cards cannot
do this. The best card to have
is the Keyzone Spectragram
card, Gazelle programmes the
card to display the colours
correctly, not as standard
Apple colours but as viewdata
colours.
The Viewdata
The viewdata editor is
fantastic, and that's an
understatement. The whole
process of building and editing
frames is explained simply and
clearly, and on-line help is
available at all times as before.
lloaded up my previously
saved buffer, tured the colour
on, opened up aspool file on
my PlusRam card and grabbed
frames out of the buffer for
editing.
Astatus line at the bottom of
the screen shows where the
hidden Esc codes that control
colour, height, alpha or
graphics; the grabbed frame
can be restored if a complete
foul up is made of the edit. and
arange of "standard" frames
are provided to enter into the
sequence.As! completed
frames they were saved away
to my spool file at ramadisk
speed.
Carousel Display
I cleared the buffer, loaded
in my spoolfile and went to the
Display option. This allows
continuous carouseling of the
frames in memory (and you
can keep a great deal in
memory as each frame is
saved in the most economical
fashion) with whatever delay
between frame paging as
desired.
This programme really
opens up the Apple as a
machine for people using the
Closed user groups on Prestel.
The updates of frames could
be downloaded during cheap
rate time, a carousel of edited
frames assembled, and the
carousel displayed in any
prominent place; for example
personalised holiday offers ina
travel agents window
Anyone with an Apple could
apply to be an information
provider and the quality of the
frames is only limited by the skill
of the user, not the equipment.
The Copy Programme
The third section of the
programme is really only of use
to present comms users. If you
already have a comms
programme forthe Apple and
have saved files and viewdata
frames, they will probably be
saved as DOS 3.3 files. Many
farmers use Apples to access
the CUG for them on Prestel and
will wish to upgrade to the
ProDos operating system. The
Copy Files part of the
Apple2000 - April 1987
19
programme can transfer files
saved using programmes like
Data Highway and Vicom into a
format suitable for Gazelle and
ProDos. Itis like a sort of mini
chameleon, but with a different
look due to the pull down
menus.
Copy Protection
The Gazelle is not copy
protected, therefore making a
back-up is no problem.
The review copy of The
Gazelle’ came with a polite
warning that alll disks issued by
Kolour Software have a unique
serial number encrypted in
several places on the disk, and
that any unlawful distribution
would result in prosecution
Summing Up
The Gazelle has very many
plusses and one ortwo.
minuses. The use of ProDos,
the speed and flexibility, and
the ease of use make this
without doubt the
communications programme
of the future.
HOT LINE NEWS
Dave Ward
- Dee © D/00
Last time | mentioned problems
using certain programs written
for older Apple computers on
the latest //¢ ,enhanced //e
and IIGS machines, where
certain inverse characters
appear as ‘gibberish’ on the
screen. This problem is often
caused by non standard
methods of producing inverse
characters.
Since then | have been
acquainted with two more
solutions :-
1} Applewriter //e can be
cured by a very simple ‘patch’
which Is described by Steve
Meuse in Nibble Magazine April
1985 pp63-64,
2} There does not appear to
be a ‘patch’ for PFS FILE: //e as!
am aware.
from the control panel it was still
active. If you want to use the
ram for any other purpose you
must tum off the ram disk from
the control panel and then
switch off the computer fora
few minutes and then switch it
on again. Nothing else seems
to be good enough.
Some members including
myself seem to think that if they
see something advertised for
£20 which would cost £55
elsewhere they worry that there
might be something wrong with
it. This problem occurred with
Plusram 256K upgrade kits
which cost £20 compared with
other advertised prices of £55
to upgrade the 256K Apple IIGS
memory card. | contacted
The manualis clear, if alittle Fred Waters of Portsmouth Cirtech (UK) regarding this
verbose, and the on-line help is informed me that he had matter and as a result
comprehensive. There is on solved his problem by . purchased 3 such kits to bring
upgrade path for users of contacting Software Publishing my card to a full megabyte. |
existing comms programmes Europe 85-87 Jermyn Street can assure members that they
and if you have not yet been orn SW1Y 6JDtelephone 01- | work perfectly.
i th .
ation aye vewecto bug = The latest versions of the PFS Many members have
ensure that you become series working underProDOSdo | complained that there seems
addicted to an area of not exhibit this problem and to be very little technical
communications that in the software is available to transfer information about the Apple
past has been seen as BBC your old files to the new system. IGS in the UK. It would appear
territory. Apparently Fred got very that although Apple Computer
. good service from PFS. Inc. now launch all new
faa eT Remember though that PFS hardware simultaneously
software is copy protected so throughout the world the same
Title: The Gazelle aback-up may be advisable cannot be said of technical
Author: Ewen Wannop unless you can bypass it! fromealion. Mony Pisdetst .
g muc er information
Type: Communications Software Some members who are available from Cupertino. It
Machine Requirements: fortunate (read wealthy) seems a pity that UK hardware
NeJicoriiGS enough to have Apple liGS. and software products should
Publisher: Kolour Software Ltd computers have had a slight be put at a disadvantage ; you
RE Tine Siping, difficulty with AppleWorks only have to look at the
aiaits Hugftany version 2.0, The problem advertisements in this
(Dicisvisiess, Spit) 44E1A appeared to be that even magazine to see the
Freieyprtvainis CaN) enna? though they had a 256K exceptional quality of UK
Cost: £75.00 + VAT expansion card AppleWorks products.
Avallable from: Kolour Software would not recognize it and only
Available NOW gave a desktop of 56K. The Do any members know of
problem tumed out to be that ways of transferring screens
they had specified the 256K from a Macintosh to the Apple
ram to be a ramdisk and even lIGS format?
ER | tough they had switched it off «
20 Apple2000 - April 1987
TRANSWARP
Your lle can run faster than a GS - with TraneWarp.
TransWarp is the acceleraior which beats all others out of sight. With 256K of fast
memory on board, TransWamp can accelerate auxiliary as wall a& motherboard
memory which is why it runs 30% fastar than other accelerators. And no problems
with caching techniques.
Results of Byte magazine “sisve™ benchmark. in seconds:
lla - 245 secs; IBM-PC- 191 secs; Macintosh - 125 secs;
Mac Pus - 96 secs; IGS - 96 sacs; IBM-PCAT(6MHz)-80sacs;
MWe + TraneWarp - 80 secs.
‘Source: *Open-Applo"Decembor 1986
Compativie with lle/II+ only. Not GS compatible,
Price: £279.00 (ex Vat).
( GS - RAM )
GS-Ram (256K to 1.5 Meg) - fits GS memory slot
AS well as. extra, to 1.5 Mi t GS-Ram alco
Se rpchasira saree nets tas 1d os erase res,
28. processor and To 2000 tnealecorde in the clipboard.
At epleytins nsnonSoons sr and Gr ss ow
‘Aigo auto-loade AppleWorks for oven faster oporation; has a variable-siz
Daten and ato angers arg eso they tana saved ont OF 8 OS
GS-RAM Is not the card Kk it does. much
ior than AR alr cae PLUS ny i sscursd an'he Korn the Fokore
the world beating RamWorks
‘1 Mog GS-RAM or larger includes free Pinpoint 2.0.
Prices: (ox Vat)
256K == £169.00
512K £219.00
1 Meg £299.00 - Includes free Pinpoint 2.0
1.8 Meg £370.00 - Includes free Pinpoint 2.0
GS-Ram Plus (1 Meg to 8 Meg) - fits GS memory slot
Enhancements as GS-Ram, Ho 6 Hen on aig card 2 + 2 Mey Peon tesy
{full 8 Meg. Uses 1 Mog Ram which are
comm cicaper: GALL 1 alas pring
XM S
f PINPOINT 2.0 )
This new enhanced version of Pinpoint, Pinpoint 2.0, works on the new
Apple IIGS and works with Version 2.0 of AppleWorks, Pinpoint 2.0 can
also be integrated into AppleWriter as well as AppleWorks, BASIC and
other selected ProDos programs. Pinpoint applications include Ap-
ointment Diary and Calendar, Calculator, CommunicationsWindow,
GraphMerge, Notepad, Quicklabeland Typewriter, Other integrated
applications such as SpellingChecker, Macros (Keyplayer) or pro-
(Qrammers tools (Toolkit) can be added later.
Prices: (ex Vat)
Pinpoint 2.0: £89.00
Spelling Checker:
KeyPiayor Macros: £49.00
Toolkit (Includes RunRun Desktop manager): £69.00
RunRun (Desktop Manager): £49.00
(PRO-APP HARD DISKS
For ALL Apple Computers
GS/eic/+/Mac/Mace
Pro-App 20 Mb Hard-Disk (Also 10Mb)
Ths erty rerdiok stich pugs deecty the Smart pot of te GS cr the
extemal dak drive port of lic or the back of a.2.5 inch digh dive -
& valuable slot. (Can alto be connected via the ‘30S! morc. 7
gue In hat Bis Soe ere Azote rare - oven Uc. Siyied 19
match the now Apple styling and supports Maciniosh systems, Prados in.
16), Pascal 1.3 and 3. ‘Gish is Used ab the hare-dck Tor the
Unishare network which inks Gila:
(ex Van: 20 Mb: £995.00
10 Mb: £795.00
Compatibility: ISS/llosMletly/MacMacr
Pro-App 40 Mb Hard-Disk
Fast SCSI drive. (Sub 30 meec. avg acooss timo)
Daisy-chain up to 200 Mb.
Compatibility: GS/Mac Pius/lle (Note: GS and Ile need SCSI card)
Price (ex Vat): £1795.00
Note: Tapestreara for Pro-App avaliable February
YY J
(‘VIP - Professional |
‘This amazing must vie with AppleWorks for the ttle of *Best program ever
for the Apple Il series is
VIP Protessional Is a super-powortul spreadsheet, database & graphics program.
VIP Professional is a Lotus 1-2-3 clone which adds a full Mac-styie interlace and
Spor ang rune on the le and el Undebiovabie ut tuel (Separate version ava
VIP Professional provides up to 8192 rows and 256 columns and requires at loast
250K of Ram (RamWorks of Z-Rarn), {Grex on GS), and can cnecty adress op
loge.
Mir Protessional has ait the functions and power of Lotus 1-23 and can evan use
Lotus macros, tompiatos and workshoots. (Transtor via a Comms program).
Prices: (ex Vat)
VIP Professional. ile/c: £219.00
VIP Profeasional- GS: £279.00
(Alco available "bundled" with GS-Ram, RamWorks and Z-RAM)
L J
SPECIAL OFFER |
Now GS-RAM including FREE Pinpoint 2.0 and Spelling Checker.
Applies to 1 Meg and 1.5 Meg sizes only.
1 Meg GS-RAM: £299.00 - With FREE Pinpoint 2.0 and Speller
1.5 Meg GS-RAM: £379.00 - With FREE Pinpoint 2.0 and Speller
Order your GS now and specify GS-RAMI
Prices exclude VAT. Otfer subject to availabilty.
We can only mention a few produc inthis adver. 30 sand for ou fl sting
{nd prices on clher powedul hardware and software for the Apple I se
WGS, le, Ne ar
Wo aro addir producte all tho timo - especially for the GS - s0 request to
Dovput on a ray css mating ist AanWonke snow Mark I= and sit th best
for AppleWorks on the lle. Z-RAM - now Mark il - give your llc a
Mogabyte of memory and be amazed.
X S ,
e >)
auprooucrscarry BIDMUTHIN TECHNOLOGIES
ATEN-DAY NO- ORDERING
QUIBBLE "WONEY P.O.BOX 264, HARROW, MIDDX. HA3 SAY INFORMATION
BACK IF NOT Tel: 01907 8516 Telex: 8950511 ONEONE Heid bi an PaB omconkee
us 5 ! per order.
DeteHTeD ree G (Ref: 22554001) ‘Add VAT at 15%
GUARANTEE. Also available from your Local Dealer
The Apple lIGS is the first Apple
// computer, as faras lam
aware, to have an internal
clock and of course. it's
different than any of the clock
cards that we have been used
to.
At present only ProDOS 8 V1.2
and ProDOS 16 and some
applications which work under
these operating systems can
access the clock.
| have been unable to find
any technical information
regarding the clock, however,
by modifying a bit of the code
contained within ProDOS 8
(V1.2), Ihave managed to
read the clock from BASIC,
even when running under one
of the oldest operating
systems, DOS 3.2.
For those Apple IIGS users
who want a routine here isa
BASIC program that reads the
clock. First it is basic because it
is written in that language and
secondly because it only prints
out the date-time in text.
|leave readers to add the
GS!, just think enterprising
programmers could produce a
cuckoo clock. | left out sound
simply because | may want to
write a future article on what
makes the GS tick!
The Apple lIGS clock is very
good ; it supports seconds,
minutes, hours, days and years.
It treats leap years correctly
and does not baulk at year 2000
and on. Although the control
panel clock only shows 01 for
year 2001 ete. it is held internally
as 101.
The clock on my Apple IGS is
not particularly accurate
gaining about 2 seconds per
day but that is not too much of a
problem since its so easy to
change from the control panel.
Remember, that if you invoke
the control panel option to
adjust the clock, that the
display is frozen and you must
adjust the time before you exit
otherwise your clock will have
effectively lost time!
The following BASIC program
requires a machine code clock
reader and since machine
code is difficult to hide under
ProDOS the program has been
designed so that the machine
code routine is ensconced at
the end of the program. This
technique is so ‘old! that it is
likely that WOZ or Randy
Wigginton devised it.
One of its cleverest uses is in
the Machine Routine (Wizards
Tool Box) designed by Peter
Mayer which allows over 250
machine code subroutines to
be attached to the end of
BASIC programs!!
It goes without saying that
these ‘parasites’ must be
relocatable since they move
about as you add, delete or
alter lines in the program.
A PROGRAM
TO READ
THE APPLE
IGS CLOCK
Applesoft BASIC may be
rather old fashioned but like all
the pies that WOZ has had his
fingers in, hidden depths are
present - witness the
Ampersand command which
has produced a plethora of
Applesoft enhancements.
When an Appiesoft
program is loaded its length,
stored within the file. is
translated into the end-of-
program pointer (SAF/$B0), in
the ‘zero page' from which
LOMEM: is initially determined.
Strangely enough Applesoft
programs do not use this
information to find the end-of-
program during running or
listing!!
In Applesoft the first
information in a'line' is a link
pointer to the start of the next
line and the end-of-program is
a pseudo line whose link is zero.
So we can add as much code
after the pseudo line as we like
all we have to do is to update
the end-of-program pointer
(SAF/BO) and SAVE the
Program - its just as simple as
that. Also your machine code Is
in the safest possible place
where ProDOS can't walk all
over it. It is also selfloaded with
the BASIC program and so Is
totally transparent.
When you have entered the
following program check it very
carefully. When RUN the
program will prompt you to
SAVE it as GSCLOCK.SETUP - so
make sure that you have a
correctly formatted diskette
teady to store it.
Do save it because the
program will modify itself by
deleting a few lines and
installing the machine code
clock reading routine.
Finally you will be prompted
to SAVE the fully installed
program BASIC.CLOCK.GS. This
program BASIC.CLOCK.GS may
be amended almost at will
except that you must retain the
relocation routine that ensures
that the clock reading routine
will work anywhere in memory.
22
Apple2000 - April 1987
Programme Listing
1 GOTO 60000
80 PEEK
(Mr dd:
PTR = PEEK (M) + 256 *
RETURN
50000 REM “=~
display program =
Entrypoint to Clock
50020 DIM MNS(11),DAS(7)
50200 MNS(0) = "January"
:MNS(1) = "February"
MNS (2) = "March"
3MNS(3) = “April*
MNS (4) = "May"
MNS (5) = "June"
NS(6) = “July”
MNS (7) = "Auguet"
2MNS(8) = “September”
:MNS(9) = "October"
:MNS$(10) ~ “November”
3MNS(11) = “December”
50220 DAS(7) = “Saturday*
:DAS(1) = "Sunday*
:DA$(2) = "Monday"
:DA$(3) = “Tuesday”
:DAS(4) = "Wednesday"
:DA$(5) ~ “Thuraday”
:DAS(6) = "Friday"
51000 M = 175
:GOSUB 80
CL = PTR - 170
:DT = PTR = 80
IM = DT
2X1 = INT (DT / 256)
2x0 = DT - x1 * 256
:POKE CL + 6,XO
:POKE CL + 7,X1
fPOKE CL + 34,X0
+POKE CL + 35,X1
POKE CL + 44,X0
POKE CL + 45,X1
3CALL CL
$1040 pT - pr +1
SECS = PEEK (DT + 7)
MINS = PEEK (DT + 6)
HOURS = PEEK (DT + 5)
tYEAR = PERK (DT + 4) + 1900
1DAYTE ~ PEEK (DT + 3) +1
:MUNTH = PEEK (DT + 2) +1
:WEEKDAY = PEEK (DT)
51050 Home
TAB 10
RINT DAS (WEEKDAY) z
51060 PRINT" “ RIGHTS (“O" +
(DAYTE),2)" “MNS(MUNTH = 1)" "3
PRINT YEAR;
STRS
51080
TRS (1
PRINT *
R) + 2)
RIGHTS ("O" +
RIGHTS ("O" +
“ RIGHTS (MON +
STRS (MINS), 2)
STRS (SECS), 2)
60000 DATA
226, 48,173,104, 192,141,0,3,41, 207,141,
104,192, 24,251,194, 48, 169, 0,0, 72, 72,
72,72, 162, 3,13, 34, 0,0, 225, 226, 32,173,
0, 3,141, 104, 192, 162, 8,0, 104,157,0,3,
202, 208, 249,56, 251, 96
63300 PRINT
PRINT “Ready to SAVE
GSCLOCK. SETUP
Please press a key to continue ";
3GET KS
:PRINT
SPRINT CHRS (4) "SAVE
GSCLOCK. SETUP"
PRINT
PRINT “Saved GSCLOCK.SETUP™
:NL® = 103
63310 M = NLS
:GOSUB 80
NLS = PTR
IM = PTR 42
:GOSUB 80
IF PTR < > 60000 THEN 63310
63330 M = NLS
:GOSUB 80
CL = PTR - 170
63340 FOR M = CL TO CL + 170
READ P
POKE M,P
TIF P< > 96 THEN NEXT
63900 POKE 175, PEEK (NLS)
3POKE 176, PEEK (NLS + 1)
:POKE NL*,0
:POKE NL + 2,0
iM = 103
:COSUB 80
POKE PTR + 5,53
63600 PRINT
PRINT “Saving BASIC.CLOCK.Gs”
SPRINT CHRS (4) "SAVE
-CLOCK.GS"
PRINT
PRINT “Saved BASIC.CLOCK.cS"
Let's take a look at the program
line-by-line :
1 GOTO 60000 Thisis good practice
since subroutines are easier for the
Program to find if near the start of the
program. Itis also easily changed to
50000 when the program amenasitselt.
60000 This !s the start of the setup routine:
that amends the program, enters the
machine code routine and finally
deletes itself! It also contains the data
for that routine.
63300 SAVES the program justin case
youneedit!
63310 Locates the start of line 60000 in
memory,
63330 Locates the start of line 63300 and
makes CL equal to the start of the
machine code routine which
incidentally over-writes the data!
63340 Actually POKEsin the machine
code routine. Note that the loop is
exited badly!
63500 Makes line 60000 into the pseudo
line to mark the end of BASIC lines. Also
the eng-of-program pointer (SAF/$80) is
sot well aftor the machine code to
protect it. GOTO 60000 inline 1 Is
changed to GOTO 50000 to allow the real
program to run correctly.
Atter running the program all the above
code will have vanished andiline 1 is
changed!
1 Goto 50000
80 Converts two contiguous bytes in
memory in LO/HI format into PTR,
50000 Program main entrypoint
50020 Dimensions string arrays
50200 & 50220 Sets up month and day
information,
51000 Finds the end of program in
memory from which the start of the:
machine code routine (CL) is found.
Also a pointer to the data (D1) is
calculated and poked into the machine
code routine tomake it relocatable.
The data areais required to hold the
time-cate from the clock.
51040 Real data starts at the second
entry in the data area from which the
date-time is PEEKed.
§ 1050-51080 prints out the date-time on
the text screen.
You might have wondered
why | have not listed the
machine code in assembler.
Well firstly | don't have an
assembler that will deal with
65C816 code and secondly the
start of the code is in 65C02
mode followed by 65C816 code
with 16 bit registers. The next
part is still 816 code but the A
register is reduced to 8 bits
whilst the other registers are still
in 16 bit width. Such a routine is
ifficult to list!
This routine will allow you to
date stamp files and data
records without having to
manually enter the time. It also
allows you to greet users with
the date-time etc.
Perhaps an IBM version
might show the following
legend on the screen:
Good morning Mr Phelps...
Don't worry, though, neither
this program nor the article will
self-destruct!
Apple2000 - April 1987
23
TECHNICALLY
SPEAKING
Dougal Hendry looks at the
Serial Interface
ar ae ae
“The interface serial”
What is the problem with making
serial connections?
Serial interfaces are supposed to be
the simplest way to move data
between differring computer
equipment. However, the variety of
standards and options can be
bewildering and usually documentation
is cither misleading or impenetrably
technical, Too often it is both.
The idea of this column is to
collect members’ experience and
publish it for the benefit of all the
members. Let me repeat that:
members’ experience, not just mine.
Please feel free to add to or challenge
anything you see here.
T would love to see comments on
the equipment that you use,
communications software. Perhaps
someone would clarify RS 422 and
423, Has anyone got practical
experience of non-ASCII things like
Telex, Fax, Radio Teletype and
Videotex? Does anybody actually
know anything about the Apple
Desktop Bus?
The phrase “Standard RS 232
interface” in an advertisement often
tests the Trades Descriptions Act.
Now, although there is a written
document, consulting it is unlikely to
resolve many problems, since
manufacturers tend to “improve” on
the standard. For better or worse, RS
232 is the basis for most of the serial
interfaces that we are presently likely
to encounter and so I shall begin by
considering the requirements for
making an “RS 232” connection.
The Electronic Industries
Association RS 232C defines signal
names, voltages and
sequences, for two way transfer of a
series of data bits.
The standard specifies the use of a
25 way connector, and a DB 25 is the
de facto standard. 20 of the 25 pins has
a name and a possible function,
athough most are not usually needed. I
shall be referring here to signals on the
standard 25 way connector, which can
be translated into other pin-outs. “RS
232 compatible” signals appear on a
wide variety of sockets, including the
8 and 9 way offerings on Macs and a 6
way telephone-type socket on the QL.
(Collecting some data on pinouts
would be useful.)
‘The sense of the connector, male or
female, is not actually specified,
leading to a market for short “gender
changer” cables with either plugs or
sockets at both ends, These are wired
straight through, but you should check
that all the pins you need are actually
connected - 25 core cable is rare and
Pricey.
The equipment salesmen also offer
a nice line in special “Break-out
boxes” for analysing the signals
fighting on the various wires. These
may be cost-effective for call-out
technicians, but most problems can be
overcome with careful thinking and
access to the equipment manuals.
One good thing about this interface
is that it seems to be highly resilient
to damage by human error in cable
connections, but the usual “It's
entirely your responsibility” disclaimer
must apply.
‘The starting point is the hardware
documentation. We need to know
whether each unit is a DTE or a DCE,
‘What? Well the standard refers to the
connection between a Terminal, (DTE
or as I prefer to
say T type - avoiding confusion with
the signal names), and a
Communications unit, (such as a
modem and referred to in the standard
as a DCE; I call it C type). Your
printer, plotter, Apple 2 card or
whatever could be either.
T and C types are like male and
female, and in a nice simple world one
type of connector would be defined for
each. In this world, there is a richer
variety of experience. For example,
pin 2 carries the Transmitted Data and
is called TxD, and pin 3 the Received
Data, RxD. All signals are defined
with respect to a T type. So data for
transmission over the comms link
goes out of pin? of a T type and into
pin 2 of aC type. Data received by the
C type appears on it's pin 3, to be
input to pin 3 of the T type. Easy
really.
But to connect two T types
together, or two C types together, is
not expected by the standard. In these
cases, pin 2 of one must then be
connected to pin 3 of its mate.
So it is vital to identify each part
of your equipment as C or T type.
Without this knowledge, you simply
cannot say whether a pin is used as
input or output, even though you
know its name. It pays to read things
very carefully indeed. Even the
manufacturers of the excellent WS
4000 modem, surely a C type,
advertise that it has an “EIA RS 232C
/ CCITT V24 compatible DTE
interface” - a T type? Study of the pin
2 2
3 3
o—_—————_ 4
5 ————— §
"6
a———————_ 20
7 7
T type to C type
4 2
3s _ 3
4 4
sa EL,
6 6
| =a
vA Z
Fake handshaking
NOanRwoNn
Nearwon
0
Null modem
24
‘Apple2000_- April 1967
Buy an Apple Ilcs Monochrome System from Holdens at £995.00
- and you'll get more than you bargained for!
(
Q. What's the difference between the lls on the left and the Iles on the right?
A. The one on the right is supplied by Holdens and has an Apple 1MB Ram Card fitted!
(Most of the spectacular programs designed only to run on the
GS require at least 512K of Memory. GraphicWriter and
PaintWorks are two such programs. As more and more powerful
applications are produced for the GS then the need for a large
RAM Card grows. The GS uses 800K disks, and it is often
desirable to be able to dump the entire contents of a disk on to
a RAM Card. The answer to all these problems is to fit a 1MB
Monochrome Sista
comprises Apple LIGS
Computer with Monitor
and 800K Disk Drive.
*
Genuine Apple IGS
RAM Card with full
IMB on board for only
\Ram Card in your GS.
£175.00
eA
(APPLE GS
Apple IIGS 256K
Apple Drive 3.5
Apple Drive 5.25
Apple Hard Disk 20SC
Apple Hard Disk 40SC
Apple Mono Monitor
Apple RGB Colour Monitor
Apple SCSI Interface Card
Apple SCSI Peripheral Cable
Apple Peripheral Adaptor Cabl
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