Apple Orchard v5n5 1984 Jun

TV’s | Whiz Kids Customizing _JAppleWriter Apples In Radio Apple Wizard Mail Order Or Not 06 7148602438 a International Apple Core { we JUNE 1984 cocoa §69$$3.25 U.S. £2.80 U.K. The Premier Magazine for Apple Computer Users Apple’s Newest- The //c! , SECOND ‘\ PRIZE (25 winners) A Bell & Howell 35mm camera. The 35) complete with fine Lumina lens completely elim- inates complicated focusing. (100 winners) . Camouflage Nylon Duffle Bag. This handsome bag is water repellent and double reinforced at all stress points. And thousands of Elephant Safari camou- flage T-shirts featuring the Elephant logo. ENTER THE ELEPHANT SAFARI EPSTAKES. GRAND PRIZE (1 winner) An exciting two week adventure for two to a wild game preserve in Kenya, Africa. The trip includes airfare, luxurious accommodations, meals, j tips, and taxes. j FIRST PRIZE (5 winners) A Deluxe Camping Pack- age featuring an 8’ x 10’ Wenzel Cabin Tent, four Wenzel sleeping bags, plus a Coleman lantern, stove and cooler. HOW TO ENTER No purchase necessary. Just come into a participating Elephant Safari Sweepstakes dealership where you wil find free entry blanks and official rules. While you're there, check out our full line of quality e Elephant memory disks and accom- panying products. Entries must be received by July 31, 1984. Void where prohibited. For the Elephant | Dennison | dealer nearest you, ee call 1-800-343-8413. In Massachusetts, call collect 617-769-8150. ELEPHANT NEVER FORGETS Circle HelpCard No. 11 eonimunications software offers xibility, speed or ease of use. Whether you're a business professional dialing up far There’s an easy to and distant places or an at home user talking on the local understand manual and bulletin board, you'll love the variety of features throughout the program only ASCII Express gives you. you'll find help menus that Exclusive to ASCII Express are features make using the such as the most extensive macro library 4 ASCII Express an for unattended call-up and receiving of = absolute dream. information, a text editor for composing Thy learn how the ASCIL messages without a word processor, and Express can take you to paradise, see your it handles data transfer at speeds up to local dealer, or call UNITED SOFTWARE 9600 baud. INDUSTRIES at 213-556-2211. The ASCII Express supports a full ASK FOR ASK-EE range of 80-column boards and printer * Available for Apple, ml interfaces. It allows the sending of elec- tronic mi and it has the ability to —— — IBM PC, IBM compatibles, emulate over a dozen different terminals. CP/M 80 and CP/M 86 machines. Apple, IBM ar trademarks of Apple Computer Ine. and International Business Mas Circle HelpCard No.37 EDITOR /PUBLISHER Peter C. Weiglin MANAGING EDITOR Gene Wilson SENIOR EDITOR Morgan P. Caffrey SENIOR EDITOR Lenore Wolgelenter EDUCATION EDITOR Joyce Conklin COPY EDITOR Nicole Lefcourt-Bolt ADVERTISING COORDINATOR Cindy C. Mack ART DIRECTOR Mark J. Eaton CONTRIBUTING EDITORS Mark L. Crosby Neil D. Lipson, P. E. A. S. (Woody) Liswood Barry D. Bayer Mike Kramer BUSINESS MANAGER Joanne Short. CIRCULATION MANAGER, Dawn Brown ACCOUNTING MANAGER Ellen Roznar CUSTOMER SERVICE Eva Baragona ADVERTISING DIRECTOR Jay Eisenberg JE Publishers’ Representative Company 6855 Santa Monica Blvd. Los Angeles, CA 90038 (218) 467-2266 Boston - (617) 437-7628 Chicago - (312) 445-2489 Dallas - (214) 660-2253 Denver - (303) 595-4381 ‘New York - (212) 724-7767 San Francisco - (415) 864-3252 Address for all subscriptions, correspondence, Apple Orchard P.O. Box 6502 Cupertino, CA 95015 (408) 252 - 0902 ‘APPLE ORCHARD (ISSN 0277 - 1950) is published monthly for the International Apple Core by Orehard Potentials, Inc., 20823 Stevens Creek Blvd., Building 8C Suite A, Cupertino, CA 95014. Second Class Postage paid at Cupertino, CA and additional entry points. Subscription Rates(U.S. funds}: $24.00 for] year, $45.00 for 2 years in the U. S..FPO & APO: $30.00-1 yr. $55.00-2 yi Canada; $36.00 (surface), $48.00 (airmail) in Mexico, Central America, Caribbean Islands, Phillippines, Samoa; $36.00 face), $60.00 (airmail) in South America, Europe, North Africa: $36.00 (surface), $72.00 (airmail) in Asia, Middle East, South Africa, Australia. “Apple” and the Apple logo are trademarks of Apple Computer, Ing, The opinions expressed herein are those of the authors, and. do not necessarily represent the views of the Publisher or of the IAG, While we appreciate the co-operation of Apple Computer, Ine. and other organizations, APPLE ORCHARD does not neees- sarily represent the views of any of these companies. Our exis- tence derives from the thousands of Apple users; itis their interests which we serve. Hot Stuff for the A roundup of whi Foreign Tauecage Word Processing with Screonwite Il- ward eyes Breaking a different language barrier. Apple’s New //c— Peter C. Weiglin __ Here's the computer for the rest of the rest of us. 3 ’ //e Obscura — Gene Wilson It’s all part of Apple’s plan. sured 3 processor. Ibert Chu st Apples — Lenore Wolgelenter machines ae high ratings. ages worth seeing all at ‘once? Travel With Your Apple . Call (800) 847-4176! »— Zs Storage & Carrying Case : wit gs Removable Cover ‘ $69.50" *UPS Shipping Included. Apple @ IBM @ Epson Call for Complete Computer Case Catalog. Credit Card Customers Call Toll Free Fiberbilt Ikelheimer-Ernst, Inc. 601 West 26th Street New York, New York 10001-1199 (212) 675-5820 (NY.C. area) Circle HelpCard No. 19 FOR APPLE II (ETC.)COMPATIBLES HOT APPLE PI $39.95 This is a deluxe version of our Pi TO n PLACES program. It works the same, but is intended more for educational uses, as the history of Pi is presented, along with an explanation of how Pi is computed and how the program works. In addition, if the user has a Thunderclock, the process can be timed. Calculates Pi to any number of places you desire, with range deter- mined by RAM size (48K limit approx. 7500). Fastest of its kind, even though in BASIC (so you can list and understand it). STARSHIP MISSION SIMULATOR = $39.95 Floating Point version of the original “STAR TREK” game with nice new modifications. Simulates real time combat (if you don't react in time, the enemy does not wait for you before attacking again) and allows for faster data entry. More realistic scoring and rules. Hi-res introductory graphic provide “prized” images in a kinetic display. But the most important feature is the 30 odd page manual, fully illustrated and covering all known versions of the program. Its style is as entertaining as the script of a movie, and thousands have been sold to collectors who never even saw a computer! This is the only manual available for “TREK”, and to our knowledge, no other source for the original TREKS exists. IMAGE MANIPULATOR $39.95 This Apple I! HI-RES Graphics utility makes it easy to marry images (dou- ble expose) or invert colors. The effects follow the memory map, and are interruptible so as to allow creation of venetian blind results. Storing, Load- ing, Viewing, and Manipulating images to/from page 1/2, and even toggling between page 1 and 2 rapidly for a neon sign effect, is all handled with single keystroke simplicity. FUN! ORDER toll free (VISA and Master Card only) 1-800-547-5006, or enclose check with order. Sorry no COD orders accepted. Please allow two to four weeks for delivery. Dealer and club pricing available on request. Add $2.00 for shipping and handling. EXPANDING SPACE SOFTWARE 4639 SE 34th, Portland, OR 97202 Circle HelpCard No. 15 4 Apple Orchard -June 1984 Textfile This is the issue of Apple Orchard which we alluded to earlier: the one in which the Apple //e would be introduced. Again, our coverage is more than superficial, thanks to the people at Apple; you are the beneficiary. The //c represents a real break for the personal com- puter marketplace. Like the Macintosh, it’s a “sealed” machine; the case is not to be opened by the user. The documentation and tutorials are thorough and attractive. The bottom line is likely to be that the //e will outsell every personal computer on the market so far, and that the buyers will be a broader cross-section of the popula- tion. We could be at the beginning of another revolution, and we're happy to share it with you here. As you know, retail prices are not fixed, so there is a fairly wide price range for Apple computers and other products, depending on where you are and when you're buying. Mail Order computer merchandise has become a big business, but the controversy that led Apple to a non- mail order policy still rages. Mike Wendland takes a calm look at the situation in this issue. In two separate articles this month, Lenore Wolgelenter looks at the broadcasting industry and the Apple com- puter, Television production and radio station manage- ment are not the same, but both benefit from the “offstage” power of the computer. Albert Chu’s article on “3 EZ Pieces” could just as well have been written about an Apple //e-//e product called “AppleWorks”; they’re the same thing. By whatever name, it’s the best thing to come along for Apples yet. With our ///, data bases up to 180K or 3,000 records ean be created and handled. With the spreadsheet and word processor as part of the package, it’s great. We'll be covering these integrated programs in greater depth. There’s more: product reviews and tips for Macintosh, Apple ///, and Apple //. Also a surprise for Pascal addicts, and some how-to-do-it material on AppleWriters // and ///. That H-P printer looks like an ideal mate to a //c (battery-powered), but there’s no serial interface yet. H-P folks say it’s coming. Enjoy — and let us know how we can make Apple Orchard even better. —PCW something no modem has ever said before. If youre looking for a premium modem News reports. Dow Jones averages. without a premium price, heres a word of advice: — Sports scores. Closing prices on pork bellies. | Apple. You can send electronic mail. Play games. Introducing the Apple’ Modem 300. And, to Bank at home. Make friends. Influence people. keep up with the busi- Find the lowest air fares for business trips. Or do ness world, our faster almost anything else you like. Apple Modem 1200. And since the computer age happens to Inside, theyre pack- coincide with the plastic age, you can charge your ed with all the technical Apple Modem with an Apple Credit Card. wizardry you would want Which, along with the low price, makes in an intelligent modem. buying an Apple Modem as much fun as using one. Auto-dial. Auto-answer. That's something no modem has ‘ooriaicmdradsojome” Built-in error diagnostics. been able to say before, And compatibility with all the latest advanced either. communications software. But the real message is located outside, due north of the little green light. That one familiar symbol tells you as much as a gigabyte of specs. It says Apple quality. Apple technology. And in the unlikely event you should need it, Apple service. It also means total compatibility with what- ever Apple you own. Particularly since we include The cable plone cord and the right accessory kit to get any system in our line feud eco on line. Immediately. bear ee tes We even give you a subscription offer to THE SOURCE” and a free demonstration of Compu- Serve’ Together, they let you access almost any eee ae ea eu ds of weet subject known to mainframes. those who use Apples. For an authorized Apple dealer nearest you call (800) 538-9696. tn Canada, call (800) 268-7796 or (800) 268-7637. © 1984 Apple Computer, Inc. Apple and the Apple logo are registered trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. CompuServe is a registered trademark of CompuServe Corp. THE SOURCE isa servicemark of Source TeleComputing Corporation, a subsidiary of The Reader's Digest Association, Inc. Dave Alpert Harlan G. Felt Louis H. Milrad Allen G. Sneider Joseph H. Budge Kenneth D. Silverman Stephen Lloyd (Region 1) Jim Simpson (Region 2) Mike Kramer (Region 3 & 4) Bob Sander-Cederlof (Region 3 & 4) Barry Bayer (Region 5) Neil Lipson (Region 6) Robert Ramsdell (Region 7) Tom Wysocki (Region 8) Roger Keating Auby Mandell Dr. Steve Bellamy Coordinator: Louis H. Milrad 15 Sydnor Rd. Willowdale, Ont, Canada M2M 279 (416) 222-8447 Agriculture Susie Allen 1055 Saratoga-Sunnyvale Rd Sunnyvale CA 94087 (408) 746-0626 Apple /// Don Norris 1850 Union St # 494 San Francisco CA 94123 (415) 921-3774 Calc Applications John C. Hunter 58 McClure Crescent Scarborough, ONT Canada MiB 1J6 (416) 292-2590 Data Management Malcolm Slovin 10515 Tabor St # 1 Los Angeles CA 90034 (213) 837-3741 Dental Ellis D. Neiburger 33263 N Cove Wildwood IL_ 60030 (312) 244-0292 COMMITTEES IAC Librarian Software Club Activities New Club Assistance International Apple Core Officers President. Vice - President Vice - President Regional Directors (812) 648 - 1794 (408) 554 - 5211 (416) 222 - 8447 Treasurer (617) 742 - 6100 Secretary (408) 554 - 5071 Executive Director (408) 727 - 7652 Region Information Region Area (415) 571-7370 1 CA zips 94100 & up, WA, OR, NV, HI, AK, & American Samoa (805) 492-3391 2 Southern California, zips 93999 & lower (713) 358-6687 3 AZ, MN, TX, OK, AR, MO, LA, MS, TN (214) 324-2050. 4 ID, UT, MT, WY, CO, ND, SD, NE, KS, MN, IA (812) 798-6496 5 WI, IL, MI, IN, KY (215) 356-6183 6 PA, NJ, FL (617) 546-3104 7 ME, CT, MA, NH, RI, VT, NY, DC (216) 942-7086 8 OH, WV, MD, DE, VA, NC, SC, GA, AL P.O. Box 448 (612) 389 - 2994 Double Bay 2048, NS W Australia 409 Queen St. W. (416) 593 - 9862 Toronto, Ont. Canada M5V 2A5 #402, 5-7-18 Tajiri 0473 - 79 - 3610 Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan Investments Special Interest Groups John McMullen Education Ted Perry 2331 Rainbow Ave Sacramento CA 95821 (916) 485-1690 Family David Stern 6921 Old Stage Rd Rockville MO 20852 (801) 881-2543 Games Jim Eatherly 3342 18th St NW Washington DC 20010 (202) 232-6046 Lincoln MA 01773 (617) 259-9710 Perry St, Jefferson Valley New York NY 10535 (914) 245-2734 Laboratory Applications Dr. Jaime Prilusky San Martin 7500; 5503 Carrodilla Mendoza ARGENTINA Languages Ed Titlebaum 674 Quaker Meeting House Rd Honeoye Falls NY 14472 (716) 275-4061 Lisa Gene Pope 3901 S Elkhart St Aurora CO 80014 (303) 690-7559 Medical Office Management Alexander Kleider 28 West King's Highway Sioux City 1A 51104 Medical Services & Education Telecommunications Or. Terry Mikiten 7703 Floyd Curl Dr. San Antonio TX 78284 (612) 691-6367 Craig Vaughan 7927 Jones Branch Dr # 400 Mc Lean VA 22102 (703) 471-0572 Maj. Terry N. Taylor (218) 372 - 4134 Dr. Charles Smith (416) 297 - 3575 Ransom Fields (415) 863 - 1093 Karen Zinsmeister (408) 727 - 7652 6 Apple Orchard—June 1984 (Viclex, ULTRATERM? JUST ASK THE PROFESSIONALS! With the wide variety of peripherals available, it’s dif- ficult to evaluate the quality of accessories for your Ap- ple. Listen to what the pro- fessionals say about Ultra- Term. BYTE—FEB. ‘84 “Overall, the UltraTerm display card is one of the best peripheral devices | have seen to enhance the display capabilities of the Apple.”—P. Callamaras SOFTALK—SEPT. ‘83 “The UltraTerm shines brightest in use with spread- sheets and word processors.” COMPUTER RETAILING —FEB. ‘84 “The UltraTerm is a high quality investment for anyone who has an Apple product and wants to add to it” PEELINGS II—VOL. 4. NO. 8 ‘83 “The UltraTerm will be the new industry standard for Apple video display cards. The availability of the extra modes will enhance almost any software product that uses the text screen.” PERSONAL COMPUTING —MAY ‘83 “Perhaps the most im- pressive achievement of the UltraTerm expansion board is that the character set it produces is so sharp that its difficult to see the dots that make up each character.” The experts agree—the UltraTerm is one of the best display devices for Apple computers. Videx Inc. 1105 NE Circle Blvd. Corvallis, OR 97330 (503) 758-0521 68000 Mainframe architecture is now -McMILL features the r 8 “member of the M68000 family, and offers board that: -AMITHL-ALL, 65000 PROGRAMS, MAKING YOUR APPLE A “Features ultimate efficiency in design & le HelpCard No.38 available for 8 bit systems with McMILL. M . new MC68008 — MeMIILL is the 68008 based copr Apple ll, lle users ano frills, low cost 68000 —_*Fits into any slot on Appl compatible, based development system. : +*Uses Apple memory and cl _ LEARN MORE ABOUT THE “HEART” OF THE LISA & MACIN- €502/68008 coprocessing. _TOSH SYSTEMS WHILE STAYING WITH YOUR PRESENT OR “Comes with ready to run 6% ee e 2 6502/68000 MACR ‘ fi hi i MemiLt ts BOTH SOURCE & OBJECT CODE CoMPanipLE —_CaMTS a fll one year harclware warra }ASED DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM! with a fully loaded system for UNDER. To order, see your local dealer or contact: TOON Reuse NOEs Lisa/Macinosh, Apple are rademars of Apple Computer nc. Fig Forth fered as public domain fiom Moumiaivlew Press, 9502068000 Cross Assembler from S.C Software Corp. MeL, trademark o Seaton fo Ine Q - Circle HelpCard No. 33 “I made slides for my lecture in minutes using ajoystick and FLYING COLORS:” — Dr. John Osborn It was easy for Dr. Osborn to prepare for his lecture. He sat down at his Apple (it could have been a Commodore 64 too) and drew with the joystick using elastic lines and automatic rectangles and circles. Presto. Then he filled in the colors. Zip. Zip. Next, he typed in labels with Flying Colors Alpha Mode. After he photographed the screen with Polaroid instant slide film he was ready. Of course, for smaller groups he can run the “Slide Show” feature and use = the computer for presentations. PRE us It's a snap with FLYING na COLORS. $39.95" At your dealer’s now or call toll free (800) 874-1888. In Californi (415) 331-3022. « also available with automatic printout routines for $69.95. 4 Circle HelpCard No.41 Another creation from Planting A Seed More Bread, Less Circus I think we watched an era end a few weeks ago, even as the era of the Apple //e is beginning. Follow along with me for a few minutes and let’s see if there’s a connection. A phenomenon of the microcomputer explosion has been the User Show. The first of these was eight years ago when a fellow named Jim Warren organized the West Coast Computer Faire. That first Faire in San Francisco mostly featured hobbyist-businessmen at card tables in small booths. It also featured much interaction among people with a common interest. As more people bought microcomputers, the West Coast Faire grew in number of exhibitors and attendees. Mr. Warren took to wearing roller skates to improve his mobility about the expanded exhibit area. Other folks said, ‘“‘Why can’t we put on a show too?”, and promptly did. The most successful of these was a Boston businessman named Jerry Milden, who organized the series of Applefests around the country in 1982 and 1983. Mr. Milden will never win the Nobel Prize for diplomacy, but you have to respect his accomplishments. Meanwhile, local shows and swap meets have been proliferating. Both the local and the larger shows have been becoming more “commercial.” The seminars and speeches became less and less visible. The fish market atmosphere (and aroma) was becoming more and more common. More people started coming to the shows not to see what’s new, but to get a deal on something. Meanwhile, the microcomputer industry has its own trade shows, the largest of which is the Fall Comdex in Las Vegas. The trend there too is away from improving the merits of a product or its quality and toward pure hoopla. At the most recent Comdex, there was as much talk about packaging as about programming. Many exhibitors said that they didn’t go to Comdex so much because they wanted to, but because they felt they “had” to. That left the West Coast Faire as the only show with the cachet of originality, right? Wrong. Last year, Mr. Warren hung up his skates and sold the Faire to East- ern Interests. The new owners promptly adopted a more dignified image, and raised the rates. They wound up bragging about “spacious aisles”, but that really meant there were fewer exhibitors. Press reports and feedback from some exhibitors indicate that attendance was down (why not, with shows popping up about once a week?) and that business was, in a word, “lousy”. 8 Apple Orchard-June 1984 An outstanding exception at both Comdex and the West Coast Faire, by the way, was Apple Computer, whose booth attracted the largest crowds. They demonstrated what was new and generated a good deal of the excitement singlehandedly. But most companies, understandably unwilling to put together a 52-week travelling “Show Unit”, are clearly re-evaluating the value of these shows to their business, and they're cut- ting back. Why? There’s the connection with the Apple //c. What made the Faires, Fests, Ramas, ete. attractive, it seems, was the technical novelty of the microcomputer, and the large percentage of the market that was com- posed of enthusiasts. Without enthusiasts, there’s just less enthusiasm. The Apple //c is not an enthusiast’s computer, because it’s not expandable. The computer shows are proving not to be a cost-effective way to reach the mass market. They're contractable. The smart show promoters are beginning to focus on segments of the market, and it’s a reasonable bet that shows will generally be smaller and more focused hereafter. But the //e could be the machine that sparks the real personal computer revolution in the world. That’s more important than any show, which is why the emerging era is more important than the one that’s ending. i a a are a a _ Subscription cards 1 YEAR SUBSCRIPTION 12 ISSUES USA CANADA ELSEWHERE LC] e00 C1 3%0 C] S360 LA 28%0 Wi ort cone) Name Address. City. State Zip C Check/Money Order Interbank No. CLIT] 4-digit number above your name on MasterCard C] MasterCard Charge CardNo. LTT TTT TTTITTTIITITIIT 0 visa Credit Card Card Signature Expires Payment must accompany order and must be made in U.S. funds and drawn on U.S. bank. Make check payable to APPLE ORCHARD. Fidp Stamp Out Magazine Tht... Give one of | these coupons to people who "Borrow your copy. Er...this is your copy isn't it? 1 YEAR SUBSCRIPTION 12 ISSUES USA CANADA ELSEWHERE 1 2 1 F 1 Surf - $36.00 CL) ieio0 C1 S80 LC] ssb:00 C1 8e%0 (Welle for alr mall rates.) Name Address City State Zip. (1 Check/Money Order Interbank No. LITT] adit number above your name on MasterCard CD MasterCard Charge CardNo._LLT TTT TTTTITTITIT IIIT) 0 visa Credit Card Card Signature _ Expires. Payment must accompany order and must be made in U.S. funds and drawn on U.S. bank. Make check payable to APPLE ORCHARD. ‘ai | | | | NO POSTAGE, NECESSARY | IF MAILED IN THE | UNITED STATES BUSINESS REPLY MAIL FIRST CLASS PERMIT NO. 626 CUPERTINO, CA | POSTAGE WILL BE PAID BY ADDRESSEE S I Apple Orchard P.O. Box 6502 Cupertino, CA 95015 | (ha se te ss ss ey ss ei se ee me “er ce ee of Subscription cards Hp Stamp Out Magazine Theh.. Give onc of these coupons to people who Borrow’ your copy. Er...this is your copy isnt it? ea ee eect ee ae ee ee eee re = II! ! NO POSTAGE | NECESSARY | IF MAILED I IN THE UNITED STATES | ——~2 BUSINESS REPLY MAIL —__— FIRST CLASS PERMIT NO. 626 CUPERTINO, CA ———— POSTAGE WILL BE PAID BY ADDRESSEE RUS eee ak ae | = ened ! _—s — || Apple Orchard =: _—| ——== | =— P.O. Box 6502 ————— Cupertino, CA 95015 —— I | I | | Ask The Apple Wizard by Philip Chien “Technically-oriented” questions should be sent to: Apple Orchard P.O. Box 6502 Cupertino, CA 95015 Attention: Apple Wizard (This is a monthly (more or less) solu- tion column. The Apple Wizard will try to answer questions of general interest. No questions will be answered outside the limits of this column, and no materials will be returned. NO attempt will be made to provide “free consulting service’! However, the Apple Wizard hopes that answers pro- vided in this column will give you a greater understanding of your comput- ing environment.) I have a Z-80 card in my sys- Q tem, and it doesn’t seem to “like” other cards in my system. When I upgraded my 56K CP/M to the 60K version, the system hangs when I try to boot the master disk. A: Put your Z-80 card into another e slot. The Z-80 card is a very temperamental device, and it is sensi- tive to the timing cycle of the Apple’s bus. Changing the slot of the Z-80 card puts it into a different phase of the Apple’s timing cycle, and may cor- rect the problem. Don’t forget to turn off the Apple’s power before removing or inserting any card. As a general rule, if a slot indepen- dent card is giving you problems, try a different slot. e quite excellent, and I’ve learned how to program quite well in BASIC, but I want to know more about how to use my machine. How can I learn? Q: Apple's BASIC manuals are If you buy Apple Pascal, you A: get an excellent Pascal tutorial (It is also available separately from McGraw Hill). If you are interested in learning more about the hardware in your machine, then Quality Software has a book on the Apple's circuitry “Un- derstanding the Apple II”. If you want to know more about DOS then Quality Software has a book titled “Beneath Apple DOS”. If you want to learn machine language, then Sierra Online Systems has a combination kit: the LISA assembler (the program used to edit and compile machine language code), an excellent book, and a set of machine language utilities “SPEED ASM”. There are also several other good books out, and many local colleges are starting to teach micro-computer languages. and my company just upgraded it’s phone system. It used to work, but now it doesn’t! Q: Ihave a Hayes Micromodem II, The DC Hayes Micromodem AXE wil only pulse dial. It has no way to produce the DTMF tones needed for Touch Tone operation. Undoubtedly, your phone system will only accept Touch Tone signals. Either upgrade your modem to a modem which is Touch Tone compat- ible (e.g. Hayes Smartmodem, or Mi- eromodem //e, Novation Apple Cat, ete.) or do the following each time you use the modem: Get a Y-modular jack (from any electronics shop or phone store) and put a normal Touch Tone phone into one jack, and the micromodem into the other jack. Use the normal phone to dial the system you want to get on to. Put the Micromodem into terminal mode, and dial the phone number “1”. This will setup the Micromodem, and prepare it to receive data (The 1 is a dummy digit). Wait until you get a carrier; hit return on the Apple’s keyboard, and hang up the phone. Then proceed nor- mally. Don’t forget that you can’t use the normal phone while online with another system. (Touch Tone is a registered trade- mark of Bell Labs.) , How can I dump a Hires pic- Q: ture from programs which don’t support Hires dumps? A: If you can exit the program e WITHOUT erasing memory, then you can boot a HIRES dump pro- gram, or send the proper commands to a graphics interface card. With Pascal 1.1 programs, (eg. Business Graphics, PFS Graph, etc.) you can hit RESET to exit the pro- gram, and either boot a dump pro- gram, or type in the proper commands. If you have a graphics dump inter- face card, and you are programming your own graphics (e.g. an Apple LOGO program), then you can send the graphics card the proper control characters to dump the graphics. , How can I use the double Hires Q: graphies on my Apple //e? First, you have to determine Att what ‘revision motherboard your Apple //e has. On the artwork of the motherboard, near the slots, is a revision number. It will end in either an A or B. If the //e was purchased before April ‘83, then it is probably a Rev A motherboard, in which case bring the //e back to the dealer where you bought it, and request (politely) for an upgrade to Rev B specs. Second, you need an extended memory, 80-column card. You can use either the Apple card, another man- ufacturer’s, or an RGB //e card with the extended memory, or another memory card. Third, you must remove the jumper on the memory card. The manual for the card should help you determine where the jumper is. Fourth, you need software which will support the double Hires graphics. There are several demo pro- grams available in magazines, some utilities coming out on the market, and some newer commercial pro- grams will use the double Hires if you have it. No, unfortunately, you can’t use the double Hires on an Apple II. e Apple Orchard- June 1984 11 “HOT STUFF” For The Apple /// Software/Hardware for your Apple by Don Norris his is a look at what is happening in the Apple /// software and hardware world and those developers producing products taking specific advantage of some of the Apple /// features. One of the built-in features of the Apple /// is software definable keys such as the Open Apple Key and the Control key. Software developers are beginning to take advantage of this capability. One example of user definable function keys are the glossaries you can create with AppleWriter. After you define the glossary, by simply pressing Open Apple and another character, you can create over 52 special functions. Version 2.0 of AppleWriter lets you include CONTROL characters in your glossary files. For example, since I use both AppleWriter and Word Juggler, I have defined the “.”(dot) key on the 10 key numeric pad to print a document in AppleWriter so it is now standardized with Word Juggler. This way when I am print- ing from either word processing program I can print in nearly the same way with either one. The specific sequence I have developed for AppleWriter is as follows: [G]?.[P]PR[N] ] [P]NP] The square brackets around a character represent a CON- TROL character, such as [6]. The right square bracket “]”’ is acarriage return. The use of this is explained on page 53, in Volume Two of the new AppleWriter Manual. 12 Apple Orchard-June 1984 The definition of this sequence is the following: [G]?., creates the glossary entry “.” on the numeric keypad, [P]PR[N] ] prints to the console the ASCII equivalent of [5] on the numeric keypad, which turns off the video output so that the document will be “print ed” to the spooler faster, [P]NP] then prints the document in my case to “spool”, which is the printer destination under the print/program menu of AppleWriter. I have created another sequence which runs the Apple Speller Program by pressing one key on the numeric pad. Another example of definable function keys is the [K] sequences you can create with Advanced Version Visicale. For each model I use with Advanced Version VisiCalc, I define a sequence so that when I press [K] S the model is automatically saved by its pathname and filename. Sure beats entering /SS(Pathname)/(filename) every time you want to save a model. Several software companies writing software and some brief descriptions are listed below: Sun Data Products 95 West 100 South Logan, Utah 84321 (801) 752-7631 LIFESTAF, a program which enables life insurance agents to make sophisticated forecasts of individual's life insurance requirements based upon the financial informa- tion supplied by the insurance buyer. The program enables the agent or other financial advisor to make changes in the information and determine the results with the program’s “what if’ capability. PRINTER DRIVER ///. Allows most printers to be used with most printer interface cards designed for the Apple . The driver can be customized to a particular inter- face card by changing the configuration block using the Sys- tem Utilities Program. In addition, included are drivers already configured for the following cards: Epson APL Apple] [Parallel Tymac PPC-100 Microtek RV-611C MPC Orange Micro Grappler interface Orange Micro Grappler Plus Microtek Apple Dumpling - GX Microtek Dumpling-64 Buffer/spooler There are three ways to learn 6502 Assembly Language on your Apple Computer: Hard Easy Easiest OTHER ASSEMBLERS LISA v2.6 You can't deny that learning assembly is extremely important for you if you want to make the most of your work. If assembly language wasn't so important, why are almost all of the top selling programs available for the Apple Il written in assembly language? But let's face it, learning 6502 assembly language isn't a piece of cake. At least not until now. Because now there's the LISA Education Package” from Lazerwaré. It'll have you up to speed with assembly language in a fraction of the time it would otherwise take. The LISA Ed Pac™ begins with LISA v2.6, the favorite assembler of beginners and professionals alike. More Apple owners have learned 6502 assembly language using LISA than all the other assemblers combined. More tutorial material is available for LISA, including books by D. Fudge, R. Hyde, W. Maurer, and R. Mottola. Randy Hyde's 300-page Using 6502 Assembly Language is included in the LISA Ed Pac™ in SPEED/ASM", aset of 6502 subroutines that make programing in assembly language as easy as BASIC. And for those who want to 's done, the SPEED/ASM source listings are also included. We also included the LUD #1 (Lisa Utility Disk #1) which includes an extended editor for LISA and a LISA source file listing utility. Finally, we added MAXWELL’S Debugger” to the LISA Ed Pac. This ultra-powerful debugger/monitor makes learning and debugging 6502 assembly language a breeze. For a copy of La Note: Circle HelpCard No.19 © Practical Peripherals Microbuffer ] [ This driver also enables you to take full advantage of features in Apple Writer such as underlining and superscripting with your Epson printers. In addition it will work even with obscure and discontinued printers such as the Epson TX 80. EASYTERM ///. Communication program enabling you to send files to and receive files from a remote computer directly or via modem. INFONET. An information network software program written for novice to expert computer users. This program was designed for organizations who need a method of elec- tronic communications between themselves and other com- puter users. This program will allow your Apple /// to act as an electronic bulletin board/message center. The program can accommodate over 1,000 users depending upon the amount of room on your disk drive. PSCREEN. Allows printing of Apple /// text and graphics screens to an Epson or Apple’s Silentype printer. It also comes with a demo program which allows you to print Apple /// Business Graphics screen files. SOSTRAN. Copies files from Apple] [format to Apple /// (SOS) format. Con- versions include Applesoft and Integer BASIC to Apple /// Business BASIC. Images of the High Resolution graphics screen (also known as Foto or Picture files) can be converted between Apple] [and Apple /// format. SOSTRAN can also list the catalog of any DOS 3.3, Pas- cal, or SOS disk, in case you forget the name of the files you want to transfer. The documentation includes some of the best information I have seen for converting Applesoft programs to Apple /// Business BASIC. Brock Software Products, Inc. P.O. Box 799 Crystal Lake, IL 60014 (815) 459-4210 Brock Software’s Keystroke Database is one of the most exciting pieces of software to be introduced for the ///. For those of you who have not seen it, I suggest you visit your dealer for a demonstration. It is a very powerful, easy- to-use database and report generator package. Keystrokes features include: © a logical menu structure; (menus appear as boxed win- dows over the current work screen) four user selectable key fields access to a 2nd file interface ability to Quickfile, PFS, read and write DIF compatible files up to 4096 characters per record @ 74 character maximum field width © 90 fields per record © copy data into and from all files Interfacing data into and out of Keystroke to other Apple /// software is probably its most powerful feature. In the past other software developers and products have required you to reenter your data when moving from one application or data format to another. My personal feeling is that I enter information into the computer ONCE, and then use software to manipulate it. The Database retails for $249; The Report Generator for $149. 14 Apple Orchard -June 1984 Keystroke will read a DIF file, your PFS and Quick File reports, so you don’t have to reenter data. Keystroke allows you to create your own function keys. Function keys, as I have previously mentioned, condense into one keystroke that would normally take several. Quark, Incorporated 2525 West Evans, Suite 220 Denver, CO 80219 (303) 934-2211 Quark is an example of a company which is concentrating its development efforts on improving their software to take full advantage of specific machines, the Apple ///and //e, rather than trying to adapt their software to fit every new computer to come down the pike. Examples of this are their recently revised Word Juggler, Catalyst 2.0, Lexicheck and Discourse Spooler. Catalyst 2.0, which enables you to have all of your application programs (Word Juggler, VisiCale, Quickfile etc.) loaded onto your profile so you can easily switch be- tween programs without rebooting, has made several enhancements to the program. Probably the most important is that it is virtually self-installing. It automatically per- forms the operations to install most of the popular pro- grams, merely prompting you to put various boot diskettes into the inboard drive when necessary. With Catalyst 2.0 you choose the program you want to run using the up and down arrow keys and then press return. A few seconds later the application you want is loaded into memory. The program has also been modified to work with the Micro-Sei A143 floppy disk drive. Previously the pro- gram required a hard disk drive. Several software companies such a Brock Software Pro- duets, are now including “Quark.Install” with their software to make installation easy. With Quark.Install you merely insert into the built-in disk drive the program disks you want to put onto hard disk and follow the prompts on the screen. Previously, Catalyst users had to add every driver they would be using to the SOS. DRIVER file on the Catalyst Boot Diskette. For example, if you were using a graphics pro- gram such as Graph’N Cale and a communications program such as Access ///, the RS232 and the graphics driver would be using up some of your memory in the ///, even though you have no need for the RS282 driver when you are using Graph 'N Cale. On the other hand, you have no need for the graphics driver when you are working using your modem with Access ///. Version 2.0 of Catalyst gets around this problem with dynamic drivers. These are drivers that are only loaded into memory as you need them for a particular program. In this example, the graphics driver for Graph’N Cale and the RS232 driver for Access ///. Those of you currently using Catalyst with VisiCale will appreciate getting the memory back for your large spreadsheets. A new driver for profile is also included with Catalyst 2.0. It keeps the root directory of your profile in memory, which enables programs such as the Great Plains hard disk accounting system to store and access data faster on the profile. SPEND 5 MINUTES WITH OUR ACCOUNTANT AND YOU'LL FIRE YOURS Introducing TIME IS MONEY.™ A simpler, faster, more flexible personal accounting software package. While people have been over- joyed by the prospect of having their very Own personal computer accountant, so far they’ve been underwhelmed by the products. Some are too complicated; others are little more than toys; still others are too slow and rigid in format. Finally what you hoped for in a personal computer accounting package, TIME IS MONEY delivers. IT’S SIMPLER. TIME IS MONEY uses no codes and no special accounting termi- nology. Simple checkbook balancing with a full statement on-screen. IT’S FASTER. TIME IS MONEY runs with machine language speed so there’s instant access to any transaction or balance. No complex or tedious setup prior to use. IT’S MORE FLEXIBLE. TIME IS MONEY defines, changes or deletes categories and accounts at any time. It grows as your needs grow. IT’S MORE POWERFUL. Tracks up to 240 separate assets and liabilities. 240 types of income from 240 different sources. 240 expense categories with tax deductions. And all you need is an Apple Il, ll+, //e, or compatible computer. Find out why TIME IS MONEY is the best personal accounting soft- ware package on the market. Call or write for a data sheet today. Even better, visit your dealer and try it out for yourself. If you have a spare 5 minutes. 11A Main Street, Watertown, MA 02172 (617)923-4441 ©Copyright 1983 Turning Point Software, Incorporated Apple is the registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. Circle HelpCard No.36 The new version 1.4 of Discourse will allow you to change the order in which your documents are printed out from the spool status. Additionally, the spool status will show you which program your document originated from, ie. VisiCale, AppleWriter, ete.. Word Juggler users will be able to spool documents four times as fast with the new ver- sion 1.4. Additionally, in the event of power failure, Discourse will recover unprinted documents and requeue them for printing. A’ very user friendly feature of this new version of Dis- course is that it is completely self-installing. You merely boot the Discourse diskette and follow the prompts to insert your boot diskettes such as Catalyst, the program then deletes your old spool and spool status drivers and replaces them with the new versions. Sure beats fumbling around with the System Configuration Program. Discourse, incidentally was the first piece of software to make extensive use of the interrupt capabilities built into the Apple ///. Lexicheck has been updated to include a guess feature in which several words are presented in a window for selection as the correct word. An inverse bar you can move selects the proper spelling for the word you want to replace. Microsoft 10700 Northrup Way Bellevue, WA 98004 (206) 828-8080 MicroSoft recently introduced their spreadsheet Mul- tiPlan, and yes, it runs native on the ///. Native meaning a bootable program that uses all of the power of the ///, and does not run in emulation mode, or require a CP/M ecard (Softeard ///). Haba Systems 15154 Stagg Street Van Nuys, CA 91405 (218) 901-8828 /// EZ Pieces, a new, integrated piece of software, along with its Apple version known as AppleWorks, is absolutely fantastic. Those of you familiar with Quick File will recognize the commands and ease of operation. The pro- gram was written by Rupert Lisner, who wrote Quick File. Some features: e@ /// E-Z Pieces is a fully integrated, easy to use Word Processing, Spreadsheet, and Data Base Management System designed exclusively for the Apple /// Computer. Once you've learned one part of /// E-Z Pieces, you've nearly learned them all. All modules use the same com- mands which are displayed on “HELP” screens when you need them. All commands are described in English, not in single character codes. @ With /// E-Z Pieces, word processing is truly easy, and there are no surprises. Text will be printed exactly as you've typed it. View imbedded print commands at the touch of a key. Insert, delete, and move letters, words, lines, sentences, and paragraphs by highlighting the appropriate text, and using simple commands. Find and 16 Apple Orchard—June 1984 replace words (or word strings) quickly and easily. e = /// E-Z Pieces contains all of the features of Quick File and then adds some more. Reports can be in either label or table format. Each record can contain up to 30 categories. Sort time is dramatically faster than other systems. (Approximately 15 seconds for 1500 records!) Plus, you can “cut and paste” information into your Word Processing files because /// E-Z Pieces is fully integrated! @ = The spreadsheet capability of /// E-Z Pieces, up to 999 rows by 126 columns, handles the largest of spread- sheets. To enter larger headings or numbers, change column widths quickly with simple keystrokes. Auto- matically repeat formulas for relative columns or rows. It’s E-Z and fast too. This spreadsheet reads files up to 8 times faster than VisiCalc! I have been using it for several weeks without a manual (still at the printer), and find it to be a very powerful and easy-to-use program. The program with its extensive use of help screens enables you to start using the program produc- tively without extensive reference to a manual. If you have used either VisiCale or Quickfile it is even easier. For ease of use the spreadsheet portion of the program is way ahead of VisiCalc. For example, when you start a spreadsheet you are prompted for the disk drive, pathname and filename the spreadsheet will be stored under. Then when you want to save it just press OPEN APPLE S. This sure beats entering /SS(DRIVE/PATHNAME/FILE- NAME) everytime you want to save a spreadsheet template. Another plus for this program is that it can read the files created by the Apple version and vice versa. This is because the Apple version was written using ProDos the new operat- ing system for the Apple and //e. This will enable those of you with a /// in the office and at home to work on the same files without making any DOS to SOS conversions. Books The Apple /// Book, by Osborne/McGraw-Hill, sells for $17.95. It should be more correctly titled Apple /// Business BASIC because over half of the book is devoted to Business BASIC. If you are looking for a tutorial on Business BASIC this book is it, very clear concise explanations and examples are included in the book. Another recently released book for the Apple ///, Using Apple Business Computers, by Kenniston W. Lord, has an emphasis on Business BASIC from a beginners’ point of view. The book evolves into a series of useful programs for the /// in a small business environment. The program listings include: @ CHART, used to build the chart of accounts @ CUSTOMER, customer file for accounts receivable @ VENDOR, vendor file for accounts payable @ PRODUCT, rudimentary inventory control mechanism @ RECEIVABLE, Provides initial entry, invoice prepara- tion, posting of account records, statements and aging @ INCOME, produces an income statement using pre stored totals from the other files @ BALANCE, produces the balance sheet ake back-up copies of protected software uch, easily, with just a push ofa button. Now! Three different models of the leading copy card. One is right for you. WILDCARD WILDCARD 2 139° WILDCARD PLUS *169* Wildcards are the copycards that stack the deck in your favor. Rather than copying protected disks track by track like the old “nibble copiers,” Wildcards ignore the disk and any copy protection on it. Instead, Wildcards take a snapshot of your Apple’s memory. This creates an accurate copy of the original program. WILDCARD Our original. Perfect for the Apple II + ® with 64K. Over 10,000 satisfied customers. @ Wildcard copies both 48K and 64K programs. @ Wildcard creates DOS 3.3 compatible, autobooting copies. @ 40 column text screen dump. @ Files can be placed on a hard disk. ® Wildcard Utility Disk (included) contains: Automatic program compression and BRUN filemaker, Applesoft recover program—makes locked up Applesoft programs listable. Print graphics screen. WILDCARD 2 Designed for the Apple Ile® with 64K or 128K. § Fast! Copies 64K programs in 25 seconds, 128K programs in 50 seconds. ® New, self-prompting software. Absolutely no technical expertise is required. @ Text screen dump has been enhanced to print 40 or 80 columns. ® Utility Disk is included for making BRUN files. $109" ° WILDCARD PLUS The most powerful utility card you can buy for your Apple. A 6502 microprocessor makes Wildcard Plus the ultimate copy and utility card. » Copycard features: @ Lightning fast. Copies 64K software programs in 10 seconds, 128K software in 20 seconds. Copying software is simple, elegant and flexible. @ You can control the Apple's softswitch settings... Utility card features: @ 4K of RAM on the Wildcard Plus is used to upload powerful Utilities from disk. These utilities include an enhanced monitor that allows you to make program changes and fix program bugs. Another is a screen dump of text and graphics. And more... Order by phone, (212) 505-5470 or complete the coupon below and send your check, money order, | Visa or MasterCard No. to East Side Software Co., 175 Fifth Avenue, Suite 3375, New York, NY 10010. Dealer inquiries welcome. T Please send Gndicate quantity) SSS a _———Wildcard(s) $109.95 each. $. Franklin 1000/1200 owners require mod kit. $8.00 §. (For use with Wildcard only). $. $. Wildcard 2(s) $139.95 each. Wildcard Plus(s) $169.95 each. In U.S, add $4.00 for shipping and handling. Outside U.S. add $10.00. $. | | | | | New York State residents add sales tax. $. | O Check enclosed 1 Visa [1 MasterCard Total $____ | | | | | | | Card No. Expires Name on Card Name ‘Address (UPS delivery) City State Zip Phone. L__EastSide Software Co., 175 Fifth Avenue, Suite 3375, New York, NY 10010 IMPORTANT NOTICE: WILDCARDs are offered for the purpose of enabling you to make archival copies only. Under the Copyright Law you, as the owner Of a copy of a computer program, are entitled to make a new copy for archival purposes only and the WILDCARDS will enable you to do so. WILDCARDS are offered for no other purpose and you are not permitted to utilize them for any other use, other than specified. Software is not copy protected. Circle HelpCard No.13 System requirements: Wildcard: Apple I+ w/64K, Apple Ile, Wildcard 2: Applet, 1+, lle, Wildcard Plus: Apple, Il, I+, Ile. All cards work with Franklin computers. An $8.00 mod kit is required for Franklin 1000, 1200 (for use with Wildcard only). Wildcard, Wildcard 2 and Wildcard Plus are trademarks of East Side Software Co. (© 1963 East Side Sofware Co, Dot Rodent Well that’s what I call it. The /// Mouse, (which is the same as the //e’s mouse), was demonstrated with a soon-to- be-released graphics package. This program is extremely user-friendly. Within minutes first time users were creating all kinds of drawings and paintings on the RGB monitor. This program will be released some time in the first quarter of this year. With this program you can zoom in to an individual pixel and change its color. BASIC programers will be interested to note that the pro- gram is written in Business BASIC. When BASIC booted up with this program the version number was 1.23. Obviously Apple is still making improvements and enhancements to the language. Quark and several other software vendors are modifying their software to use DOT RODENT. Why do I call it DOT RODENT? As all Apple /// owners know, you have to precede all driver names with the period or dot and somehow dot mouse just doesn’t sound appro- priate for a driver name. A New Z80 Card For CP/M Fans Personal Computer Products, Inc. 16776 Bernado Center Drive San Diego, CA 92128 (619) 485-8411 Called the APPLI-CARD /// it features a 6MHz Z-80B processor, and includes 64K RAM which can be expanded to 512K. Using on-board memory eliminates sharing the ///’s memory. Hard Disk News Apple is apparently getting out of the disk drive business (at least in the /// marketplace). The Apple /// division is actively encouraging hard disk drives from outside manufacturers that will work with the Apple ///. Some poss- ible candidates: Mountain Computer 300 El Pueblo Road Seotts Valley, CA 95066 Has a line of hard disk drives compatible with the Apple ///. They are available in either 5, 10, 15, or 20 Megabyte capacities. Also announced a 1/4” tape drive backup for the profile. This is interesting in that it has an Apple part number, which is another indication that Apple is at least looking to supplement their line of disk drives with those of outside manufacturers. Santa Clara Systems 1860 Hartog Drive San Jose, CA 95131 Hard Disk Systems with storage capacities ranging from 5 to 120 megabytes. They offer backup utilizing either high density eight inch floppies or removable cartridges. They have some networking products, but nothing for Apple pro- 18 Apple Orchard June 1984 ducts at the present time. Space Coast Systems, Inc. 301 S. Washingtion Avenue Titusville, FL 32796 (305) 268-0872 They feature a tape backup for hard disk drives, their own as well as Apple’s profile. Their literature indicates that the tape backup runs three times faster when backing up their drives (90 inches per second), than with profile (30 inches per second). Their data transfer rate is evidently faster. I will have one of these drives for evaluation, and will com- pare it with profile for speed of data transfer in loading pro- grams such as System Utilities and Keystroke, which are large pascal programs and take several seconds to load. They are currently working with Quark to make their drives compatible with Catalyst. Davong Systems Ine. 121 Humboldt Court Sunnyvale, CA 94089 In addition to a line of hard disk drives which are compat- ible with the Apple ///, they are considering adapting their networking system to work with Apples. It is encouraging to see that other manufacturers of hard disk drives are taking an interest in the Apple ///, and the Apple /// marketing team is actually encouraging this. This attitude did not exist at Apple six months ago. It is a welcome change. Printer Card Wesper Micro Systems 14321 New Myford Road Tustin, CA 92680 Wesper Micro Systems introduced their BPO /// serial and parallel, buffered printer card for the Apple ///. This card enables you to have a separate serial port for your print- er, freeing your RS232 port for your modem. This eliminates switching cables whenever you want to change from print- ing to telecommunications. The BPO /// comes with 8K (over 8,000 characters) of buf- fering, which you can increase to 128K. Special software selectable features include: software selection of Serial or Parallel printer, data compression to enhance buffering capacity, text formatting, auto line feed generation, and multiple copies ability. Also available is an external switch which enables you to make multiple copies, pause, and reset the buffer. Editor’s Note: Don Norris is president of the Business Apple Group. His newsletter, the Open Apple Gazette, is filled with information about Apple /// products. The back issues con- tain a wealth of “how to” information that I found very help- Sul when getting started with my Apple ///. Seven back issues are available and can be purchased from: Business Apple Group 1850 Union Street, #494 San Francisco, CA 94123 (415) 921-3774 @ Inside Peelings is the heart of the Apple... Please 0 Enter O) Renew my subscription for 1 year (9 issues) USA ($21) * US Ist Class, Canada, Mexico. APO & FPO ($36) * South America & Europe ($48) * All Other Countries ($57) Sample Copy USA ($4) * Elsewhere ($6) © Payment Enclosed 0 Bill Me OD VISA OMasterCard Card No. Expires, Signature Address one = city. State %ip___ Payment must accompany all foreign orders. be in US funds and drawn on US bank — make checks payable to: PEELINGS II, Inc., P.O. Box 699, Las Cruces, NM 88004 Or call Toll-free: 1-800-345-8112 (in Pennsylvania: 1-800-662-2444) AORO584 Circle HelpCard No.23 You deserve the inside track on products for your Apple. Trial and error is no way to buy soft- ware and neither is asking your best friends. Important product decisions should be based on facts and plain English analysis of Apple products from profes- sionals who take the time to do it right. Peelings II gives you the facts so you can avoid costly mis- takes and make the right decisions. Here’s what you get in every issue— The real story on major software and peripherals. Product ratings according to standards that are updated and reviewed as technology changes. Tutorials, glossaries and comparison charts. Columns featuring popular topics—business, education, word processing and more. Latest products & industry news Get to the heart of your Apple. Subscribe to Peelings II_ — the ultimate Apple consumers’ guide. Peelings || THE MAGAZINE OF APPLE SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE EVALUATION ROUTINE MACHINE Review by Gary Bettes ern Data Systems, is an Applesoft programming utility for Apple II, II Plus, and //e computers. This utility attaches machine language subroutines to an Applesoft basic program. These routines may be invoked by either using an ampersand (&) command or by calling the starting address of the routine. T he ROUTINE MACHINE ($64.95), by Southwest- Included with the ROUTINE MACHINE are several sub- routines which may be used. Available as separate packages are additional subroutine libraries (priced at $49.95 each), or you may write, borrow or otherwise acquire routines to be used. There is only one restriction as to which subroutines may be used. The routine must be “fully relocatable” in memory. Any routine which can be called from a running Applesoft program or is invoked using the ampersand will usually be usable without modification. The ROUTINE MACHINE is very easy to use, even with little knowledge of machine language. When you install the program, it relocates your basic program up in memory to HEX 2600 and installs itself at HEX 800. With the utility installed your Applesoft program will overwrite Hi-Res Page One in memory. With any program using Hi-Res Page One in any manner you will have to remove the ROUTINE MACHINE first. This is not a major problem, however, as it is not required to be in memory to run your modified pro- gram, and it is easily removed by BRUNning the REMOVE ROUTINE MACHINE (provided on disk). This will remove the ROUTINE MACHINE and relocate your basic program to HEX 800. Provided your program does not use Hi-Res Page One, you may test run your program with the program still aboard. Included functions allow the user to append and delete subroutines, build a disk library of routines, search for calls and ampersands, inspect Applesoft program lines and display a memory map. Due to the location used by the ROUTINE MACHINE, it is fully compatible with both APPLESOFT COMMAND EDITOR and PROGRAM LINE EDITOR by Southwestern Data Systems. Any num- ber of subroutines may be appended with the only limit being the amount of memory available in your computer. 20 Apple Orchard-June 1984 The supplied disk comes with a modified DOS. There are only two changes from DOS 3.3. The first is an option on the catalog listing to terminate the listing at a pause by press- ing return. The second is to add to the volume number head- ing on the disk catalog the number of free sectors on the disk being cataloged. These features may be added to other disks by booting the ROUTINE MACHINE disk then initializing the new disk with the modified DOS. The documentation provided is professionally presented and well written. In addition to the use of demonstration programs and instructions that even a computer novice can understand, the manual contains information on how to write your own subroutines so they will be compatible with the ROUTINE MACHINE. On the disk there is a resident copy program. This will allow you to make three copies of the program disk. In addition to this many of the files on the disk may be copied using the FID program from the DOS 3.3 system master. This is an excellent copy protection system. It allows for human error while still providing relative security for both software vendor and user. For beginning and intermediate basic programmers this is an extremely useful utility. It adds much needed flex- ibility to Applesoft basic. Most of the advanced program- mers are already using many of these techniques to enhance the ability of their computers. Two of the subroutine libraries available for the ROUTINE MACHINE are &-CHART and &-ARRAY. Other libraries include &-SCREEN and &-SAMPLER. &-CHART is a graphics utility which may be used with or without the ROUTINE MACHINE package. This utility allows you to draw your graphs on an extremely large coor- dinate system, then display a window of the large grid. You may draw x-y coordinates with values or complete grid lines with values as a part of your graph. These are drawn using few commands. Your graph may be enlarged or reduced using simple commands. This is an extremely useful utility for combining graphie output with your Applesoft programs. &-ARRAY is a utility for easy use and manipulation of arrays. This utility allows you to redimension arrays, search, sort, swap elements and otherwise use arrays not allowed in Applesoft basic. This utility may be used either with or without the ROUTINE MACHINE package. In all, these software packages are very useful and very well documented. Each one of them is easily worth the purchase price. (Editor's Note: Southwestern Data Systems has changed its title, and can now be reached as Roger Wagner Publishing, Inc., at: 10761 Woodside Avenue Suite E P.O. Box 582 Santee, CA 92071 (619) 562-3221 ) WORK FORCE II by Core Concepts Review by Gary Bettes ORK FORCE II is a collection of six programs which will run on Apple II, II+ or //e computers with DOS 3.3 and 48K ram. Four of these pro- grams are financial. THE LOAN ANALYZER and THE SAVING ANALYZER calculate loan amortization and future value of savings. THE WAGE ANALYZER will figure wage adjustments by amount or percentage and calculate monthly and yearly amounts. THE BALANC- ING ACT is a checkbook balancing program. The remain- ing two programs are function-type programs. THE CALCULATOR causes your Apple to become a printing type calculator with percent and memory. THE LINE WRITER is a one line at a time text editor. rom cried, printer interfa ms power All six programs are well written. The menus and screen prompts are easily understood and I found no bugs in any of the programs. The only problem with this package is that each of these concepts is available on public domain software. I find it difficult to pay $29.95 for software when similar software is available for free. Had CORE CON- CEPTS provided a connection between the programs, the price would be justified. Being able to pass information from one program to another or just call a program from within another program would add a lot of flexability to the system. It would be nice to be able to turn your Apple into a calculator while running a checkbook balancing program and not lose your checkbook data. I feel that in lieu of purchasing WORK FORCE II, you should use your money for memberships dues in you local Apple computer users group. With the publie domain software availability through the I.A.C., you will get more for your money. ) Touch of @ eee ce card fro of fast, easy i color an progr am — At you with red button that comes instant: Your programy ee is on your URN and WhaeNe printed in k= 114, //e or “loo! a or pleasures your and take SM ecial tat then ir tional ant ‘en at any ti a u're running, & YGnction you & rm ev! ta eres card rai . resolutio le high umn as well as Apple 8 column cars ie e most ae color, are easily With a dip switcl r local of compute! { ra retails for $200, BRIN rect fo" an Dept. 1 Burlington. Nf Tel. (617) 2 Ile To Order Call Toll Free 1 1- PRINT-IT! aati Sa time, cant aceon ‘on pause/ Prin toe {with moat at pri rer Finctions) 6 is yout Bes F599 (etal introduc! aif flirt! is backed wt th a Sigg educe rational guarantee anes dd ui ler discoun nts available. bareh g Blanchard Road MA 01803 73-3384 -800-255-15 0 = a=" Circle HelpCard No.34 Apple Orchard -June 1984 21 THE Mail Order Dilemma by Mike Wendland ith the tremendous popularity of computers and accessories, new computer shops are popping up in just about every neighborhood in every town. And the computer magazines are getting fatter and fatter, almost to the point of being books, thanks to the heavy advertising of the mail order computer companies. Inevitably, then, even the casual computer enthusiast is someday going to be faced with the dilemma of where to buy, the local retail store or the mail order company. Not surprising, there is growing animosity between the two sides. Apple and IBM, for example, make their authorized retail dealers sign an agreement promising not to sell their computers through the mail. One reason, of course, is to avoid cost-cutting wars. But another is to assure quality control in sales and service. At stake in the competition between the over-the-counter retailer and the mail order houses are millions of dollars in revenue. But caught up in the name-calling and the heavy advertising hype is the computer user. He really wants to buy more equipment. Surveys show the average first year computer user will spend an average of $800 after buying his starter system. He'll buy software, printers, monitors, peripheral cards, books, discs and dust covers. Slugging it out for his business are the neighborhood dealer and the order-taker at the end of the cross-country toll free line. Both areas have problems. The local retailer boasts of ready service and plenty of user support. But often, he lacks selection and is less inclined to deal. The mail order dealer has discount pricing and incredible selection. You name it, they have it. But when it comes to support and service, that’s often another matter. Shopping the mail order firms can be both convenient and frustrating. It’s convenient because you never have to leave your house. Thanks to toll free numbers, beginning with an 800 prefix, the at-home shopper need do nothing more strenuous than dial the telephone and ask for price information. That’s if you get through. 22 Apple Orchard-June 1984 For the frustrating part is that it is often difficult to get through to some of the big mail order computer dealers. There are two firms, one in Oregon and one in Pennsylvania, that I never was able to reach in my shopping-by-phone research. Their toll free numbers were tied up for hours each time I called. And I called over a several day period. Such problems are common. Indeed, at some of the big houses it’s unusual to have the number actually ring on the first or, often-times, even the second try. That’s because the advertisements of some houses are geared almost exclu- sively to persuading would-be buyers to call in for a quote. Perhaps the most flagrant example is a half-page ad recent- ly taken out by a mail order house that boasts of low prices, stating, “We Don’t Play Games.” Thereupon the ad lists 100 items offered for sale, ranging from computers themselves to peripherals and accessories. But of those 100, only seven have prices. If you want to find out how much a listed item costs, you have to call the com- pany. And this firm doesn’t even have a toll free number. This isn’t game playing? Reading the ads from the various mail order houses is entertainment in itself. Cliche-filled claims of “rock bottom prices... fantastic savings... lowest prices ANY- WHERE!... Save up to 40%...The Best for Less” shout out from boldface type. But how good are the deals? To find out, we decided to shop ten of the big mail order firms. For comparison, we sought price quotes for an Epson RX-80 dot matrix printer. The results were interesting and varied. The highest price quoted was $389. The lowest price beat that by more than $100, offering the same printer for $270. In between, four companies quoted a price of $299, two asked $310 and two asked $319. When we called the nine higher-priced companies back and asked them if they would meet or beat the $270 price, as many of the mail order house ads claim, three said they would, three offered to come down a bit but not to the $270 figure, two refused to lower their price and one disputed our honesty. “Either he’s nuts to sell that low or you must think I’m nuts to believe you,” said the suspicious mail order THE NETWORKER™ MODEM Your best buy in ‘in modem history. The history. The Networker™, a plug-in single-slot direct connect modem for the Apple II family of computers. Send electronic mail to a friend or business associate, use your school's computer, access hundreds of com- puter bulletin boards or thousands of data bases for up-to-the-minute news, sports, weather, air- line, and stock information. There's absolutely nothing else to buy. You get the modem board, communications software, and a valuable subscription to America’s premier infor- mation service, THE SOURCES. For $129 it’s an unbeatable value. This is the modem that does it all, and does it for less. The Apple Communications Card is on board, so no other interface is needed. It's 300 baud, the most commonly used modem speed. And it comes complete with Networker Communi- cations Software on an Apple-compatible disk, giving you features no modem offers. Networker Communications Software is an easy to use terminal program that turns your com- puter into a communications command center, with on-screen “help” menus, continuous up- dates of memory usage, carrier presence, and communication status. Even a beginner can be communicating in seconds. The Networker supports both originate and answer modes, so you can send and receive infor- mation, in full or half duplex modes. Just plug it into any slot in your Apple computer, and then into your phone jack. Now you're part of a vast net- work of computers Ss] NETMASTER™ COMMUNICATIONS SOFTWARE For $179 we include with the Networker our Net- master Communications Software for advanced users. Netmaster will let you transfer games computer graphics, programs, sales reports documents—in fact, any Apple file of any size—to another computer, directly from disk to disk, with- out errors, even through noisy phone lines. For transfering information between com- puters, Netmaster’s superb error checking and high speed are an unbeatable combination. With a Netmaster on each end, you can transfer informa- tion three to five times faster than other communi- cations packages like Visiterm™ or ASCII Express". Error free. But Netmaster’s not stuffy. It will talk to those other communications packages. It's just that they don’t work as fast and they don’t check errors like Netmaster. And Netmaster doesn't only work with the Networker modem. Even if you already have another modem for your Apple, Netmaster is an outstanding value in communications software, so we sell Netmaster by itself for $79. Netmaster requires 48k of RAM, one disk drive, and the Networker or another modem. It can also be used without a modem when two Apples are hard-wired together. 29 THE SOURCE ‘Your purchase of the Networker with or purchase of the Networker with or without Netmaster comes complete with a membership to THE SOURCE, with its normal registration fee fully waived. THE SOURCE will put a world of electronic informa- tion and communication services at your fingertips—instantly. Electronic mail and com- puter conferencing. Current news and sports. Valuable business and financial information. Travel services. A wealth of information about personal computing. Even games. All fully compatible with your equipment, and ready to use at once. Networker, Netmaster, and Networker/ Netmaster Combo are all produced in the USA by ZOOM Telephonics, producers of the popular DEMON DIALER. The Networker is FCC registered, and all products come with a one-year warranty. HOW DO | GET ONE? OR TWO? Ask your computer dealer, or call one of our sales offices listed below for the dealer near- est you. Or call us direct at 1-800-631-3116, and we'll tell you where to get one. (In Massachusetts, call 1-617-423-1288.) SALES OFFICES Boston, MA (617) 29-4282: Metro New York (914) 834-5555, Philadelphia, PA (215) 638-4350, Pitsburg, PA (412) 2763310; Washington, D.C (301) 942-4000, Alana, GA (404) 876-2088, Mam, FL (205) 545-8844, Rochester, MY (716) 385, 5285; Dayton, OM (513) 890-5159; Cleveland, OM (216) 779-4435; Chicago, IL (312) 224-591, Minneapolis, MN (12) 9448540; Lenea, KS (912) 54-141; Dallas, TX (214) 747-0081; Denver, CO (303) 744.2323, Salt Lake Cy, UT (601) 486-2346, Phoenix, AZ (62) 255-9201; Los Angeles, CA (13) 949 9405. San Francisco, CA 579-6561, Portland, OR (503) 2923585; Redmond, WA (206) 881-8778, ee oe. | The towing we wademans Ape by AoE Comoe he Soveeserwceman by Soule “ecamputng, Viste by Vsieup. RSC Egress by Southwest Da Systm DEMON (OALERby 200M Telephones 1383 ZOOM Tepones ie Circle HelpCard No.39 ZOOM Telephonics, Inc. 207 South Street, Boston, MA O2111 dealer before hanging up. But those were just base prices. All of the mail order businesses charged extra for shipping, typically $18 to $18. Most charged an additional three or four percent, or around $10-12, for using a bank credit card. And a couple of the firms wanted an extra $2 for insurance. Delivery was prom- ised in from five to seven days though for $10 to $15 more I could get express shipment that would send the printer to me in three days. As a general rule, the admittedly unscientific survey found about $25 in those extra charges were tacked on to the initial prices quoted for the printer. That brought the price range from $305 to $414. Next, we shopped the computer retail stores. We spot- checked five local stores that carried the RX-80 and found prices amazingly comparable to the mail order houses. Two of the firms were extremely expensive, one sold the printer for $390. The other wanted $399. Neither would budge on their prices. But the big surprise came from the remaining local retail outlets. Two sold the RX-80 for $299. The last one and the cheapest offered the printer for $295. And that store offered to give me a “preferred customer card” that would get me a 10 percent discount on any other future purchases. Although there was no shipping, insurance or credit card charges from the local firms, sales tax was added on. My state charges four percent. Thus, the price range for the printer from my local retail stores was $306 to $416. The bottom line: we could have saved $1 by purchasing the printer from a mail order house. But we would have had to wait as long as a week. And what if the printer didn’t work or broke soon after we hooked it up to our Apple //e? That, say the experts, is the big question. “We're dealing with high tech equipment here,” says Tom Pointe, the vice president in charge of sales for the nation- wide Inacomp Computer Center chain. “And fixing it isn’t an easy task. When it’s broken and ordered through the mail, no regular retail shop is going to touch it. So you have to send it back to the mail order dealer you bought it from. And then you're often talking about weeks before you get the equipment back - - - weeks in which your money is sit- ting in the mail order dealer’s bank account gathering interest while you're sitting back home waiting to use the equipment you paid for long before.” Mail order businesses scoff at the claims. “That's typical retail store baloney,” counters Brian Flynn, the operations manager for Computer Components Unlimited, one of the big computer mail houses. “This stuff is reliable and factory tested. It’s rare that it breaks down. Even when it does, all the customer has to do is send it back and in nine times out of ten, we'll have a brand new replace- ment unit out in the next day’s shipment.” Though Pointe and Flynn obviously differ, and differ strongly, about the best place for the user to order his gear, the two highly successful firms they work for have almost identical histories. Both are known as “garage stories.” They are called that because both companies began in a 24 Apple Orchard-June 1984 garage. In Pointe’s case, his Inacomp Computer Centers began in 1976 in the suburban Detroit garage of Rick Inatone, who was then just 22 years old. Inatone started his business by cashing in a $5,000 life insurance policy owned by his father and selling computers to his neighborhood friends. Today, eight short years later, his company operates more than two dozen over-the-counter retail stores coast-to-coast and last year did more than $40 million in business. Across the country in a suburb of Los Angeles, Computer Components had an almost identical beginning, starting out in the garage of Kirk Frantz, the firm’s 21-year-old Presi- dent. Today, four years after Frantz and Flynn set up their first toll-free order line, they operate out of a 2,300-square- foot operation in Hawthorne, California. Last year, the firm sold almost $20 million worth of computer equipment, almost all sent out through the mail or by a parcel delivery service as a result of orders phoned in to the firm’s four toll- free WATTS lines. “To tell you the truth,” says Flynn, “sometimes we kind of miss the old days back in Kirk’s garage. Then we weren't so busy. We'd spend most of the day out in the driveway play- ing basketball, waiting for the phone to ring.” Flynn says most computer shoppers have little to fear from reputable mail order houses. “Just like anything else, there are some bad actors. But if you take the time to ask questions and find a dealer that has a good track record, you're not going to have any problems. And you will save money. I'd say most mail order dealers sell their products for 20 to 30 percent off retail prices.” Flynn is one of the few dealers that sells Apple computer systems by mail. “Apple prohibits its authorized dealers from selling through the mails,” he says. “But I’m not an authorized dealer. What I do is buy my computers from an authorized dealer who is overstocked. He sells to me at his cost or a per- cent or two more and I can then mark it up another couple points and still offer it cheaper than most retail shops. We can operate on a very low markup because we do so much volume.” Still, our own independent survey showed some potential mail order pitfalls. Shopping carefully is the key to success. For example, one mail order firm that promises the “Lowest Prices Anywhere!” says it can do so because it has “no repair service” and “no support.” That may be fine if price is the only consideration. But computers and peripheral accessories do, with unfortunately predictable regularity, break down. Before phoning in your order, ask yourself: Is a dealer who openly advertises that he provides “no support” or repair service the right choice for com- plicated computer equipment costing hundreds, even thousands of dollars? And be sure to carefully inquire about warranty work and guarantees. A large mail order firm in California notes in its advertisement that satisfaction is guaranteed. But in the fine print of his ad, you'll notice that the guarantee is for 30 days. Most over-the-counter retailers and even many of the mail order houses offer standard 90-day computer and parts guarantees. “The story we hear over and over from the mail order buyer is that he didn’t get what he needed,” says Inacomp’s Tom Pointe. “He may have saved $40 or $50 on, say, an interface card but when it came in, there was no cable. Naturally, the customer thought the cable came with it. But it didn’t and now he’s trying to buy one from us. No retail store is going to sell him just a cable. We sell the card and cable in packages. So he has to go back and now order a cable from the mail order house and spend much of the $40 or $50 he thought he’d saved in the first place.” All this is not to say that mail order houses should be avoided. Indeed, there are many times when buying through the mail or over a toll free telephone is the smart thing to do. “Tf you know exactly what you want and need,” Pointe con- cedes, “there are times you can save money from a mail order dealer. But most customers aren't that expert. They really need someone to walk them through. There are so many variables when it comes to buying a computer system. Our job in the retail end is to point that out to the customer and show him the alternatives. Often, we save him from buy- ing stuff he really doesn’t need. And then we're around when he has questions or problems or needs training. Those kind of intangibles are impossible to put a pricetag on and they sure aren’t available from a faceless voice at the end of a toll free telephone number.” Jacqueline Petro is an avid Apple II Plus user near De- troit. She is active in the Michigan Apple Club and has guided many a newcomer into the world of personal com- puters. She is also a frequent mail order buyer. When she was looking for a 16K card for her II Plus she shopped the local retail outlets. “T couldn’t find one anywhere for under $100,” she said. Now you can monitor and control the world (or at least your part of APPLIED ENGINEERING “But I found a mail order, house that shipped me one for $59. I've been using it for well over a year now and I couldn’t be happier. That $40 savings came in handy.” When, a few weeks after buying the 16K card, she looked around for the popular adventure game Wizardry, the local stores sold it for around $50. She bought it through a toll- free number for $42. “And then there was this cookbook program I wanted,” she recalls. “I checked out every store within a fifty mile radius and nobody had it or even knew when they would get it. I found it advertised in a computer magazine by a mail order company and sent away for it. Right now, I’m having the same problem with a casino game my family wants. We would prefer to buy it locally but it looks like I’m going to have to go through the mail order catalogues again.” But Mrs. Petro also does lots of buying at retail computer stores. “It’s a trade off,” she says. “There are some items, like a printer or a monitor, that I want to examine and test out before I plunk down my money. So I wouldn’t dream of buying them through the mail, sight unseen.” But she says then there are other items - - - software, interface cards, ribbons, modems and other less complicated devices - - - that , because she has researched her needs and knows her products, she would not hesitate to order over the telephone, especially when she can save money. “T've found there are good retailers and mail order dealers and there are bad ones. And there are good deals and bad deals. It just takes some careful shopping and a little com- mon sense to know the difference.” e ) with a little help from 12 BIT, 16 CHANNEL, PROGRAMMABLE GAIN A/D. All new 1984 design incorporates the latest in state-of-art IC. technologies. Complete 12 bitA/D converter, with an accuracy of 0.02%! 16 single ended channels (single ended means that your signals are measured against the Apple's GND.) or 8 differential channels. Most all the signals you will measure are single ended, 9 software programmable full scale ranges, any of the 16 channels can have any range at any time. Under program ‘control, you can select any of the following ranges: +10 volts, +5V, £2.5V, £1.0V, +500MV, +250MV, TOMY, £50MV, or +25MV. Very fast conversion (25 micro seconds). Analog input resistance greater than 1,000,000 ohms. Laser-trimmed scaling resistors Low power consumption through the use of CMOS devices. ‘The user connector has +12 and-12 volts on it so you can power your sensors Only elementary programming is required to use the A/D. @ The entire system is on one standard size plug in card that fits neatly inside the Appie. System includes sample programs on aise PRICE $319 8 BIT, 8 CHANNEL A/D 8 Channels, 8 Bit Resolution (On Board Memory Fast Conversion (.078 ms per channel) AID Process Totally Transparent to ‘Apple (looks like memory) The APPLIED ENGINEERING A/D BOARD is an 8 bit, 8 channel, memory buffered, data acquisition system. It consists of an 8 bit A/D converter, an 8 channel multiplexer and 8 x 8 random access memory, eocce The analog to digital conversion takes place on a continuous, channel sequencing basis, Data is automatically transferred to on board memory at the end of each conversion. No A/D converter could be easier to use. Our A/D board comes standard with 0, TOV full scale inputs. These inputs can be changed by the user to 0, -10V, or -5V, +5V or other ranges as needed, The user connector has +12 and -12 volts on it so you can power your sensors © Accuracy: 0.3% © input Resistance: 20K Ohms Typ PRICE $129.00 ‘A few applications may include the monitoring of @ flow @ temperature @ humidity wind speed © wind direction @ light intensity @ pressure @ RPM @ soil moisture and many more, SIGNAL CONDITIONER Our 8 channel signal conditioner is designed for use with both our A/D converters. This board incorporates 8 F.£.T. op-amps, which allow almost any gain or offset. For example: an input signal that varies from 2.00 to 2.15 volts ora signal that varies from 0 to 50 mV can easily be converted to 0-10V output for the A/D. The signal conditioner’s outputs are a high quality 16 pin gold I.C. socket that matches the ‘one on the A/D’s soa simple ribbon cable connects the two. The signal conditioner can be powered by your Apple or from an external supply. FEATURES © 4.5" square for standard card cage and 4 mounting holes for standard mounting. The signal conditioner does not plug into the Apple, it can be located up to %e mile away from the A/D. © 22 pin 156 spacing edge card input connector (extra connectors are easily available i.e. Radio Shack) © Large bread board area. ‘@ Full detailed schematic included. PRICE $79.00 DIGITAL INPUT/OUTPUT BOARD © Provides 8 buffered outputs toa © Your inputs can be anything from high standard 16 pin socket for standard dip speed logic to simple switches. ribbon cable connection. @ Very simple to program, just PEEK at the Powerup reset assures that all outputs data are off when your Apple is turned on. @ Now, onone card, youcan haves digital Features 8 inputs that can be driven ‘outputs and 6 digitalinputs each with its from TTL logic or any 5 volt source ‘wn connector. The superinput/output board is your best choice for any conteol A detailed schematic is included. ‘Some applications include: Burglar alarm, direction sensing, use with relays to tum on lights, sound buzzers, start motors, control tape recorders and printers, use with digital joystick. PRICE $69.00 application. ‘The SUPER INPUT/OUTPUT board manualincludes many programs forinputsand outputs. | Please see our other full page ad in this magazine for information on Applied Engineering's Timemaster Clock Card and other products for the Apple. (ur boards are far superior fo most of the consumer electronics made today. All C's are in high quality sockets with mil-spec. components used throughout. P.C. boards are glass-epoxy with gold contacts. Made in America to be the best in the world, All products compatible with Apple Il and //e. Applied Engineering's products are fully tested with complete documentation and available for immediate delivery. All products are guaranteed with a no hassle three year warranty. Send Check or Money Order to: ‘APPLIED ENGINEERING P.O. Box 798 Carrollton, TX 75006 Texas Residents Add 5% Sales Tax ‘Add $1.00 If Outside U.S.A. Call (214) 492-2027 7am. to11 pum. 7 days a week MasterCard, Visa & C.0.D. Welcome No extra charge for credit cards, Exploring Pascal on the Apple Two “An Unexpected Feature” by John B. Matthews, M. D. ne of the simplest and most convenient ways to use Microsoft BASIC is as an immediate mode calculator. Applesoft is a flavor of Mi- crosoft's ubiquitous BASIC and the Applesoft Reference Manual (chapter 1) describes the use of com- mands available in immediate mode. It is thus perfectly legal to type “?2+2" and the computer correctly re- sponds with “4”. The question mark is an abbreviation for the PRINT command. It is also possible to save intermediate results in named variables. Thus, if you enter “ PI=3.14159”, then typing “?PI*5 A 2” will print the area of a circle of radius 5. I often use this method to verify an account led- ger by entering “B=<current balance>” then “B=B- <debit amount>:?B” to print a running balance. It may seem silly to use a kilo-buck computer as a calculator but it’s even more silly to spend money or time on software you don’t need. Conversely, even the tiniest BASIC interpreter often has immediate mode execution; this makes a Timex/Sinclair ZX-81 almost useful. So where’s the Unexpected Feature? Read on. My computer spends most of its time running Apple Pascal and I am loathe to boot DOS just to calculate. Pascal is a compiled language rather than an inter- preted language so it has no immediate mode. To fill the gap, Apple thoughtfully provides a program named APPLE3:CALC.CODE and describes its operation in the Apple Pascal Operating System Reference Manual (chapter 8, page 216). They mention that it is “..a VERY simple calculator capable of four functions only.” The documentation goes on with a short tutorial and several numeric examples but there is no mention of named variables for intermediate results. Back at the drawing board, a quick review of parsing algorithms and stack oriented expression evaluation suggested that I should quit while I was ahead. All else failing I executed CALC anyway and, by Wirth, the pro- gram correctly identified named variables up to eight significant characters. Try it! The calculator always prints its last result so no PRINT command is needed. Entering “PI=3.14159” saves the value of PI for subsequent use while “TWOPI=2*PI” saves 2*PI. Typing “TWOPI*5” prints the circumference of a circle of radius 5. The results are in scientific notation with 6 significant digits. Arbi- trarily nested parentheses are permitted; I gave up after getting correct results at 20 levels. There is no doubt some limit to the number of variables permitted; I quit after 30 unique identifiers. Entering a previously undefined identifier produces an appropriate error message. Not bad for a freebie! Now, if they would just publish the source code. @ “SLAVE” The " idea that paid by Lenore Wolgelenter or Declan McKeown, a 14 year old from Downpatrick, Northern Ireland, the payoff included the following: © a trip to Cupertino @ a brand new Apple //e, with disk drive and monitor. @ an introduction to Steve Wozniak. @ a visit to the Apple company store. 26 Apple Orchard —June 1984 © a tour of San Francisco. @ a tour of the Stanford University campus, in Palo Alto, California. ®@ a trip to Disneyworld, Epcot Center in Orlando, Florida. Declan’s Mom was also pleased with her son’s efforts as she had the opportunity to accompany him on his American adventures. The Sunday Observer. a newspaper in Northern Ireland, ran a contest in which the participants had to answer five questions. Declan does not remember the questions, but he claims that they were really easy. Evidently nine other peo- ple thought that the questions were easy, too; there was a sixth question to break any tie and win the prize. The tie breaking question, for a final winner, was to name a brand new computer. The key parameter was that the name had to be an acronym. Declan’s winning answer was “SLAVE” - Sophisticated, Logical, Advanced, Versatile, Electronics. Back home, Declan spends between one and two hours each day with his home computer. He mainly programs and plays his own games. In school he uses a computer and is waiting to return with his new Apple. His friends are also anxiously awaiting his return. Congratulations Declan! We know that you will put your Apple successsfully through its paces. @ Foreign Language Word Processing with Screenwriter II By Ed Haymes he general rush to get word processors working on the Apple has left us with many different programs, each of which has its strengths and weaknesses. None of the programs, however, has specifically addressed the problem of the special requirements of foreign languages. As a college German teacher, I have found this situation more than a little frustrating and have set out to remedy it for my own purposes. Naturally, I have concen- trated on providing German characters, but the general principles would apply to any language. I now have German language display on my screen and German printout with both an Epson and a Diablo printer. I have found the road anything but straight and well-traveled, so I thought it might be of use to other Apple owners to know how it was done. The initial problem was the choice of a word processing program. I had bought Word Handler with my computer and had gratefully upgraded to the Word Handler II now available. I thought it to be a straightforward and easy to use program, but it lacked the flexibility necessary to pro- duce foreign language characters on the screen or through a printer equipped with the appropriate type fonts. I began to investigate the market and it was as much through luck as design that I happened on SuperScribe II (Sierra On- Line), now superseded by the much improved version renamed Screenwriter II. I have reviewed these two pro- grams in some detail in an earlier issue of this magazine, so I will not go into their relative virtues. Suffice it to say that Screenwriter II had the special capabilities necessary to make it a very powerful word processor for German. The main thing I miss is the true on-screen formatting possible during text entry with Word Handler and WordStar. The problem of foreign language word processing falls into two major areas, the screen display and the output to the print- er. Fortunately Screenwriter II provides the necessary flex- ibility in both areas. The Screen Display With many word processors the screen display would pro- vide an insurmountable obstacle. The programs make use of the character sets wired into ROM in our computers or in the 80-column board (Videx does provide alternate character sets in EPROM form.) Screenwriter II uses a high resolution graphics character set under software control. One can thus replace the character set using another hires character set. The documentation tells us that this is possible, but it pro- vides information about the procedure that is both incorrect and incomplete. I found the easiest source of alternate character sets to be the DOS Tool Kit from Apple. The Tool Kit already con- tains a considerable number of fonts (including foreign languages such as Russian and Greek) for use with its own high resolution character generator. I took the ASCII set and modified the appropriate letters to produce the special characters required. For German this turned out to be seven. I needed upper and lower case versions of the umlauted a, 0, and u along with the special double-s sign that looks rather like a Greek beta. Before carrying this task out, I decided which keys on the keyboard I would be least likely to use in a German text and assigned them to the special characters I needed. Now that I had room for the special characters I could turn to the task of drawing them using the ANIMATRIX program on the DOS Tool Kit. The biggest job in all of this is usually the development of the character set using ANIMATRIX. The instructions are fairly clear and I can only suggest that you experiment until you get the results you want on the screen as displayed in the complete character set listing (Accessible through CTRL-D). Be sure to check the appearance of the letters there before closing out your character set. Sometimes one or more dots will be slightly out of line with the others. This can be corrected by typing CTRL-T while the cursor is over the dot in question. By the way, it is much easier to use ANIMATRIX with paddles than with a joystick. The joy- stick is very hard to hold on a specific point in the grid while the paddles usually stay put once a point has been set. The complete set is given an appropriate name and saved. I then loaded the German set onto a utility disk (neither the DOS Tool Kit disk nor the Screenwriter II Program disk has room for this operation) and ran the little program “UP- SIDE DOWN” from the Screenwriter II program disk. This is necessary because the word processor uses the letter shapes in an upside down form. Don’t ask me why this is done, Continued on page 30. Apple Orehard-June 1984 27 COM-STAR TIF Tractor Friction Printer ¢ Lowest Priced, Best Quality, Tractor-Friction Printers in the U.S.A. ¢ Fast 80-120-160 Characters Per Second ¢ Word Processing ¢ Print Out Da *STX-80 COLUMN PRINTER—$149.00 Prints full 80 columns. Super silent operation, 60 CPS, prints Hi-resolution graphics and block graphics, expanded character set, exceptionally clear characters, fantastic print quality. uses inexpensive thermal paper! Best thermal printer in the U.S.A.! (Centronics Parallel Interface) **DELUXE COMSTAR TIF 80 CPS PRINTER—$199.00 The COMSTAR TIF (Tractor Friction) PRINTER is exceptionally versatilé. It prints 8%" x 11" standard size single sheet stationary or continuous feed com- puter paper. Bi-directional, impact dot matrix, 80 CPS, 224 characters. (Cen- tronics Parallel Interface). Premium Quality—120 CPS COMSTAR T/F SUPER-10X PRINTER—$289.00 COMSTAR TIF (Tractor Friction) SUPER- 10X PRINTER gives you all the features of the COMSTAR TI/F PRINTER pius a 10" carriage, 120 CPS, 9 x 9 dot matrix with double strike capability for 18 x 18 dot matrix (near letter quality), high resolution bit image (120 x 144 dot matrix), underlining, back spacing, left and right margin settings, true lower decenders with super and subscripts, prints standard, italic, block graphics ' Add $17.50 for shipping, handling and insurance. WE DO NOT EXPORT | TO OTHER COUNTRIES EXCEPT CANADA | Enclose Cashiers Check, Money Order or Personal Check. Allow 14 days | from Modem Services and special characters. plus 2K of user definable characters! The COMSTAR T/F SUPER-10X PRINTER was Rated No. 1 by Popular Science Magazine.” It gives you print quality and features found on printers costing twice as much!! (Cen tronics Parallel Interface) (Better than Ep: son FX 80) Premium Quality—120 CPS COMSTAR T/F SUPER-15%2” PRINTER—$379.00 COMSTAR TIF SUPER 15%” PRINTER has all the features of the COMSTAR TIF SUPER-10X PRINTER plus a 15%" car riage and more powerful electronics components to handle large ledger business forms! (Better than Epson FX 100) Superior Quality SUPER HIGH SPEED—160 CPS COMSTAR TIF 10” PRINTER—$429.00 SUPER HIGH SPEED COMSTAR TIF (Tractor Friction) PRINTER has all the features of the COMSTAR SUPER-10X PRINTER plus SUPER HIGH SPEED PRINTING—160 CPS, 100% duty cycle 8K buffer, diverse character fonts. special symbols and true decenders. ver tical and horizontal tabs. RED HOT BUSINESS PRINTER at an unbelievable low price!! (Serial or Centronics Parallel Interface) for delivery, 2 to 7 days for phone orders, 1 day express mail! Canada orders must be in U.S. dollars. VISA — MASTER CARD ACCEPTED. We | I ship C.0.D. i a ee eee eae te ed SUPER-10” ¢ 40, 46, 66, 80, 96, 132 Characters Per Line Spacing ¢ Print Labels, Letters, Graphs and Tables e “The Most Important Acc: e List Your Programs ory for Your Computer” Superior Quality SUPER HIGH SPEED—160 CPS COMSTAR TIF 15%” PRINTER—$529.00 SUPER HIGH SPEED COMSTAR TIF 15'2"° PRINTER has all the features of the SUPER HIGH SPEED COMSTAR TIF 10° PRINTER plus a 15" carriage and more powerful electronics to handle larger ledger business forms! Exclusive bottom paper feed! ! PARALLEL INTERFACES For VIC-20 and COM-64— $69.00 For Apple Computers— $79.00 NOTE: Other printer interfaces available at computer stores! are Double Immediate Replacement Warranty We have doubled the normal 90 day war- ranty to 180 days. Therefore if your printer fails within “180 days" from the date of purchase you simply send your printer to