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REDDIT INTERIM CEO PAO RESIGNS; HUFFMAN REGAINS CEO TITLE 14
WITH DATA BREACHES, BAD NEWS CAN SHOW UP WELL DOWN THE ROAD 38
‘TOMB RAIDER’ STAR CAMILLA LUDDINGTON NAVIGATES COMIC-CON 44
NEW COMCAST ONLINE VIDEO SERVICE FOR ITS INTERNET CUSTOMERS 48
SCIENCE: PLUTO CLOSE-UP: SPACECRAFT MAKES FLYBY OF ICY, MYSTERY WORLD 104
HEALTH: PENTAGON ANNOUNCES PLAN AIMED AT LIFTING TRANSGENDER BAN 118
PENTAGON ANNOUNCES PLAN AIMED AT LIFTING TRANSGENDER BAN 138
TH 'S A NEW BIG - OOPS,
WE MEAN TINY - MOVIE
SUPERHERO: ANT-MAN!
Columns )
TOP 10 APPS 84
iTUNES REVIEW 88
TOP 10SONGS 128
TOP 10 ALBUMS 13\
TOP 10 MUSIC VIDEOS 13
TOP 10 TV SHOWS 17
FIRST ELECTRIC
PLANES FLY OVER
ENGLISH CHANNEL
Airbus flew its electric plane across the English
Channel for the first time Friday - hours after an
independent French pilot made a similar voyage,
beating the aeronautics giant in this symbolically
important step toward making electronic flight
viable in the long term.
Several companies in different countries are
developing electric planes, in hopes of offering
a fuel-free flight alternative for the future - and
the battle to perform world “firsts” in electric
planes is heating up as the technology becomes
more durable.
Amid fanfare, European planemaker Airbus
flew its E-fan plane from Lydd, England, to the
French port of Calais on Friday morning. The
plane operates exclusively on batteries, and
since there’s no oil or water, the 20-foot long,
1300-pound jet releases zero emissions.
About 12 hours before Airbus’ Channel flight,
French pilot Hugues Duval took his two-
engine, one-seat Cricri plane from Calais to
Dover and back.
Because he lacked authorization to take off
from Calais, another fuel-driven plane towed
his 100-kilogram (220-pound) Cricri for the
start of the trip, he told The Associated Press.
Then he flew autonomously back to Calais and
landed safely.
He said he reached a speed of 150 kilometers
(90 miles) an hour on his 52-kilometer (31-mile)
journey.
Duval told The AP that his successful flight was
a “relief” and an “important moment” after
years of fine-tuning the plane and flying it
over land.
Airbus officials gathered in Calais to celebrate
the landing of the E-fan would not comment on
Duval’s trip.
The E-fan took its maiden voyage in March
2014, and has taken off 100 times since its
latest flight at the Paris Air Show last month.
Airbus aims to put the two-seater on the
market in 2017, targeting sales at training
facilities for entry-level pilots.
“It’s a great victory, but it’s also a start. For us
it’s an adventure that permits us” to imagine
commercial flight on electric or hybrid planes,
said pilot Didier Esteyne, who flew the Airbus
plane Friday. “It’s really the beginning of great
innovations.”
The choice of flight path was not coincidental:
In 1909, French pilot Louis Bleriot was the
first person to fly a plane across the English
Channel.
Safety was of secondary priority for Bleriot - he
was concentrated on winning 1,000 pounds
in prize money from the British Daily Mail
newspaper by performing the feat first.
For Airbus’ flight Friday, security professionals
were out in full force, with helicopters and
rescue speed boats trailing the E-fan.
Electric flight is a nascent sector of the aviation
industry, so safety regulations are still in
development. Airbus and the French civil
aviation authorities worked together to create
a test flight program for the jets.
While the E-fan only seats two for now, the aircraft
manufacturer is aiming bigger down the line. Chief
Image: Michel Spingler
Technical Officer Jean Botti told The Associated
Press at the Paris Air Show last month, “Our
objective here is to make a hybrid-electric hundred
seater for the future,” calling it an ambition Airbus
could realize in the next 15 years.
Slovenian company Pipistrel was also hoping to
send its electric plane across the Channel this
week. But engine-maker Siemens blocked the
trip at the last minute, saying the motor didn’t
have authorization to fly over water, Pipistrel
general manager Ivo Boscarol told The AP.
Boscarol said he felt his plane was ready for
the journey and estimated that about 10 other
electric planes currently in development are also
: capable of nae the flight. He said he hopes to
REDDIT INTERIM
CEO PAO RESIGNS;
HUFFMAN
REGAINS CEO TITLE
Reddit said Friday that interim CEO Ellen Pao
resigned from the company, and co-founder
Steve Huffman is back as its CEO.
The freewheeling online discussion forum
and news site, which says it had 164 million
unique visitors last month, has been rocked by
unrest recently. The firing of a popular staffer
earlier this month upset some users, leading
to volunteers shutting down parts of the site,
and there have been protests over new policies
intended to fight harassment.
A statement posted on Reddit by Reddit board
member Sam Altman Friday said that Pao, who
became interim CEO in November, resigned from
Reddit by mutual agreement and will continue to
advise the board for the rest of 2015.
Altman acknowledged that Reddit moderators
should have better tools and communication
from the company, but took some users to task
for the nature of their comments about Pao.
| 15
er
He said Reddit accepts disagreements, but said
the site must exercise compassion if it wants
to be a great community and said some of
the things Reddit users wrote about Pao were
sickening.
Disagreements are fine. Death threats are not, are
not covered under free speech, and will continue
to get offending users banned, Altman wrote.
In an email, Pao said she resigned because
Reddit’s board was asking for faster user growth
than she could deliver while holding on to the
site’s core values. She defended Reddit’s policy
changes, saying that despite criticism, the new
rules are making the community stronger.
We've taken bold and often controversial
stances, but always with the greater good of the
community in mind, she said. We tackled the
thorny issues of harassment on the site, banning
harassing behavior without censoring ideas.
Though we came under fire on many fronts, we
did not waver, working 247 to try to keep the
site harassment-free.
In a statement posted to Reddit, Pao thanks
users who were supportive, saying the positives
from the site far outweighed the negatives, and
she urged Redditors to remember the human
behind the keyboard.
This month Reddit fired Victoria Taylor, who
helped run the site’s popular Ask Me Anything
feature, where Reddit users submit questions
to celebrities and other notable people.
President Barack Obama, for example, has
answered questions on that forum. Some
volunteer moderators protested her ouster by
shutting down sections of the site, including
Ask Me Anything.
Reddit also announced anti-harassment
guidelines this year and in June it banned a
few groups for violating those rules. Reddit is
known for an almost-anything goes style, but
leadership said in May that it was unhappy with
| 17
18 |
harassment on its site and survey data showed
its users were also upset about the behavior.
The company apologized and said it would doa
better job of communicating with moderators
and users.
Early this year Reddit said it would remove
photos, videos or links that featured explicit
content if the person in the image didn’t give
permission for it to be posted. That came
months after hackers obtained nude photos
of Jennifer Lawrence and other celebrities and
posted them to Reddit, among other social
media sites.
Huffman co-founded Reddit in 2005 with Alexis
Ohanian. Conde Nast acquired Reddit the
following year, and both Huffman and Ohanian
left the company in October 2009. Ohanian
returned as San Francisco-based Reddit’s
executive chairman in November.
Before becoming Reddit’s CEO, Pao had worked
for a storied Silicon Valley venture capital firm,
Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers. She lost a high-
profile gender discrimination lawsuit against
Kleiner Perkins in March that brought up issues
of the gender imbalance and difficulties faced
by women working in Silicon Valley.
| 19
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Look, in the sky! Is it a bird? Is it a plane?
Actually, it probably is just a plane. That's
because the next Marvel superhero to have
arrived in US theaters isn't nearly that easy to
spot. Like a splinter, he can be very difficult
to locate, but cause no shortage of pain. We
are, of course, referring to Ant-Man, whose
everyman alter-ego, Scott Lang, is portrayed
by Paul Rudd in a movie the prolonged
production of which is almost as interesting
to learn about as the story that has made the
acclaimed movie's final script.
YET ANOTHER SUPERHERO IS BORN,
THANKS YET AGAIN TO STAN LEE
You have probably already gathered that,
even by comic book standards, Ant-Man is
a far from conventional hero. Yet another
creation of the legendary comic books writer
Stan Lee, Ant-Man made his first appearance
in issue 35 of the comic book series Tales to
Astonish in 1962, and has been the superhero
persona of four different supposedly ordinary
men in the decades since, from scientist Hank
Pym to Chris McCarthy, who first appeared in
the first issue of Irredeemable Ant-Man nearly
nine years ago.
In the character's own fictional history,
Ant-Man joined the growing pantheon
of superheroes after Pym came across a
chemical substance which he called Pym
Particles and could enable him to drastically
change his size. Pym therefore decided to
don a helmet capable of controlling ants and
shrink to ant size to become the one and only
Ant-Man!
| 25
26 |
THE WRIGHT WAY TO DEVELOP AN
ANT-MAN MOVIE
It doesn't read like a concept asking to be
taken as seriously as the likes of Marvel
stablemates Spider-Man, lron Man and Thor,
however ridiculous the world of superheroes
has obviously always been. It is likely the
unorthodox nature of the Ant-Man character
that initially led Marvel Studios to recruit
British director Edgar Wright, best known for
his comedic Three Flavors Cornetto trilogy,
to take the helm for the first major theatrical
venture for Ant-Man.
That was back in April 2006 - and, at that
year's San Diego Comic Con, Wright insisted
that, despite his own film heritage, his Ant-
Man film would be not a spoof, but instead
an action-adventure peppered with comic
moments. He described the core concept of
the movie as "how kick-ass it would be to be
small". The time certainly seemed appropriate
for an Ant-Man movie; Marvel Studios was
then readying movie revivals for several of its
best-known properties, including Iron Man,
Captain America and Thor.
Ant-Man has taken noticeably longer to reach
the big screen than those characters; indeed,
it was apparently on Wright's request that
the character did not appear in the Avengers
movies, even though he was part of the
original team of Avengers in the comic books
universe. Another inconvenience during
production was Wright's decision to leave
the project in early 2014, Marvel and Wright
jointly attributing this to "differences in their
vision of the film". Yes Man director Peyton
NO SHIELD. NO ARMOR. NO PROBLEM.
28 |
W
Reed then took the director's chair - but,
according to producer Kevin Feige, the film
called Ant-Man remained "still very much in
the spirit of what Edgar’s original pitch was".
ANT-MAN LOOKS GREAT... WHEN, OF
COURSE, HE ISN'T TOO SMALL TO SEE
Still, the proof of the pudding is in the eating,
and it seems that Marvel's careful handling
of the project post-Wright has paid off. As
Rudd's most notable ability as Ant-Man is
that to shrink, it was always vital to visually
portray the small character convincingly,
without sloppy effects distracting from the
viewing experience. Macro photography has
eased this - and Rudd has explained that
"we're using these Frazier lenses and these
small, skater-cam things where you're able to
get into these places. Then, we're doing this
digital tiling of real surfaces." He added that
the process involved "an insane amount of
calculation”.
All of this was completed in post-production,
long after Wright's departure. The movie has
even benefited from visual effects provided
by Industrial Light & Magic, the same
company that gave the original Star Wars film
its extra visual sparkle. And, several months
before the movie's release, Marvel gave fans
a few ideas of what to expect from the film's
visual character by releasing some new stills
of various scenes and concept art of the
villain, Yellowjacket, played by Corey Stoll.
That wasn't the only intriguing concept
art that Marvel had released in the
as)
30
wake of Wright's exit. About a year ago,
Entertainment Weekly displayed a new
Official poster for Ant-Man, depicting the
hero in full costume in artwork clearly crafted
with care by resident Marvel artist Andy Park.
And, in February, we were treat to what blastr
aptly described as an "absolute mountain of
Ant-Man concept art", including shots of Ant-
Man dramatically clashing with Yellowjacket
and riding on ants.
[231
32 |
A LITTLE SUPERHERO, BUT ALSO A
LITTLE CRITICISM...
But, however good Ant-Man, his allies and
chief enemy look, the core of any good
film remains good storytelling. Does Ant-
Man pass this acid test? Reviews have, so
far, been broadly positive. At the time of
writing, Ant-Man has a 70% rating on review
aggregator site Rotten Tomatoes, where the
critical consensus reads: "Led by a charming
performance from Paul Rudd, Ant-Man
offers Marvel thrills on an appropriately
smaller scale -- albeit not as smoothly as its
most successful predecessors."
For many reputable critics, it seems that the
lead character was not the only small thing
about the film - and this has ultimately proved
a benefit, helping the film to stand out among
an avalanche of tough competition from
other comic book adaptations. For example,
Entertainment Weekly's Chris Nashawaty has
remarked that "Reed and Rudd's film is proof
that no matter how silly some ideas sound
at first, good things often do come in small
packages." Similarly, Variety's Justin Chang
has called the movie "a genial diversion and
sometimes a delightful one, predicated on
the rarely heeded Hollywood wisdom that
less really can be more."
Perhaps the most negative - and colorful
- review from a leading critic has been
Catherine Shoard's for the Guardian. She
has described watching Ant-Man as "like
channel-surfing between Hot Fuzz, a duff
early 90s Michael Douglas drama and the
very schlockiest bits of Interstellar." She gave
: =
Images: Zade Rosenthal
a rating of two stars out of five, as did Little
White Lies' Richard Jenkins, who complained
that the movie has "no sensitivity, no eye for
movement, no feeling for the way a camera
can create emotion out of nothing, no heart
beating beneath its celluloid skin."
36
WHAT MOVIE FUTURE COULD LIE IN
STORE FOR ANT-MAN?
The more cautious praise from some critics
does beg an interesting question: has Marvel
taken too much of a risk by giving surely
the planet's most miniscule superhero his
own film? In a generally favorable critique,
the Independent's Geoffrey Macnab has
commented that "Ant-Man seems very
insubstantial fare by comparison with Iron
Man, Captain America et al." In light of
this, it could be argued that, while Marvel
superstars like those mentioned by Macnab
could see little blow to their personal
popularity inflicted by the occasional cooly-
received film, the same might not be strictly
true for the quirky Ant-Man.
Nonetheless, The Hollywood Reporter
has reported that Ant-Man could gross
as much as $65 million on its debut in
North American theaters - which, as the
site points out, would rank it close to the
debut financial performances of the first
Captain America and Thor movies. The more
comedic feel of Ant-Man in comparison to
those films could help to boost its following,
who could soon clamor for a sequel which
Rudd has expressed enthusiasm about
making. Ant-Man might be tiny, but he
could be bound for a huge new fanbase. m
by Benjamin Kerry & Gavin Lenaghan
| 37
38 |
WITH DATA
BREACHES, BAD
NEWS CAN SHOW
UP WELL DOWN
THE ROAD
NEW YORK (AP) -- The revelation that the data
breach at the U.S. government’s personnel office
was actually much worse than the government
originally thought is following a familiar script.
That’s been the case in many recent high-
profile hackings at major U.S. companies.
Target, Home Depot and TJX all had to
announce additional bad news weeks after
going public with their breaches.
The Obama administration said Thursday that
hackers stole Social Security numbers from more
than 21 million people and took other sensitive
information when government computer
systems were compromised. That’s up from
the 14 million figure investigators gave The
Associated Press last month.
The hacking ultimately prompted the Friday
resignation of Office of Personnel Management
Director Katherine Archuleta.
Whether it’s the government or a major
corporation that’s been breached, time is of
the essence when it comes to informing the
people affected, so they can take the steps
needed to protect themselves and their personal
information. That prompts many hacked entities
to go public before all the facts are in.
Image: Daniel Acker
Gs
fin
40 |
Meanwhile, inadequate data security measures
can make it tough for whoever has been hacked
to quickly get a handle on how bad the damage
actually is.
As a result, bombshells of bad news such as
Thursday’s can fall well after the initial dust has
settled.
Adam Levin, chairman and founder of the
security firm IDT911 Consulting, blamed the
“woefully inadequate” state of data security in
both government and at major corporations.
“Any organization that has personal
identification information needs to know
exactly what they have and where they have
it,” Levin says. “Otherwise, you may not find
out for months that information has been
stolen in a breach.”
Here’s a look at some of the highest-profile
breaches in recent years:
HOME DEPOT
Home Depot said in September 2014 that 56
million debit and credit card numbers were
compromised in a months-long breach of its
computer systems. But about two months later,
the nation’s largest home improvement chain
disclosed that hackers also stole 53 million email
addresses in addition to the card data.
TARGET
Target Corp. first announced its massive data
breach in December 2013, saying that 40
million debit and credit cards were affected.
But weeks later, the retailer said that further
investigation had revealed that the hackers also
took the personal information - including email
addresses, phone numbers, names and home
addresses - of 70 million people.
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42 |
TJMAXX
TJX Cos., the parent company of retailers T.J.
Maxx and Marshall’s, didn’t say at first how
many people were affected by the data breach
it announced in 2007. At first it said the intrusion
into its customer data files took place between
May 2006 and January 2007, but it later learned
that it also was hacked into in July 2005 and
other periods during that year. Ultimately, the
breach exposed at least 45.7 million credit and
debit cards to possible fraud.
SONY PICTURES
While different than the large retail breaches,
the hacking of the computer systems at Sony
Pictures also got progressively worse in the
weeks following its initial discovery in November
2014. At first, personal information, including
emails, Social Security numbers and salary
details for nearly 50,000 current and former
Sony workers were leaked online. And screeners
of unreleased movies were uploaded to the
Internet for illegal download.
Thousands of emails involving Sony executives
many of them embarrassing, were later
released. The hackers also threatened violence
targeting movie theaters that planned to
show “The Interview,” a comedy about an
assassination attempt on the leader of North
Korea. While many major theaters canceled
showings of the movie, it went on to screen
at independent theaters and air digitally. The
Obama administration later implicated North
Korea in the attack.
44 |
‘TOMB RAIDER’ STAR
CAMILLA LUDDINGTON
NAVIGATES COMIC-CON
That brunette woman sporting big black
sunglasses on the Comic-Con show floor just
might be Lara Croft.
“Tomb Raider” actress Camilla Luddington
checked out the pop-culture action in the
San Diego Convention Center on Saturday
afternoon from behind a pair of shades.
“This is about as disguise-y as | get,” she said
holding up a pair of specs during an interview.
“Comic-Con is actually the best place to not get
recognized because there are so many people
in amazing costumes. | think that catches
the eye more than someone wearing regular
clothing, Converse and sunglasses.”
| 45
46 |
The British actress said she’s more recognized
in public for her role as Dr. Jo Wilson in ABC’s
“Grey’s Anatomy” than as Lara Croft in the new
“Tomb Raider” video games, primarily because
the developers tweak the virtual character to
look more like Croft than Luddington. However,
it has happened.
“That always blows my mind, because | assume
that people playing the game don’t know what
| actually look like,” said Luddington. “I’m more
surprised by that than anything.”
Luddington is attending Comic-Con for the
second time to promote “Rise of the Tomb
Raider,” the follow-up to the 2013 reboot of
the long-running game series starring the iconic
treasure hunter.
“| was at Comic-Con when the first game came
out, but you forget how crazy it is until you’re
here,” Luddington said. “It’s different this year
because a lot of fans were wary of us because
we were rebooting the game. | think they’re
more supportive this time because they loved
the first one so much.
After escaping a lethal Asian island in the
first game, Croft is headed to Siberia for a
mountainous adventure in “Rise of the Tomb
Raider.”
“1 feel like this Lara is more haunted after what
happened in the last game,” said Luddington.
“There’s a darker side to her, especially at the
start of the game.”
Luddington has completed most of her work
on the title, which is set for release Nov. 10 on
Xbox 360 and Xbox One, but she’s headed back
to the studio immediately following Comic-Con
for some final rounds of voice, face and motion
capture.
Online:
http://www.tombraider.com
| 47
48 |
NEW COMCAST
ONLINE VIDEO
SERVICE FOR
ITS INTERNET
CUSTOMERS
Comcast, the country’s largest cable company, is
offering its own online video alternative as people
spend fewer hours watching live TV and more
time using tablets and phones for entertainment.
The new service, called Stream, will be available
to Comcast’s Internet customers and cost $15
a month. For now, it will include only broadcast
networks like FOX and NBC in addition to HBO,
but no cable channels like AMC or TNT.
Anyone can watch broadcast networks for free on
a TV with an antenna, which costs about $20 and
up. And HBO already sells a stand-alone streaming
service for $15 a month.
| 49
yes
Comcast has ambitions to offer more TV online,
however. It wants to add cable channels over
the next year so that online TV subscribers have
“access to any of the content we have available”
for traditional cable customers by the end of
March in 2016, said Marcien Jenckes, Comcast
Cable’s executive vice president for consumer
services. Prices will be similar to traditional
cable, he said.
Comcast’s service, which is only for its customers,
follows the launch earlier this year of Dish
Network’s nationwide Internet TV service, Sling
TV, which sells for $20 a month and includes cable
channels like ESPN, AMC and Food Network.
You can also add on HBO. A slew of Internet TV
options have come in the past year as many cable
and TV companies think younger customers
prefer to watch TV online, without paying for a full
bundle that can easily top $70 a month.
The ability to smother competitors’ online TV
services was a major reason why regulators
were concerned about Comcast’s bid to buy
Time Warner Cable. It would have created a TV
and Internet behemoth that would serve more
than half of the country’s high-speed Internet
customers, as calculated by the government.
The deal never went through. Comcast dropped
its bid in April.
Comcast Corp., which is based in Philadelphia, said
Monday that it will launch the service in Boston
at the end of the summer, followed by Chicago
and Seattle. It plans to make it available to all its
Internet service customers by early 2016. Jenckes
declined to say how many customers Comcast
hoped to win online.
Comcast had more than 22 million Internet
customers at the end of the first quarter.
The Stream service has limitations. You can watch
live TV at home but there are rights restrictions
for a lot of live content if you want to watch on
your phone outside your home network.
| 51
52 |
It will work on computers, tablets and phones but
won't work directly on TVs. Instead, users can log
in to HBO’s app and other channel apps through
TV-connected gadgets like an Apple TV or Roku,
for example.
Stream does come with a DVR service that can
store 20 hours of video.
Many young people like sharing passwords for
online TV accounts with their friends. Stream
allows only two streams on separate devices at
the same time.
Like with Dish’s Sling TV, Stream customers could
sign up online and disconnect the service at any
time. A major complaint about cable service is
contracts that are difficult to escape and having to
drop off set-top boxes and other equipment after
canceling service.
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Apple'shistory Qh UNderestimated
of design
innovation = INGredient in
Apple's success
58 |
"Design is a funny word. Some people
think design means how it looks. But of
course, if you dig deeper, it's really how it
works." These words, uttered by Apple's own
visionary co-founder Steve Jobs as long ago as
1994, hints at the frequently underestimated
importance of design in Apple's lengthy run
of amazing success since Jobs rejoined the
company in 1997.
Veteran Apple designer Jony lve, recently
promoted to the position of Chief Design
Officer, has become an increasingly familiar
name in the tech world, but not just for
making a string of renowned Apple products,
including successive versions of the iPhone,
iPad and MacBook, visually alluring. We at
AppleMagazine have decided to finally give
Apple's design practices the kind of attention
that they have long been, as far as we are
concerned, unjustly denied.
4a
60 |
A WELL-DESERVED PROMOTION FOR
A HUGELY TALENTED DESIGNER
That big promotion was announced in May,
when 9to5Mac's Mark Gurman obtained an
email from Apple CEO Tim Cook informing
his company's employees of the change.
Drawing attention to Ive's long list of
achievements, Cook used the email to
note that "Jony's design responsibilities
have expanded from hardware and, more
recently, software UI to the look and feel
of Apple retail stores, our new campus in
Cupertino, product packaging and many
other parts of our company."
However, this is hardly the first time that
Ive's huge influence has been publicly
acknowledged. During his time leading Apple,
Jobs revealed to biographer Walter Isaacson
that lve "has more operational power than
anyone else at Apple except me." In 2010,
business magazine Fortune placed even
further emphasis on Ive's touch, commenting:
"From the iPod to the iPhone to the iPad, his
contributions have set the course not just for
Apple but for design more broadly."
In his email, Tim Cook also mentioned two
other Apple employees who were set to
take up new roles and, like Ive, had exercised
considerable influence over the design of
many successful Apple products. One of
these men was Richard Howarth, who was
lined up to become Apple's vice president
of Industrial Design after having contributed
to the design of successive generations of
products, including the iPhone and Mac,
over a two-decade tenure of membership of
Image: Kimberly White’
the Design team. The other man was Alan
Dye, the then soon-to-be vice president of
User Interface Design who had assisted Ive in
putting together a UI team which worked on
iOS 8 and Apple Watch.
WHAT APPLE HAS PREVIOUSLY GOT
SNOW WHITE WITH DESIGN
The lengthy periods of time for which all
three of these men have been working for
Apple nicely links us to the subject of the
broader history of Apple design. Apple is
already firmly established as one of the
globe's most admired companies, and its
design practices have played no small part
in that. However, as the saying goes, Rome
wasn't built in a day. Furthermore, to adapt
from another apt, commonly-used phrase:
if Apple's current design staff have seen
further than others, it has been by standing
on the shoulders of giants.
Apple has a long history of blazing trails in
design. Perhaps the best early example of
this is its use of the design language known
as Snow White. First used by the company
in the Apple llc computer in 1984, this
language, which had been crafted by Frog
Design, was comprised largely of vertical
and horizontal lines for both cosmetic and
practical purposes. Writer Leander Kahney
has been quoted as adding: "Snow White
designs would eventually win all the major
industry awards and be so widely copied that
it became the de facto design language of
the entire PC industry."
| 63
66 |
STEVE JOBS AND JONY IVE BROUGHT
IN BIG CHANGES
Still, the development of Apple's modern
design philosophy really began in 1997, after
Steve Jobs returned to head the company
again. Design motifs that he and Ive built
together dramatically departed from
those that Apple had previously used. For
instance, starting with the consumer portable
computer iBook G3 which entered the market
in 1999, Apple embraced minimalist design
strategies, and so the shapes of their products
became noticeably more streamlined. This
remained the case with early models of the
iPod from 2001 onward. The iPod, of course,
went on to prove a hugely popular and
revolutionary device.
The minimalist design approach has since
spread from Apple products to the company's
retail stores and even its massive, currently
under-construction campus in Cupertino.
lve's promotion to Chief Design Officer has
handed him yet more control over the look
of Apple's retail stores. Last month, this led
AppleMagazine to speculate about how this
look could change as a result.
Image: Carl Berkeley
| 67
68 |
Images: Jim Abeles
70 |
JONY IVE "BRINGING ORDER TO
COMPLEXITY" WITH iOS
In the opening keynote of the Worldwide
Developers Conference in June 2013, Apple
formally announced iOS 7 and proudly
branded it the "biggest change to iOS
since the introduction of the iPhone”.
Ive's influence was substantial even here;
he had recently been handed ultimate
responsibility over the design of iOS, in his
new position of Senior Vice President of
Design. During the keynote, lve appeared
in a video in which he pointed out a new,
more stripped-down look to icons and other
elements of the interface. In his own words,
the changes were, in a nutshell, "bringing
order to complexity".
Writing for The New York Times, tech
columnist David Pogue praised the
redesign, calling it a bigger step forward
for Apple than the new iPhones released
in the same month as iOS 7. He noted
that the "complete absence of graphic
embellishments makes it especially
utilitarian", adding that this is "good,
because whatever button or function you
need is easier to find". He also highlighted
how several familiar functions no longer
required as many steps to activate, thus
speeding up aspects of routine use of
iOS devices. His observations help to
demonstrate how Ive's design modifications
had enhanced the practicality, not just the
appearance, of iOS - and all this despite the
designer having never before been placed
in charge of an entire software universe.
(£4
IOS
72 |
WHAT MOST OF THE WORLD STILL
DOESN'T UNDERSTAND ABOUT
DESIGN
As perhaps the world's most successful
tech designer, lve could be better placed
than anyone else to voice what design is
really all about - and it extends far beyond
the occasional pretty translucent monitor,
however much of a staple that has become
in various lines of Apple computers brought
to the market during the Ives era. In a rare,
in-depth interview with Time magazine, lve
reveals that he considers himself a maker
more than a designer, clarifying: "I want
to know what things are for, how they
work, what they can or should be made
of, before | even begin to think what they
should look like."
This seems an appropriate stage to return
to what, right at the start of this article,
we quoted Steve Jobs saying about design
in 1994. On that occasion, he went on to
elaborate: "To design something really
well, you have to get it." Not that this was
easily comprehended by many people back
then, as remains the case even today. Jobs
observed: "It takes a passionate commitment
to really thoroughly understand something,
chew it up, not just quickly swallow it. Most
people don't take the time to do that." We
are heartened to say that, were Jobs still
alive and reiterating this sentiment, that
"most people" certainly wouldn't include
people who have read this article. m
by Benjamin Kerry & Gavin Lenaghan
Image: Andrew Zuckerman
BETTER THAN FRIENDS? THIS ROBOT
GIVES UNDIVIDED ATTENTION
I’m Japanese and so I’m a sucker for cute
things, like manga, quirky figurines and mascot
characters. And Pepper, the new companion
robot from Tokyo-based technology company
Softbank Corp., delivers cuteness like you’ve
never seen.
What's striking is the absolutely ardent
attention it gives you - frankly a lot better than
some real-life people.
“You look a bit thin,” it coos in a soft childlike
voice, free of any rigid mechanical accent. “You
should watch what you eat.”
The 121-centimeter (four-foot) tall white
machine-on-wheels was disarmingly charming
and definitely intriguing when | spent half a
day with it, ahead of its delivery to its first
customers later this month.
It’s another matter entirely whether it’s worth
the price tag of 198,000 yen ($1,600), plus
the maintenance and insurance costs that
ownership entails, adding up to some 1.2
million yen ($10,000) for an estimated three-
year lifespan.
| 75
76 |
Only available in Japan so far, overseas sales are
undecided. The programming it has now caters
to Japanese tastes. A U.S. version will obviously
have to be quite different.
Pepper has cameras, lasers and infrared in its
hairless head so it can detect human faces.
Whatever direction you move, its cocked head
will also move, intently looking into your face
with its big eyes, like a puppy. Except this pet
can talk.
As long as you don’t walk too far from it,
removing yourself from its attention, Pepper
will prattle on and on, switching from one small
talk topic to another, gesticulating at times with
its five-fingered soft hands for effect.
“Do you want to play a quiz game? What animal
goes like this: bow wow,” it might say. It will tell
you “cat” is the wrong answer.
And then it will ask, “What did you have for
dinner?” If you say, “Tempura,” it has enough
voice recognition to decipher that and will
reply: “Oh, Japanese.” | tried answering,
“Steak,” another time. It said, “Oh, Western.”
Yes, the conversations do sometimes repeat
themselves, but so does human dialogue.
The robot is equipped with enough of a
repertoire to avoid easy boredom. That
repertoire is constantly being updated through
a WiFi connection.
Each Pepper is hand-made by Foxconn in China,
limiting supplies to 1,000 a month. The first
batch for July sold out in a minute.
It’s attracting regular technology fans but also a
kindergarten, a cafe and people who’re buying
it for their elderly parents.
The kind of patient interaction Pepper excels at
is recommended for people with dementia. So
Pepper might come to the rescue of stressed
out families.
80 |
Equipped with artificial intelligence by
Aldebaran of France, Pepper has what
Softbank calls an emotional engine, meaning
it reacts to what it interprets as anger or
sorrow in humans around it by deciphering
voice tones, facial expressions and language.
It also has programming that sets off the
equivalent of its own human emotions, such
as getting nervous if a room suddenly goes
dark, or elation when you pet its head and
shower it with praise, such as: “You are the
best-looking robot | have ever seen. | love
you. You’re the best.”
“| am going to cry for joy,” it says, throwing its
arms up in the air.
On the flat-panel display attached to its chest,
it offers boxes to tap for various tasks, such as
reading storybooks, giving a tarot-card reading,
playing the radio, working as a drum machine
and relaying the weather forecast.
It has some cool dance moves as well. One is
shaking its body in a rubbery way. Another
is doing elegant hand gestures as it plays
Tchaikovsky’s “Nutcracker.”
Owners may be tempted to give the thing a wig
or dress it up. That’s not recommended as it
can overheat. It keeps going for 10 to 12 hours
ona single charge. It charges from a regular
household outlet.
| 81
Softbank offers a basic software application
kit so even a child can create applications for
Pepper. Softbank has an in-house standard for
violence, pornography and other abuse for its
own applications.
This is not some slapped together toy of a
robot. It’s the first convincing semblance of a
step toward artificial intelligence fantasized in
science fiction movies that’s affordable for the
regular home.
It isn’t for everyone. You have to have an open
mind.
The way it’s designed, Pepper is basically about
human relationships.
It could be the life of a party. It could be a
dream-come-true robot friend for a child.
For parents, it can keep track of a baby growing
up with photos Pepper takes over the years
and other data kept in cloud storage. Pepper’s
record could also hold special meaning, if its
owner were to die.
Pepper is imperfect. But so are human beings.
It tried to guess how tall | was and said 163
centimeters (five foot four), 10 centimeters
(four inches) taller than | am. | said | wanted
to go to “Hawaii,” but it misheard that as not
going anywhere, perhaps because the Japanese
for none, or “nai,” rhymes with Hawaii.
Of course, there is no illusion it’s human. But
just as a movie, a video game or a good book
can be fascinating, without any pretense about
being real, Pepper is fun.
“Let’s grow and get better together,” it
says with bubbly emotion in a poignant
conversational moment.
Even when it isn’t talking and standing still, it
appears to be breathing, inhaling and exhaling
softly. Its arms move ever so slightly. N
And that is preciously cute.
Image: Yoshikazu Tsuno
4
82 |
-
| 83
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Requires iOS 7.0 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.
This app is optimized for iPhone 5, iPhone 6, and iPhone 6 Plus.
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Category: Photo & Video
Requires iOS 6.0 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.
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iPhone 5s, iPhone 6, iPhone 6 Plus, iPad, and iPod touch. This app is optimized for iPhone 5
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#09 - MONOPOLY Game
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Requires iOS 5.1.1 or later. Compatible with iPhone, iPad, and iPod touch.
This app is optimized for iPhone 5
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Category: Photo & Video / Price: $0.99
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86 |
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| L£)
by Alex Garland
Genre: Sci-Fi & Fantasy
Released: 2015
Price: $14.99
KK kk
380 Ratings
Rotten Tomatoes
Ex Machina
Programmer Caleb Smith (Domhnall
Gleeson) is chosen by his globally popular
Internet-search company Blue Book’s CEO,
Nathan Bateman (Oscar Isaac), to use the
Turing Test to judge the capabilities and
consciousness of his new experiment in
artificial intelligence. This project is an
android called Ava (Alicia Vikander), who
turns out to show surprisingly sophisticated
emotional intelligence. That intelligence also
turns out to be surprisingly deceptive...
FIVE FACTS:
1. Though he wrote the screenplays for 28
Days Later, Sunshine, Never Let Me Go and
Dredd, Ex Machina is Alex Garland’s debut as a
director.
2. The initial spark of inspiration for Ex
Machina occurred when Garland was 11 or
12 years old, after some computer coding
and experimenting led him to occasionally
feel that his computer was self-thinking.
3. The movie was shot during summer
2013, at Pinewood Studios, near London,
and Juvet Landscape Hotel in the valley of
Valldalen in Norway.
4. To avoid having to add conventional
action scenes and so keep complete creative
freedom, Garland kept the movie's budget
as small as possible.
}. Ironically given the futuristic feel of this
Vie, Oscar Isaac has played another, but
historical, leader in film: the thirteenth century
King John of England in Ridley Scott's 2010
film Robin Hood.
Trailer
See morein
iTunes | 39
RAFLK BP.
je Longest Ride
Luke Collins (Scott Eastwood) seeks to make
a big comeback as a bull rider, while Sophia
(Brittany Robertson) is a college student
closing in on an exciting art job in New York
City. Their romance is tested by their differing
paths and ideals, but the relationship changes
after they meet an old man called Ira (Alan
Alda), who has an inspiring love story of his
own to tell.
FIVE FACTS:
1. The Longest Ride is the tenth film to have
been adapted from a romantic novel by
Nicholas Sparks.
2. Three of the actors are descendants
of well-known movie directors. Scott
Eastwood is Clint Eastwood's son, Jack Huston
is John Huston’s grandson, and Oona Chaplin
is Charles Chaplin's granddaughter.
3. Filming started on June 16, 2014 in the
North Carolina cities Wilmington and
Vinston-Salem.
The production crew originally intended
film a significant rodeo scene in another
orth Carolina city, Jacksonville. That city
Was indeed used for shooting, but the crew
later decided to film the rodeo part in
Winston-Salem instead.
5. The eleventh movie adapted from a
Nicholas Sparks novel, The Choice, will be
theatrically released in the US on February 5,
016.
92 |
‘Tu nes Preview |
(S)| f)|¥)
by George Till
Genre: Drama
Released: 2015
Price: $14.99
~
kkk he
339 Ratings
Trailer
Q&A with Scott Eastwood and Britt Robertson
94 |
OWL CITY
Released: Jul
10 Songs”
rice: $9.99
Genre: Elect NA,
10) 2015
2
Kk kk
} 669 Ratings.
Mobile Orchestra
Owl City
This is the fifth studio album of Owl City, the
electronica project set up in 2007 by Adam
Young, a man of many musical talents. A lead
single, “Verge”, made its debut on ESPN's Draft
Academy in May, and now Owl City fans can
hear much more. They can look forward to
hearing a release that has been favorably
received by critics.
FIVE FACTS:
1. Following “Verge” on May 14, the two
other promotional singles so far released
from Mobile Orchestra are “My Everything”
on June 5 and “Unbelievable” on June 26.
2. Young originally announced his intention
to release an Owl City album in 2015 by
releasing a new promotional song,
“2015”, in which he sang the news.
3. Scott Fryberger, writing for Jesus Freak
Hideout, has described the album as “solid
pop” and “a big, fat, shiny diamond”.
4. The most commercially successful of all
of Owl City’s songs so far has been “Fireflies”,
which reached the top of the Billboard
Hot 100 in 2009.
5. Young's other projects under which music
has been released include Port Blue, Sky
Sailing and Swimming With Dolphins.
98 |
My Everything
Sometime Last
Night
R5
is ‘
R5 is an American pop rock band consisting SOMETIME CAST RIGHT
of Lynch siblings Riker, Rocky, Ross and Rydel,
plus family friend Ellington Ratliff. Released (
iTunes Preview |
JL Aly)
Genre: Pop/Rock
Released: Jul 10, 2015
on July 10, Sometime Last Night is the
band’s second studio album. The band will
be performing on various dates in the US to
promote the album - but, until they play near
you, enjoy the new album's songs including
“Smile” and “All Night”
ae)
13 Songs
FIVE FACTS: Price: $9.99
1. Three singles have been released KKKKK
1156 Ratings
from the album, starting with “Smile” on
November 14, 2014.
2. Sometime Last Night arrives almost two
years after R5’s debut studio album, Louder,
which was released in September 2013 and
included the singles “Loud” and “Pass Me By”.
3. Sometime Last Night was preceded by
R5’s release of the EP Heart Made Up on You
about a year earlier.
4. Nonetheless, none of the songs on that EP
actually appear on Sometime Last Night - as,
during that album's production, the band
decided that they wanted a “blank slate”.
5. The only promotional single from the
album, “F.E.E.L. G.O.O.D.’, was released on
June 30 through iTunes.
100|
Smile
R5 Talk Sometime Last Night
1103
SE GENCE = te
104|
1105
We’ve made it to Pluto by NASA's calculations,
the last stop on a planetary tour of the solar
system a half-century in the making.
The moment of closest approach for the New
Horizons spacecraft came around 7:49 a.m.
EDT Tuesday, culminating an epic journey from
planet Earth that spanned more than 3 billion
miles and 9 1/2 years.
“This is truly a hallmark in human history,”
said John Grunsfeld, NASA's science mission
chief. “It’s been an incredible voyage.”
Based on everything NASA knows, New
Horizons was pretty much straight on course
for the historic encounter, sweeping within
7,700 miles of Pluto at 31,000 mph. It actually
happened 72 seconds earlier and about 40
miles closer than anticipated.
But official confirmation of the flyby wasn’t
due until Tuesday night, 13 nerve-racking
hours later. That’s because NASA wants New
Horizons taking pictures of Pluto, its jumbo
moon Charon and its four little moons during
this critical time, not gabbing to Earth.
In a cosmic coincidence, the encounter
occurred 50 years after Mariner 4’s flyby of
Mars that yielded the first close-up pictures of
the red planet.
“| think it’s fitting that on the 50th anniversary
we complete the initial reconnaissance of the
planets with the exploration of Pluto,” said
principal scientist Alan Stern.
The United States is now the only nation to
visit every single planet in the solar system.
Pluto was No. 9 in the lineup when New
Horizons departed Cape Canaveral, Florida, on
Jan. 19, 2006, but was demoted seven months
later to dwarf status. Scientists in charge of
the $720 million mission, as well as NASA
brass, hope the new observations will restore
Pluto’s honor.
1107
108|
“It’s a huge morning, a huge day not just
for NASA but for the United States,” NASA
Administrator Charles Bolden said from NASA
headquarters in Washington.
NASA marked the moment live on TV,
broadcasting from flight operations at Johns
Hopkins University’s Applied Physics Laboratory,
the spacecraft’s developer and manager.
\
Inside “countdown central” in Laurel, Maryland,
hundreds jammed together to share in the final
minutes, including the two children of the late
American astronomer who discovered Pluto in
1930, Clyde Tombaugh. The actual flight control
room was empty save for a worker sweeping up;
the spacecraft was preprogrammed for the flyby
and there was nothing anyone could do at that
point but join in the celebration.
The crowd waved U.S. flags and counted
down the seconds, screaming, cheering and
applauding. Chants of “USA!” broke out.
At a news conference afterward, Grunsfeld,
Stern and mission operations manager Alice
Bowman unveiled a picture of Pluto taken just
Monday. The icy, impacted world - a fusion of
peach and brassy colors with bright spots at
points northward, including the now-famous
heart, and darker areas around the equator -
drew oohs and aahs.
Even better pictures will start “raining” down to
the ground beginning Wednesday, Stern said,
“a data waterfall.” But the planetary scientist
at Southwest Research Institute in Boulder,
Colorado, cautioned everyone to “stay tuned”
until New Horizons phones home Tuesday
night. Only then will anyone know whether the
spacecraft survived its passage through the Pluto
system, five moons included.
“Hopefully it did, and we’re counting on that,”
Stern told journalists. “But there’s a little bit of
drama because this is true exploration. New
Horizons is flying into the unknown.”
It takes 4 1/2 hours for signals to travel one-way
between New Horizons and flight controllers,
the speed of light. The last time controllers
heard from the spacecraft was Monday night,
according to plan, and everything looked good.
New Horizons already has beamed back the
best-ever images of Pluto and big moon Charon.
Pluto also has four little moons, all of which were
expected to come under New Horizons’ scrutiny.
Bowman said she has to pinch herself as she
reflects on all the mission’s accomplishments.
“To see Pluto be revealed just before our eyes,
it’s just fantastic,” she said. She considers New
Horizons like her own child and is simultaneously
“nervous and proud” as she waits to hear back
from it.
1109
110]
NASA‘s planetary science director, Jim Green, also
is “on pins and needles.” During its approach to
Pluto, New Horizons scouted for any dangerous
debris out there that could wipe out the mission.
“They’re confident the way is clear, but you know,
he said, throwing up his hands, “we’re moving into
the unknown. You never can tell.”
The odds of a devastating blow, at this late point,
are said to be an extremely low one or two in
10,000.
Pictures from the actual flyby, won’t be
transmitted until well afterward so the seven
science instruments can take full advantage of the
encounter. In fact, it will take more than a year
to get back all the data - 16 full months, or until
October or November 2016.
On the eve of the flyby, NASA announced that
Pluto is actually bigger than anyone imagined,
thanks to measurements made by the spacecraft,
a baby grand piano-size affair. It’s about 50 miles
bigger, for a grand total of 1,473 miles in diameter.
But that’s still puny by solar-system standards:
Pluto is just two-thirds the size of Earth’s moon.
Thanks to New Horizons, Pluto is now confirmed
to be the largest object in the so-called Kuiper
Belt, considered the third zone of the solar system
after the inner rocky planets and outer gaseous
ones. This unknown territory is a shooting gallery
of comets and other small bodies.
If a mission extension is granted, New Horizons
will seek out another Kuiper Belt object before
heading out of the solar system - for good.
Continued success and interest, meanwhile, could
lead to a Pluto-orbiting mission, Green said.
“These are the events that catch our imaginations
and remind us why we must continue investing
in planetary science and NASA’s mission of
space exploration,” Rep. Lamar Smith, R-Texas,
chairman of the House Science, Space and
Technology Committee, said in a statement.
-
A |
a
112|
SPOTLIGHT SHINING ON PLUTO ON
COLD OUTSKIRTS OF SOLAR SYSTEM
CAPE CANAVERAL, Fla. (AP) -- The spotlight is
bright enough to thaw even Pluto.
Well, not quite, but the tiny, icy world is getting
front-page, prime-time attention for its first visit
by a spacecraft - NASA’s New Horizons.
Tuesday morning’s 31,000-mph flyby - with
closest approach at 7,700 miles, the approximate
distance between Seattle and Sydney, or New
York and Mumbai - is expected to open up
new ground on the last unexplored planetary
territory of our solar system.
“Turning little dots, little points of light into
planets,” is what New Horizons, on the road
for 9 1/2 years and 3 billion miles, is all about,
principal scientist Alan Stern said Monday.
Here’s a rundown on Pluto, a 20th-century
discovery about to become the 21st-century
darling of astronomers:
DISCOVERY
Pluto is the only planet (OK, now former planet)
in our solar system discovered by an American.
Astronomer Clyde Tombaugh spotted the dot
in 1930 from Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff,
Arizona. The name Pluto came from a British
schoolgirl, Venetia Burney, then 11, based on the
mythological god of the underworld.
Tombaugh died at age 90 in 1997, nine years
before New Horizons took flight. A smidgen of
his ashes is on board. Burney died in 2009, also
at age 90. A student-built dust counter aboard
New Horizons - from the University of Colorado
at Boulder - is named after her.
Both of Tombaugh’s two children, now in
their 70s, were at the New Horizons mission
operations center in Maryland for Tuesday’s
celebration.
114|
FIVE MOONS
Big moon Charon was discovered in 1978 by
Americans using the U.S. Naval Observatory in
Flagstaff, followed by little moons Nix and Hydra
in 2005, Kerberos in 2011 and Styx in 2012.
The Hubble Space Telescope revealed all four
baby moons. Astronomers stuck to underworld
undertones when it came to the names.
New Horizons will hunt for more moons, but at
this point, they would have to be pretty elusive -
scientists guess probably less than a mile across.
The Pluto empire, complete with six bodies, at
least for now, is like its own mini solar system.
FORGET THE SUNGLASSES
Pluto is so far from the sun - between 2.8 billion
and 4.6 billion miles - that twilight reigns. At high
noon on Pluto, it looks as though it would be
dawn or dusk on Earth. And let’s not forget the
frigid weather, given its distance from the sun.
Temperatures can plunge to minus-400 degrees.
Pluto’s orbit is extremely oblong, plus it’s tilted.
It takes 248 years for Pluto to orbit the sun. Thus,
it’s only made it about one-third of the way
around the sun since its discovery in 1930. Every
so often, Neptune’s orbit exceeds Pluto’s, putting
Neptune slightly farther out.
1115
FIRST A PLANET, THEN IT’S NOT
Pluto is the only planet to get kicked out of the
solar system club.
Just seven months after New Horizons rocketed
away from Cape Canaveral, Florida, in 2006, the
International Astronomical Union declassified
Pluto as the ninth planet for technical reasons.
Instead, it became a dwarf planet. The decision
left the solar system with eight full-fledged
planets, with Mercury replacing Pluto as the
smallest.
The latest measurements made by New
Horizons put Pluto a little bigger than anyone
imagined: 1,473 miles in diameter.
New Horizons scientists, as well as NASA's
leaders, are hoping the new pictures will restore
Pluto’s planet status.
THE TWILIGHT ZONE
Pluto is the biggest object in the icy Kuiper Belt,
also known as the third zone after the inner
rocky planets and outer gaseous giants. It’s also
called the Twilight Zone because of its great
distance from the sun.
The Kuiper Belt (pronounced KIE-per) is full
of comets and other small frosty objects.
It’s named after the late Dutch-American
astronomer Gerard Kuiper, who proposed a bevy
of small bodies beyond Neptune back in the
1950s. The New Horizons team hopes to go after
a smaller Kuiper Belt object following the Pluto
flyby, provided a mission extension is approved.
Online:
NASA: https://www.nasa.gov/mission-pages/
newhorizons
Johns Hopkins University: http://pluto.jhuapl.
edu/
LIFTING
TRANSG
BAN
PENTAGON
ANNOUNC
PLAN AIMED
aa
AT
END
ral
ie 1119
The Pentagon’s current regulations banning
transgender individuals from serving in the
military are outdated, Defense Secretary Ash
Carter said Monday, ordering a six-month study
aimed at formally ending one of the last gender-
or sexuality-based barriers to military service.
Carter said he is creating a working group that
will review the policies and determine if lifting
the ban would have any impact on the military’s
ability to be ready for battle. But he said the
group will begin with the presumption that
transgender people should be able to serve
openly “without adverse impact on military
effectiveness and readiness, unless and except
where objective, practical impediments are
identified.” The plan, which was first reported by
The Associated Press, gives the services time to
methodically work through the legal, medical and
administrative issues and develop training to ease
any transition, and senior leaders believed six
months would be sufficient.
“The Defense Department’s current regulations
regarding transgender service members are
outdated and are causing uncertainty that
distracts commanders from our core missions,”
Carter said in a statement released Monday.
“At a time when our troops have learned from
experience that the most important qualification
for service members should be whether they’re
able and willing to do their job, our officers and
enlisted personnel are faced with certain rules
that tell them the opposite.”
Carter asked his personnel undersecretary,
Brad Carson, to lead the working group of
senior military and civilian leaders to take an
objective look at the issue, including the costs,
and determine whether it would create any
insurmountable problems that could derail the
plan. The group would also develop uniform
guidelines. During the six months, transgender
individuals would still not be able to join the
military, but any decisions to force out those
already serving would be referred to Carson.
1121
One senior official said the goal was to avoid
forcing any transgender service members to leave
during that time. That official was not authorized
to discuss the matter publicly and spoke on
condition of anonymity.
Some of the key concerns involved in the repeal
of the ban include whether the military would
conduct or pay for the medical costs of surgeries
and other treatment associated with any gender
transition, as well as which physical training or
testing standards transgender individuals would
be required to meet during different stages of
their transition.
Officials said the military also wants time to tackle
questions about where transgender troops would
be housed, what uniforms they would wear,
what berthing they would have on ships, which
bathrooms they would use and whether their
presence would affect the ability of small units
to work well together. The military has dealt with
many similar questions as it integrated the ranks
by race, gender and sexual orientation.
Transgender people - those who identify with a
different gender than they were born with and
sometimes take hormone treatments or have
surgery to develop the physical characteristics
of their preferred gender - are banned from
military service. But studies and other surveys
have estimated that as many as 15,000
transgender people serve in the active-duty
military and the reserves, often in secret but in
many cases with the knowledge of their unit
commander or peers.
“Obviously this isn’t finished, but Secretary
Carter’s clear statement of intent means that
transgender service members should and will be
treated with the same dignity as other service
members,” said Allyson Robinson, Army veteran
and policy director for an association of lesbian,
gay, bisexual and transgender military personnel
called Service Members, Partners and Allies for
Respect and Tolerance for All, or SPARTA.
1123
124|
Brynn Tannehill, who was a Navy pilot before
leaving the force and transitioning to a woman,
recalled the difficulties when serving.
“It was stressful and it was something that |
couldn’t talk with anyone about, because if you
even breathed a word of it you didn’t know what
was going to happen,” said Tannehill, who still
serves in Individual Ready Reserve. “You could
lose your career, that I’d worked so hard for.”
Several Congress members, including Rep.
Adam Smith, ranking Democrat on the House
Armed Services Committee, expressed support
for Carter’s decision. But the more conservative
Family Research Center questioned the change.
“Considering the abysmal condition of our
military and a decline in readiness, why is this
a top priority for the Obama administration?”
said retired Lt. Gen. Jerry Boykin, the council’s
executive vice president. “The Pentagon must
answer whether this proposed policy makes our
military more capable of performing its mission.
The answer is a very clear and resounding no.”
The move follows several weeks of high-level
meetings in the Pentagon among military chiefs,
secretaries and Defense Department leaders,
including one Monday involving Carter and the
chiefs of the various services.
Military leaders have pointed to the gradual - and
ultimately successful - transition after the ban
on gays serving openly in the military was lifted
in 2011. Although legislation repealing that ban
passed Congress in late 2010, the military services
spent months conducting training and reviews
before the decision actually took effect the
following September.
The latest Pentagon move comes just weeks after
the Supreme Court upheld the right of same-sex
couples to marry.
Officials familiar with the Pentagon meetings
said the chiefs of the Army, Navy, Marine Corps
and Air Force did not express opposition to
1125
126|
lifting the ban. Instead, they said the military
leaders asked for time to figure out health care,
housing and other questions and also to provide
information and training to the troops to ensure
a smooth transition. Although guidelines require
that transgender individuals be dismissed from
the military, the services in recent months have
required more senior leaders to make the final
decisions on those cases, effectively slowing the
dismissal process. The transgender issue came
to the fore as the military struggled with how
to deal with convicted national security leaker
Chelsea Manning’s request for hormone therapy
and other treatment while she’s in prison.
Manning, arrested as Bradley Manning, is the
first transgender military prisoner to request such
treatment, and the Army approved the hormone
therapy, under pressure from a lawsuit.
|127
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SONGS
CHEERLEADER
(FELIX JAEHN REMIX RADIO EDIT)
Om!
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FIGHT SONG
RACHEL PLATTEN
WATCH ME (WHIP/NAE NAE)
SWLENTO
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AwbyY GRAMMER
SHUT UP AND DANCE
WALK THE MOO
GOOD FOR YOU (FEAT. ASAP ROCKY)
SELENA GOMEZ
WORTHIT (FEAT. KID INK)
FietH HARMONY
LEAN ON (FEAT. M@ & DJ SNAKE)
Mayor LAzER
BAD BLOOD (FEAT. KENDRICK LAMAR)
TAYLOR SWIFT
1129
_ ALBUMS
1989
TayLor SWIFT
KIDZ BOP 29
BREAKING BENJAMIN
MONTEVALLO
Sam Hunt
LEGEND (REMASTERED)
Bos Martey & THE WAILERS
BLURRYFACE
TWENTY ONE PILOTS
COMING HOME
Leon BribGes
X (DELUXE EDITION)
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SOMETIME LAST NIGHT
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JEKYLL + HYDE
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MOBILE ORCHESTRA
Om Ciry
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132|
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MUSIC VIDEOS
WATCH ME (WHIP/NAE NAE)
SWLENTO
BAD BLOOD (FEAT. KENDRICK LAMAR)
Taylor SWIFT
GOOD FOR YOU
SELENA GOMEZ
UPTOWN FUNK (FEAT. BRUNO MARS)
Mark Ronson
GIRL CRUSH
Lime Big TOWN
CHEERLEADER (FELIX JAEHN REMIX)
MEGHAN TRAINOR
Om!
SHAKE/T OFF
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RACHEL PLATTEN
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& | PiTBULL
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Mr, Rosor, SEASON 7
EPS1.1_ONE-AND-ZEROES.MPEG
Mk. Rosor, SEASON 1
EPISODE 2
Humans
_ GAME ON, CHARLES
Prerry Lirtte Liars, SEASON 6
3 (US Series)
‘ON SAND
vate
GREY
EL James
GO SETA WATCHMAN
Harper Lee
THE GIRL ON THE TRAIN
Pauta HAWKINS
PAPER TOWNS
JOHN GREEN
TO KILL AMOCKINGBIRD
Harper Lee
CODE OF CONDUCT
Brab THOR
THE ENGLISH SPY
DANIEL SILVA
LUCKIEST GIRL ALIVE
JessICA KNOLL
THE MARTIAN
Anpy Weir
THE RUMOR
Eun HILDERBRAND
1137
a SILICON VALLEY
COMPANY STARTS
TO TAKE COURT
DISPUTES ONLINE
Imagine working out a divorce without hiring an
attorney or stepping into court or disputing the
tax assessment on your home completely online.
A Silicon Valley company is starting to make both
possibilities a reality with software that experts
say represents the next wave of technology in
which the law is turned into computer code that
can solve legal battles without the need for a
judge or attorney.
“We're not quite at the Google car stage in
law, but there are no conceptual or technical
barriers to what we’re talking about,” said Oliver
Goodenough, director of the Center for Legal
Innovation at Vermont Law School, referring to
Google’s self-driving car.
1139
140|
The computer programs, at least initially, have
the ability to relieve overburdened courts
of small claims cases, traffic fines and some
family law matters. But Goodenough and other
experts envision a future in which even more
complicated disputes are resolved online, and
they say San Jose, California-based Modria has
gone far in developing software to realize that.
“There is a version of the future when
computers get so good that we trust them to
play this role in our society, and it lets us get
justice to more people because it’s cheaper and
more transparent,” said Colin Rule, Modria’s co-
founder.
Officials in Ohio are using Modria’s software
to resolve disputes over tax assessments and
keep them out of court, and a New York-based
arbitration association has deployed it to settle
medical claims arising from certain types of car
crashes.
In the Netherlands, Modria software is being
used to guide people through their divorces.
The program walks couples through more than
two dozen questions, including how they want
to co-parent any children they have. It suggests
values for spousal support and notes areas of
agreement. A second module allows them to
negotiate areas of disagreement. If they reach a
resolution, they can print up divorce papers that
are then reviewed by an attorney to make sure
neither side is giving away too much before they
are filed in court.
Hundreds of couples have gone through the
system since it launched in February, said Larry
Friedberg, Modria’s chief marketing officer.
Modria’s founders initially developed their
software to help eBay and PayPal solve customer
complaints about damaged goods or late
deliveries without employing teams of customer
service representatives. At eBay, Rule said his
system was resolving 60 million disputes a year.
142|
He co-founded Modria in 2011. Although the
company’s focus is on selling its technology
to e-commerce businesses, Rule said he is
passionate about deploying it to courts.
“| can build great tools that represent the
cutting edge of technology and extend it into
the legal sector where none of that expertise
resides,” he said.
A Michigan company, Court Innovations, is using
similar technology to resolve traffic disputes. In
four court districts in the state, people ticketed
on suspicion of running a red light or speeding
can go online and provide an explanation in
hopes of getting the ticket thrown out or a
lower fine. Prosecutors review the information
and make a decision that can be transmitted
electronically to the alleged scofflaw for
acceptance or rejection, said MJ Cartwright,
the company’s CEO. The system has had more
than 800 users so far, almost all of whom have
resolved their cases online, she said.
“When you’re online, there’s a lot you don’t
know about that person such as their race and
other things that can cloud the decision-making
process,” she said.
Technology such as Modria’s can provide legal
support to people and businesses that have
written off lawyers and the court system as too
expensive and tedious and would otherwise try
to resolve their disputes on their own, said Larry
Bridgesmith, a law professor at Vanderbilt Law
School in Tennessee who focuses on dispute
resolution strategies.
The American Bar Association recommended
Bridgesmith as an expert on the subject.
The technology won’t do away with attorneys,
but it will require them to adapt, he said.
“lf lawyers begin to understand that those are
tools they can use to lower the costs of entry
into the legal system ... they can get back in the
business of serving clients who are presently not
served,” he said.
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