Text content (OCR)
For The Serious User Of Apple ][ Computers
Softkeys For:
Cannonball Blitz
More Stickybears
Gessler Software
Instant Recall
Financial Cookbook
128K Zaxxon
Super Zaxxon
Holy Grail and Inca
Core:
The Games of 1985:
A Review
Feature:
ProEdit: A ProDOS
block editor
(Page 19)
Hardcore COMPUTIST
PO Box 110846-T
Tacoma, WA 98411
Many of the articles published in Hardcore COMPUTIST detail the removal of copy prote
ion
schemes from commercial disks or contain information on copy protection and backup methods
in general. We also print bit copy parameters.
s for adventure games, advanced playing
techniques (APT's) for arcade game fanatics and any other information which may be of use
to the serious Apple user,
Hardcore COMPUTIST also contains a special CORE section which focuses on information
not directly related to copy protection. Topic
hardwar
m:
‘software product reviews and application and utility programs,
include, but are not limited to: tutorials,
What Is A Softkey Anyway? Sottkey is a term
which we coined to describe a procedure that removes,
of at least circumvents, any copy protection on a
particular disk. One procedure has been
performed. the resulting disk can usually be copied by
the use of Apple's COPYA program (on the DOS 3.3
System Master Disk),
Commands And Controls: In any article appearing
in Hardcore COMPUTIST. commands which a reader
is required Lo perform are set apart from purmal text by
being indented and bold. An example is
PRIG
Follow this with the RETURN key, The RETURN key
must be pressed at the end of every such command unless
otherwise specified
Control characters are indicated by being boxed, An
example is:
6(P)
To complete this command. you must first type the
number 6 and then place one finger on the CTRL key
and one finger on the P key
Requirements: Most of the programs and softkeys
which appear in Hardcore COMPUTIST require one of
the Apple |] series of computers and at least on disk drive
with DOS 3.3. Occasionally, some programs and
procedures have special requirements. The prerequisites
for deprotection techniques or programs will always be
listed at the beginning of the article under the
~'Requirements:"" heading
Software Recommendations: the following pro
grams (or similar ones) are strongly recommended for
readers who wish to obtain the most benefit from our
urticles:
1) Applesoft Program Editor such as Global Program
Line Editor (GPLE)
2) Sector Editor such as DiskBdit. ZAP from Bag of
Tricks or Tricky Dick from The CLA
3) Disk Search Utility such as The Inspector, The
Tracer feomn The CIA or The CORE Disk Seas
4) Assembler sch as the S-C Assembler or Merlin’ Big
Mac
5) Bit Copy Program such us Copy J] Plus, Locksmith
ssential Data Duplicator
6) Text Editor capable of producing nom
text files such as Applewriter Jf. Ma
‘or Sereeawriter If
You will also find COPYA, FID and MUFFIN from
the DOS 3.3 System Master Disk useful
Super IOB: This program has most recently appeared
in Hardcore COMPUTIST No. 22. Several softkey
procedures will make use of a Super 1OB controller, a
small program that must be keyed into the middle of
Super JOB. The controller changes Super IOB so that
can copy different disks, To get the latest version of
this program, you may order Hardcore COMPUTIST
No, 22 as a back issue or order Program Library Disk
No. 22
RESET Into The Monitor: Many softkey pro-
cedures require that the user be able to enter the Apple's
syste monitor during the execution of a copy protected
program. Check the following [ist to see what hardware
you will need obtain this ability
Apple }[ Plus - Apple ‘/e - Apple compatibles: |) Place
an Integer BASIC ROM card in one of the Apple slots
2) Use a non-maskable interrupt (NMI) card such ay
Replay or Wildcard
Apple J Phas - Apple compatibles: |) Install an F¥ ROM.
with a modified RESET vector on the computer's
motherboard as detailed an the “Modified ROM’s" article
‘of Hardcore COMPUTIST No. 6 ot the “Dual ROM's’
article in Hardcore COMPUTIST No, 19,
Apple //e - Apple ‘/e: Install 3 modified CD ROM on
the computer's motherboard. Doa Lancaster's company
s 746 First Street; Box 809-HC: Thatcher.
pice HelpLine 612-428-4073) sells the
'y to niake thiy mexiification. Making
fe will voud its warranty
but the increased ability 10 remove copy protection may
justify it
Recommended Literature; The Apple jf Reference
Manual and DOS 3.3 manual are musts for any seriows
Apple user. Other helpful books include: Beneath Apple
DOS, Don Worth and Peter Leichner. Quality Softwar,
$19.98: Assembly Language For The Applesoft
Programmer, Ruy Meyers and CW, Finkey, Addison
Wesley, $16.95; and Whar's Where fo The Apple.
William Lubert, Micro Tnk., $24.95.
Keying In Applesoft Programs: BASIC progrinns
are printed in Hardcore COMPUTIST in a format that
is designed to minimize errors for readers who key in
these programs. To understand this format, you must
first understand the formatted LIST feature of Applesott
An illustration- If you strike these keys:
1@ HOME:REMCLEAR SCREEN
a program will be stored in the computer's memory
Strangely, this program) will no have a LIST that is
exactly as you typed it. Instead, the LIST will look like
this:
18 HOME : REM CLEAR SCREEN
Programs don't usually LIST the sume as they were
keyed in because Applesoft inserts spaces into a program
listing before and after every command word or
mathentatical operator. These spaces usually don't pose
a problem except in line numbers which contain REM
or DATA command words: The spuce inserted wfter these
command words can be misleading. For exemple, if you
want a program to have a list fike this
18 DATA 67.45.5452
you would have to omit the space directly aftes the DATA
command ward, If you were to key in the space directly
after the DATA command word. the LIST of the program
would look like this:
1® DATA 67,45,54,52
This LIST is different from the LIST you wanted. The
number of spaces you key afer DATA and REM
command words is Very important
All of this brings ts 10 the Hardeore COMPUTIST
LuSTing format, In a BASIC LISTing. there are two
of spaces: spaces that don't matter whether they are Keyed
for not and spaces that must be keyed, Spaces that rast
be keyed in are printed as delta characters (4). All nther
spaces in a Hardcore COMPUTIST BASIC listing are
put there for casier reading and it doesn’t mamer whether
you type them oF not.
There is one exception: If you want your checksums
(See “Computing Checksums” section} to match up. you
mast not key in any spaces after a DATA command word
unless they are marked by delte characters,
Keying In Hexdumps: Machine language programs
are primed im Hardcore COMPUTIST as both source:
code ant hexdumps, Only one of these formats peed be
keyed in to get a machine language program. Hexdumps
are the shortest and casiest format to type in
To key in hexdumps. you must first enter the monitor:
CALL -151
Now key in the hexdump exactly as it appears in the
magazine ignoring the tour digit checksum at the end
of each line (a “$"" and four digits). If you hear a beep.
you will know that you have typed something
incorrectly and must retype that line
When finished. return to BASIC with a:
EOO3G
Remember t@ BSAVE the prog:
filename, address and lengih para
the anticle
Ke: In Source Code The source code
portion of a machine language program is provided
only to better explaia the prograin’s operation, If you
wish 10 Key it in, you will need an assembler, The
S-C Assembler is used to generate all source ende
printed in Hardcore COMPUTIST. Without this
assembler, you will have to translate pieces of the
source code int something vowr aysembler will
understand. A table nf S-C Assembler directives just
for this purpose was printed in Hardenre
COMPUTIST No. 17, To translate soure
will need to understand the dircetives of
assembler and convert the direc!
source code listing w similar directives used by your
assembler
Computing Checksums Checksums are four
digit hexadecimal numbers which verity whether or
not you keyed a program exactly as it was printed
in Hardcore COMPUTIST. There are two types of
checksums: une created by the CHECKBIN program
(ior machine language progranis) amd the other
created by the CHECKSOFT program (for BASIC
Pprogrums!. Both programs appeared in Hardcore
COMPUTIST No, | and The Best of Hardcore
Computing. An update © CHECKSOLT appeared
im Hardcore COMPUTIST No. 18, Ifthe ctiecksums
these programs create on your compute
checksums aecompan
magazine. then you keyed in the progeam correctly
If not. the program is incorrect at che line where the
first checksum ditfers
1) To compute CHECKSOFT checksums
LOAD filename
BRUNCHECKSOFT
Get the checksums with
&
And correct the program where she
2) Te compute CHECKBIN checksums
CALL -151
BLOAD filename
Install CHECKBIN at an out of the way place
BRUN CHECKBIN,AS6000
Get the checksums by typing the starting address,
x period and ending address of the file followed by
a (OY
my with the correct
as given in
ANXAANY
And correct the lines af which the checksums differ
How-To's
Of Hardcore
Welcome to Hardcore COMPUTIST, a
publication deyoted to the serious user of
Apple jl and Apple }| compatible computers.
‘Our magazine contains information you are
not likely to find in any of the other major
journals dedicated to the Apple market.
Our editorial policy is that we do NOT
condone software piracy, but we do believe
that honest users are entitled to backup
commercial disks they have purchased, In
addition to the security of a backup disk,
the removal of copy protection gives the user
the option of modifying application
programs to meet his or her needs.
New readers are advised to read this page
carefully to avoid frustration when
attempting to follow a softkey or when
entering the programs printed in this issue,
is is.. PAGE ONE
GET RICH(?) QUICK...
Become a COMPUTIST author. Softwate protection 1s still the scourge of the computer world,
so you can become part of the battle right now. Don't be discouraged by locked-up software.
Get inspired. Look upon it as a challenge. Or just get angry. But don't just sit around imprisoned
by your software, Break free. Keep an eye on the Most Wanted list and any of the REWARD
and WANTED posters in Hardcore COMPUTIST and see if you can softkey them. Our Writer's
Guide is now on the inside back cover. Don’t wait, Become a COMPUTIST author, now.
TIME TO RENEW?
Check your mailing label to see if you need to renew your subscription. And if you think you
might forget when that fatal time arrives, renew right now. Just use the order blank below.
IF YOU’RE MOVING...
Let us know right away or at least 30 days in advance so that you won't miss a single issue. Just
write your new address here, and paste your present address label in the order form below and
send it to us.
My new address is:
City State Zip
Phone
We are NOT
PIRATES!
but we’re not fools, cither.
Don't let them ‘ou fre
Remove copy-protection
from your valuable library of expensive software. The publisher of Hardcore
COMPUTIST has been showing subscribers how to unlock and modify
commercial software for the past 4 years. Don't be one of the users abused
by user-FIENDLY locked-up software. Subscribe.
6 sue SUBSCRIPTION RATES:
US: NEW subscriber ORenew my subscription
US. first cass: $24
Canada, Mexico: $34 Name 10%
Otner Foreign: $60
Address
SAMPLE COPY: at
US: $475 Cty. Stote. 2p.
Foreign: $570 Country Phone
US funds drawn on US bank.
in Washington add 78% tax, VISA/MC
Send check or money order to:
Hardcore Sve ladl
PO Box T10846-N
Tacoma, WA 9841 | Sonate
Exp.
Simulator II
Sub Logic
If your softkey to this program is
published in Hardcore COMPUTIST.
up to
$90.00
Gutenburg
Jr. & Sr.
Micromation LTD
If your softkey to this program is
published in Hardcore COMPUTIST.
up to
$80.00
Sundog, V2
FTL Games
If your softkey to this program is
published in Hardcore COMPUTIST.
SEE THE WRITER'S GUIDE on the
inside of the back cover and find out how
to become a published Hardcore
COMPUTIST author.
Requirements:
A girl you really want to pick up
Some rippling biceps*
A pair of scissors
Certified Jock Sweat* or a compatible substitute
A new Hardcore COMPUTIST’S Diskbusters
T-shirt
Some degree of DEXTERITY and a sense of
humor is helpful but not necessary
Unlike all the other advice books and
pamphlets sold at exorbitant prices, this method
is inexpensive and absolutely works even if your
CHARISMA is very low. If you've had any
problems in the past using other methods, it's
because you didn’t use this procedure.
Follow these few simple steps and you'll soon
be able to pick up girls anywhere.
1) Lay your Diskbusters T-shirt on a flat surface
so that the diskbuster design is facing you.
2) Take your scissors and make a jagged cut
all across the shirt just below the Diskbusters.
design. If your STRENGTH is high, or if your
biceps happen to be rippling at this time, just
rip the shirt across the chest area as you growl
loudly.
How to pick up a girl
3) Sloppily spill some Certified Jock Sweat* (or
your own, if you qualify) onto the Diskbusters
design and under the arms.
4) Wait a minute for the musky odor to
permeate the T-shirt. If you like, you can spill
some of the Certified Jock Sweat on your own
body and feel your VIRILITY go up. Your
AGILITY and DEXTERITY will not change.
5) Put on the specially modified Diskbusters T-
shist or an exact bit-by-bit unprotected backup.
6) Now walk up to the girl and take a deep
breath, puffing out your chest (or a reasonable
facsimile) as you do so.
7) Grasp girl firmly around her waist and lift.
*available at your local Gym.
Thave my rippling biceps and Certified Jock Sweat, so rush me ____ (otal) DISKBUSTERS T-SHIRTS.
in the sizes indicated below. I have enclosed $9.95 (plus tax and shipping) for each shirt.
ADULT MENS: ——Simall ——Medium ——Large ——Attra large
Name. HC26
Address
2: ee | Zip.
Signature. Phone
VISA/MC. a ig 2 Exp..
Send check or money order to: Hardcore T-shirts, PO Box 110816, Tacoma, WA
98411. Washington orders add 7.8% sales tax. Foreign orders add 20% shipping
and handling. US funds drawn on US bank.
The Book Of Softkeys
shows you how to softkey
( remove copy-protection from )
commercial software.
Volume | (157 pages) contains softkeys for: Akalabeth, Ampermagic, Apple Galaxian, Aztec,
Bag of Tricks, Bill Budge’s Trilogy, Buzzard Bait, Cannonball Blitz, Casino, Data Reporter, Deadline,
Disk Organizer ll, Egbert I! Communications Disk, Hard Hat Mack, Home Accountant, Homeword,
Lancaster, Magic Window Ii, Multi-disk Catalog, Multiplan, Pest Patrol, Prisoner ll, Sammy Lightfoot,
Screen Writer ll, Sneakers, Spy’s Demise, Starcross, Suspended, Ultima Il, Visifile, Visiplot, Visitrend,
Witness, Wizardry, Zork |, Zork Il, Zork Ill, plus how-to articles and program listings of need-to-have
programs used to make unprotected backups.
Volumes II and III are being compiled now!
Enclose $20 per book. Foreign orders add 20%. U.S. funds drawn on U.S. banks. Washington state orders
add 7.8% sales tax. Visa/MC orders include number and expiration date. Send your orders to:
Book Of Softkeys Vol. 1, SoftKey Publishing, PO Box 110816, Tacoma, WA 98411
If you want to make backups, then you want The Book Of Softkeys Volume I,
HEREC
ERERE
tT
This month's cover:
Graphics from Activision’s Ghostbusters
Address all advertising inquiries to Hardcare COMPUTIST,
Advertising Deparment, PO Box 110816. Tacoma, WA 98411.
Mail manuscripts or requests for Writer's Guides to Hardcore
GOMPUTIST, PO Box 110846-K, Tacoma, WA 98411
Retum postage must accompany all manuscripts, drawings,
photos, disks, of tapes thay are 10 be returned, Unsolicited
‘ianuecripts will be retumed only if adequate return postage is
lncluded:
Entre contents copyright 1985 by SoftKey Publishing, Ail
‘fights reserved. Copying done for other than personal or internal
reference (without express written permission from the pubssher)
is prohibited.
The editorial staff assumes no liability or responsibility tor the
advertised in the magazine. Any opinions expressed
by the authors are not necessarily those of Herdoore
COMPUTIST magazine or SoftKey Publishing
‘Applo usually refers to the Apple if or }{ Plus Computer, and
is a trademark of Apple Computer, lnc
SUBSCRIPTIONS: | Rates (for 6 Issues): U.S. $20, U.S. Ist
Chass $24, Canada $34, Mexico, $39, Foreign 960, Direct
inquiries to: Hardcore =COMPUTIST, Subscription
Department, PO Box 1108461, Tacoma, WA 96411. Please
include address label with correspondence.
DOMESTIC DEALER RATES: Call (206) 474-5750 for more
information
Of Address: Pweaso allow 4 weeks for change of
address to take effect. On postal form 3876 supply your new
‘address and your most recent address label. Iseues missed due
to nom-receipt of change of address may be acquired at the
regular back issue rete,
Hardcore Issue 26
COMPUTIST
Pablisher/Ealtor: Charles R. Hight Managing Editor: Ray Darrah
‘Technical Editor: Robert Kaowles Cireulation: Michelle Prank, Debbie Koval
‘Advertising: (206) 474-3750 Printing: Valon Graphics Inc. Seattle, WA
Hardcore COMPUTIST is published moethly, except Deceraber, by SofiKey Publishing, 5233 $. Washington, Tacoma, WA 98409
Phone: (206) 474-8750
softkeys
10 Cannonball Blitz
Follow Hardcore COMPUTIST as it tears into the copy protection on this classic.
by Denny Colt
12 Instant Recall
Protect your original Instant Recall disk by following this procedure to back it up.
by B. Croome
27 + Gessler Spanish Software
Super IOB comes through again to deprotect two releases from Gessler. by Dave Stanton
28 More Stickybears
The Stickybears saga continues with the deprotection of some of the more recent Stickybear
releases. by Mare Lirrette
feature
14 Prokdit: A ProDOS block Editor
Now you can perform sector edits on ProDOS disks without using complex tables to look
up block numbers and their associated sector numbers. This program does all that for you.
by Bob Bergstrom
core
19 The Games of 1985: A Review
Looking for entertainment value? Before you spend any more of your hard-earned money
‘on computer games that lose your interest after 5 hours, look through this article. You'll
find critiques for several of the most recently released top-of-the-line games. This month's
article focuses on the arcade games. by Jeff Hurlburt
departments
4 Input
6 Most Wanted List
7 Readers’ Softkey & Copy Exchange
Softkeys for: Electronic Art's Financial Cookbook by Danny Pollak, Datasoft's Super
Zaxxon by Sandy Eubank, Sir-Tech's Wizardry by Tim Beckman, Thesis's Preschool Fun
by Mike Stafford, Hayden's Holy Grail and Inca by Steve and Rod Smith, Datasoft's 128K
Zaxxon by Steve and Rod Smith.
Please address letters to:
Hardcore COMPUTIST
Editorial Department
PO Box 110846-K
Tacoma, WA 98411
Include your name, address and
phone number.
Correspondence appearing in the
INPUT section may be edited for
clarity and space requirements. In
addition, because of the great
number of letters that we receive and
the small size of our staff, a response
to any letter is not guaranteed.
The views expressed in the input
section of Hardcore COMPUTIST
are not necessarily those of SoftKey
Publishing or Hardcore COM-
PUTIST.
Bootlegger Rebuttal
Regarding your Hardcore COMPUTIST No.
22 letter, I would like to make it perfectly clear
that Munson Compton wrote to you claiming
to have not received an issue. As we remailed
his lost issue immediately, he then claimed
never to have gotten it or the next issue. We
then remailed two issues which he claims to
never have received. He then contacted us
demanding a full refund and we knew he was
trying to do things that weren't exactly kosher.
Both he and I contacted postal authorities. I have
proof of mailing those disks and have asked the
Chief Postal Inspector to prosecute Munson
Compton on mail fraud charges. Since he
claims to also be a captain in the lary, may
I suggest that the National Security Agency and
Military Intelligence look into his activities.
(Why does he want info on hacking military
computers?)
Nuff said,
Mike Beketic
Bootlegger
Mr, Beketic: Hardcore COMPUTIST has
recently talked with Munson Compton and he
recalls his dealings with your company like this:
The first shipment he received from Bootlegger
was a torn (by the postal system) envelope with
no. contents, He wrote Bootlegger a letter
explaining this. You wrote back stating that you
would include a replacement issue with his next
issue. He then received issue 3 with no issue(s)
enclosed. Shorily after, he received a lener from
you stating that you weren't sure if you enclosed
replacement issues or not and to inform
Bootlegger about the condition of his latest
package. He then wrote you stating neither issue
J or 2 was enclosed with his issue 3 package.
You didn’t reply. After waiting several months,
he wrote Gary Peterson (former Technical
Editor of Hardcore COMPUTIST) stating the
situation. Gary called Bootlegger and you
informed him that Munson’s subscription started
with issue 3 which Gary then relayed to
Munson, He states that it has been over a year
now and he still has only received issue 3.
Munson claims his letter asking for a refund
gave you the option of sending him the issues
he hasn't received or refunding his money, He
also states that the Postal Inspector has sent you
three letters in regards to this matter and that
you haven't responded. Munson says that he has
recieved nothing from the postal inspector
concerning charges against him.
dn conclusion, Munson asks what possible
reason would he have of re-asking for issues.
Since this is the only unresolved complaint
Hardcore COMPUTIST has encountered
against Bootlegger and tempers seem to be
preity high on both sides, perhaps postal
authorities can best settle this.
Vv
file Preboot Anyone?
Tuse Visifile a lot both at home and at work
(as a matter of fact, I have two copies of both
sides of the disk). But it has ONE big drawback:
speed. If anyone out there has a system or some
type of pre-boot so that Visifile will make use
of the 128K ram board (Saturn, Titan), please
let me know how to do it,
P.S, This is a great magazine. I have learned
a lot in the short time I have been reading it.
‘Thanks agai
Fred L. Carrozzo
San Pedro, CA
A Few APT’s
Tam a fairly recent subscriber to Hardcore
COMPUTIST, (being 4 Softalk orphan) and
have in many ways found the three issues I've
received so far to be superior to the six months.
worth of softalk that was sent to me. My
compliments to an excellent periodical, read by
4 Hardcore COMPUTIST No. 26
a larger age group than one might think.
Human Edge Software's Mind Prober, an
interesting if subjective and slightly vague
program, gives a fairly accurate assessment of
@ man's or woman's personality when a number
of questions are answered. Also, I recently
purchased Agent U.S.A.. by Scholastic
Software. Unfortunately, they are both
protected, though I suspect that the protection
is no more than a few changed data or address
markers. Please add them to the Most Wanted
list, unless they have previously been published.
H.E.R.O.
Pressing one of the digits while playing
instantly transports the player to level indicated
below:
1 level 1
2 level §
3 level 9
4 jevel 13
5+ PRO level
Rescue Raiders
Typing ‘ZIPPY* once the game has begun
makes the following functions
available:
J jumps to feft of screen
K jumps to middle of screen
L jumps to right of screen
/ extra helicopter
~ followed by # jumps to level #
P.S. Lam told the adventure tips for Rescue
Raiders work; I don't own the game.
John Clements
San Francisco, CA
Mr. Clements: On page 7 of Hardcore
COMPUTIST No, 25 there isa softkey for Mind
Prober. Agent U.S.A. has been added to the
most wanted list. Thanks for the A.P.T.s!
A Fix for the Applewriter
Free Sector Patch
I was recently lent a copy of Hardcore
COMPUTIST No. 18 by a friend who knew
I was interested in Applewriter //e, The article
in it by Peter Edelsten was fascinating.
The free sector patch by Bob Branger was
something I had always wanted Applewriter to
do. However, his code has a small bug if used
with some systems. The VTOC after track 34
is normally set to all hex 00. In some cases,
and always with some of the different DOS
versions that are around, this area is treated as
normal DOS tracks. Thus, when you count the
number of free sectors you get a number that
is much too large. To overcome this, the byte
at $2D10 in the code should be $8A instead of
$CO. This gives the correct number of free
sectors on a normal 35 track drive.
Lalso found the routines in OBJ.APWRT][E
(the 64K file) and it can also be patched now.
To do so, make the following changes to the
source listing (FREESEC]);
Change BELL — to $2423 instead of S24AC
Change OUTPUT to $4886 instead of S49FF
Change CONVERT to $4708 instead of $4951
Change the OR to $2C3C instead of S2D0F
The hex dump then becomes:
2C3C- AD BA AZ 00
2C4O- 8E 7F 2C B9 F2 EB FO OB
2C48- GA 99 FB ES DO FA EE 7F
2C50- 2C DB F5 88 Dd ED AD 7F
2C58- 2C 26 D8 47 AQ OF BO 7F
2C60- 2C 20 86 48 88 DO F7 BD
2C68- FO 16 28 86 48 CA 10 F7
2C7H- 26 23 24 80 10 CO 2C OB
2C78- CB 10 FB 8D 10 CO 60 O60
2C80- BA D3 D2 CF D4 C3 C5 D3
8D 8D
Also change the -OR in listing FREESEC2
to $5022 instead of the original $5190. This hex
dump then becomes:
5022- CA AE AQ C3 EF FS
5028- EE Fd AQ E6 F2 £5 E5 AD
5030- F3 E5 E3 Fa EF F2 F3 Ad
5038- EF EE Ad E4 £9 F3 EB Ag
5040- AG AD AD 80
Thope this helps those who, like me, still use
Applewriter //e. It’s main advantage to me is
that you can enter any control characters you
like into the text, thus making full use of your
printer.
Keep up the good work.
Kevin Sartorelli
Upper Hutt, New Zealand
Modified ROMs Problems
modified portion, and it appeared okay,
However. when I tried it in my Apple Clone
(which uses 2716 EPROMS), only the lower
half performed properly. When I tried the upper
portion, the screen filled with a page of ASCIT
characters and then went into monitor ROM
“ce”, When | hit RETURN as instructed, I got
an “‘%* PA". Striking RETURN again gave me
“9000 and the code for that level’*. I checked
the contents of the EPROM (read the
information out) and it is as described in
Hardcore COMPUTIST, Is there a correction
cited in following (not received) issues?
I noticed in the text an error on page 10,
where I believe in the 3rd column under the first
figure it should have mentioned pin 21, not 24.
This would agree with the figure that followed,
I was unsure about one modification. At the
end of column two on same page 10, it states
“FFEC; 59 FF", I wasn't sure how to handle
this. What I did (Perhaps incorrectly) was to
replace the modification on page 19 for 2FFC
and 2FFD to 59 and FF respectively so I ended
up with:
2FF8: FS 83 63 FB 59 FF 40 FA
instead of
F§ 03 63 FB C9 FC 40 FA
If I made the wrong assumption, please
advise me where the “59 FF"’ is supposed to
be written.
Whatever assistance you can give in this
matter would be greatly appreciated. I am very
interested in the “Better F8 ROM" and have
high hopes of getting it operating soon.
Stuart C. Keen. Jr.
Reston, VA
Mr. Keen: The text on the third colwean of
page 10 should indeed have mentioned pin 21
instead of pin 24. We also incorrectly printed
in the second column of the third page
“FFFC:59 FF". We should have printed
“2FFC:S9 FF‘.
There are a munber of reasons why your
ROM doesn’t work. First of all, you should
ignore the “‘FFFC:5S9 FF"' command on the
second colwnn of page 10. This is put here onty
if you do NOT use the enhanced Eart Taylor
method. Secondly, the Earl Taylor procedure
will not work on i/e’s or some Apple clones
because the unused areas (and some used creas)
changed by Earl Taylor are used by é/e's and
some compatibles,
I was very much interested in creating the
“Better F8 ROM" as described in Hardcore
COMPUTIST No. 19. I took a 2732D EPROM
and burned into the lower half the normal F&
ROM information, and into the upper half. the
modified program. I double checked the
Appleworks Problems
found with my copy of AppleWorks. The
response, although fast. did not do much to deal
with the problems that I had discovered.
Perhaps you or your readers may know of
someone who has encountered the same
difficulties and knows of a solution.
Several basic but serious problems cxist.
1.) The AppleWorks word processor screen
is only 8@ columns wide. | own a 15-inch
ImageWriter. 1 do not have a “what you see
‘on the screen is what you get on the paper”
situation. I previously used Magic Window Tle
which allows a screen width to 160 characters.
The text is viewed in two separate windows that
move as necded with the cursor, This is a
definite advantage. Ideally, the screen width
needs to be flexible to a maximum of 255
characters for a 15-inch platen and
Untracondensed type (17 cpi). The limits of PW
(platen width) would also need to be changed
accordingly. Has anybody written a fix to widen
the screen?
2.) The AppleWorks word processor does not
allow entry of anything other than predefined
printer control characters. From text, one
cannot change the printer type to the alternate
character set. Again Magic Window Ile allows
this option. It is extremely handy for writing
forms and unusual text. For that matter, no.
option is allowed to set up the printer to desired
specifications such as printing a slashed zero.
In this regard, the ImageWriter manual has a
misprint and the printer has a bug. To make
your printer print slashed zeros, enter the
following printer control codes:
Esc D ©@ GA Esc z@ O@
Has a fix been written?
3.) In the printer options section, vertical
margins are listed in 1/10 of an inch. This
caused quite a bit of confusion due to the
rounding off that the program must do in order
to make it fit on the page. This should be
entered in lines. Perhaps the best solution would
be to eliminate all this set up and allow the
screen to be a true ‘‘what you sce is what you
get’. This is a major change. Has a new
AppleWorks been written?
4.) The “space bar" hold and **escape"* halt
for printer control does not work, at least not
immediately on the ImageWriter, Is this a goof
in the program or flaw in the printer? Is there
a fix?
Any help would be appreciated.
Harland R. Davis
In February of 1985, I wrote Apple Bolingbrook. IL.
Computer regarding several problems I had
Hardcore COMPUTIST No. 26 5
input =
Deprotecting Dazzle Draw
on a //¢
Since purchasing Dazzle Draw it has become
the program I use most frequently, after
AppleWorks, on my //c. As with any program
I use frequently, I have been uncomfortable
with not being able to make extra backups. I
was therefore delighted to find a deprotection
scheme for this. program in Hardcore
COMPUTIST No. 21. As I soon discovered,
however, the method deseribed in the excellent
article by Clay Harrell would not work on my
Hc. The problem occurred in step 5, When that
step of the procedure was executed the program
booted to completion and I could not break into
the monitor.
After consulting the Apple fc Reference
Manual, I discovered the problem--the boot
ROM code in the //c is different from the ie
ROM code. Instead of setting the load address
(30800) at $C659 the fc ROM code sets the
address in a subroutine (MAKTBL) which starts
at $C789. This subroutine is called at $C63A.
Thus, on the //c the published procedure must
be modified to relocate $C60@ through $C740
to $8600 through $8740, the ISR which call
MAKTBL must be modified to call the
relocated version at $8709 and the load address
at $8729 must be changed form $08 to $50. The
modifications to the step-by-step method with
comments are (steps which do not require
modification have not been reproduced) as
follows:
3) B6B0<C600.C740N {relocate all of //¢
B6F9°59 FF boot code}
5} CBES
843259 FF
B6F9:01 08
8603.86 (Call relocated WAKTBL)
8729.50 (Change load address to $5000)
86086
One other modification which I had to make
to the published method was to use the supplied
tie ProDos System disk (which apparently is
different from the ProDos users disk in that it
does not have a CONVERT program but rather
a DOS to ProDos conversion routine which
reformats the entire disk before writing the
converted file) to convert SYSTEM. DAZZLE
from the DOS 3.3 disk to a blank disk and then
to copy the ProDos version from that disk to
the copy of Dazzle Draw which was made in
step 17
Hopefully this letter will help other readers
who haye been frustrated in trying to deprotect
Dazzle Draw using a //e. It may even be uscful
to those trying to use Boot Code Tracing
techniques on other programs although in the
future it would be nice to have other articles
which use similar techniques to include explicit
instructions for the //e and //« where there are
differences.
I find your publication to be the most useful
of all the Apple related magazines. Keep up the
good work.
R.G. Henderson
Fairfax, VA
Piracy Comment
Let’s face it. Piracy is in. Everybody is
talking about pirates. Newsmedia is making big
bucks off of it. Unfortunately, it all seems to
be negative. What do | mean? Well, it seems
to be fashion to take the offense against piracy,
1 believe T can quote one of your past readers
as calling them “‘self-serving."” Well, here is
a short note in defense of piracy.
A gutsy magazine, Hardcore COMPUTIST
comes into view. I believe that from 65 to 85
percent of Hardcore COMPUTIST readers use
it for illegal purposes, while granted, mostly
minor offenses.
Software companies are spending megabucks
for advertising. What does this show to me?
Simple, Software companies are not poor,
floundering businesses. They are rich! And if
they are worried about losing their 20-50 million
in revenue per year, that is, as opposed to the
250,000,000 they make in that year from
“honest’” users, well, maybe theyre in the
wrong business, If anything, the anti-pirate ads
are drawing the public's attention towards
piracy. And towards the benefits of piracy.
whereas they may have turned out to be
““honest’’ users were this subject not so hot on
the mind of everyone.
What I'm driving at is, mega-multi-million
dollar software firms are crying, just like little
rich kids who can’t have their toys. The average
guy will never make as much in his lifetime as
‘one major software firm will in three months.
The program’s authors aren’t starving cither.
Software firms are trying to hit our emotions
with a sympathy scheme. like pirate’s are
making their children have to wear rags or
something. And it is not true, | have respect
for the authors and their ability, but I don’t have
pity for them because they are losing 1/500th
of their annual salary.
Black Rose
Pirates Cove
6 Hardcore COMPUTIST No. 26
Most
Wanted
List
Need help
backing-up a particularly
stubborn program?
Send us the name of the program and its
manufacturer and we'll add it to our Most
Wanted List. a columa {updated each issue}
which helps to keep Hardcore COMPUTIST
teaders informed of the programs for which
softkeys are MOST needed Send your
requests to
Hardcore COMPUTIST
Wanted List
PO Box 110846-K
Tacoma, WA 98411
If you know how to deprotect
unlock, or modify
any of the programs below,
let us know You'll be helping your fellow
Hardcore COMPUTIST readers and eaming
MONEY at the same time. Send the
mation 10 Us In article form on a DOS
3.3 diskette
Mouse Cale Apple Computer
Apple Business Graphics Apple Compurer
Flight Simutator It Sub Logic
Factory rs) Communicating
Jane Askiminies
Bookends Sensible Sotiwaee
Visiblend Microla
Sundog FTL Gi
Sundog. V2 FYL Gai
Lifesaver Microlah
Catalyst Quark. Inc
Gutenburg Jr. & Sr. Migrosation LTD
Prime Platter Primesott Curp,
Zardax Computer Solutions
‘The Handlers Sil Valley Systems
Milliken Math Series (NEW) Milliken Publisty
‘The Apple’s Core: Party 1-3 The Professor
King’s Quest 5
Hayes Terminal Progeam Hayes
Fun Bunch Unicorn
cent Online
Willy Byte Digital Diniension
Trivia Fever Professional Software Ing
Terrapin Loge ¥2.00 Terrapin Software
‘The Boston Computer Diet Scarborough Systerns
Conan Datasult
Cyeloid Sinus Software
Crisis Mountain Synergistic Software
Adventure Micesolt
Agent U.S.A. Scholastic
readers’ softkey & copy exchange
Danny Pollak’s softkey for...
The Financial
Cookbook
Financial Cookbook
Electronic Arts
2755 Campus Dr.
San Mateo, CA 94403
Requirements
| Super IOB v1.2
| A blank disk
Financial Cookbook
In Issue No. 15, Pete Levinthal presented his
way of deprotecting the Financial Cookbook.
His method required the use of a copy card.
Since I do not own one of these cards (and I
am sure many of you do not), I have come up
with another method of deprotecting the
Financial Cookbook.
As was indicated in the previous article, the
Cookbook disk is completely COPYAable
except for track 6. A further examination of the
disk will reveal that the program resides
between tracks @ and $14. Tracks 3 and 4 are
blank and tracks 5 and 6 need not be copied
because they are used only for the purpose of
the nibble count,
Putting all this information together, I came
up with the following Super IOB controller. The
controller will copy the tracks needed and also
perform the sector edit necessary to bypass the
nibble count.
The bytes changed are:
Track Sector Byte From To
$01 $F $00 $40 $18
$01 SOF = $01 $69 860
$01 SOF = $02 SAD SD
After running Super IOB with the following
controller installed, you will have a completely
COPYAable version of the Financial
Cookbook.
controller
1000 REM FINANCIAL COOKBOOK CONTROLLER
1910 TK = @ ‘ST = :LT = 21 :CD = WR
1920 Ti = TK : GOSUB 490 : RESTORE
1930 GOSUB 439 : GOSUB 100 :ST =ST+1) IF ST<
DOS THEN 1830
1040 |F BF THEN 1660
1050ST=0 :TK=TK+1 : IF TK= 3 THEN TK= TK +4
1055 1F TK < LT THEN 1030
1066 GOSUB 318 ; GOSUB 490 :TK=T1 :ST=9
1070 GOSUB 430 : GOSUB 100 :ST =ST+1- IFST<
DOS THEN 1070
1980 ST =O :TK=TK41: IF TK=3 THENTK=TK+4
1085 1F BF = 6 AND TK < LT THEN 1070
1090 IF TK < LT THEN 1028
1108 HOME : PRINT : PRINT "DONE WITH* COPY"
END
5016 DATA 3° CHANGES
5020 DATA 1 ,15 8 ,24
5030 DATA1 15 ,1 ,96
5040 DATA1 15 ,2 ,221
controller checksums
1688 - $3568 1088 - $79FE
1918 - $8295 1085 - $7318
1028 - $50CA 1098 - SFE61
1938 - $46CB 1100 ~ $4315
1040 - $829A 5010 - S3EAE
1056 - $9680 5020 - $0951
1055 - $51BF 5030 - $2A70
1960 - $1088 S040 - $6440
1070 ~ $1800
Sandy Eubank’s softkey for...
Super Zaxxon
Datasoft, Inc.
19808 Nordoff
Chatsworth, CA 91311
R 7
Apple J[, If Plus, //e, or //e
Super Zaxxon
Super IOB v1.5
A blank disk
A quick check of Super Zaxxon with CIA‘’s
The Linguist revealed that, except for end
marks, it was in standard DOS 3.3 format.
Further, only tracks 00-1B are used. The end
marks were changed from the usual $DE AA
to $AA DE.
A few minute’s work with CIA's Tricky Dick
uncovered the location of the offending code
at track @, sector 4. Super IOB seemed the likely
choice for normalizing the disk. The controller
has been set up for use with Super [OB v1.5,
but it can be converted for an earlier version.
1) Install the accompanying controller into
Super IOB v1.5.
2) Run Super IOB, following the prompts, and
let it format the copy when it asks you.
‘The finished copy works just like the original
and is COPY Aable.
For those of you (like me a few months ago)
who. are unfamiliar with these procedures,
Super IOB used Super Zaxxon’s end marks to
read the disk, but wrote normal end marks on
the copy. The sector edits were necessary so
Super Zaxxon looks for the normal marks
instead of the altered ones. All the edits were
to track @, sector 4. Bytes $35 and $3F were
changed from $AA DE to SDE AA, The same
changes were made to bytes $91 and $9B. Not
so hard after all, right?
controller
10986 REM SUPER ZAXXON CONTROLLER
110 TK =9 :LT=28 :ST=15 :LS= 15 :CD=WR FAST
=1
1020 GOSUB 496 ; RESTORE : GOSUB 190 ; GOSUB 210
GOSUB 178 : GOSUB 616
1930 GOSUB 310 : GOSUB 230 : GOSUB 499 : GOSUB 610
: IF PEEK (TRK ) = LT THEN 1058
1940 TK = PEEK (TRK) :$T = PEEK (SCT) - GOTO 1029
11950 HOME : PRINT "COPYDONE® : END
5000 DATA 213 ,178 158
5010 DATA 213 178,173
5020 DATA 176 222,178 ,222
5038 DATA 4* CHANGES
5040 DATAG ,4 ,53 222
5050 DATAG ,4 63,170
5060 DATA ,4 ,145 ,222
5076 DATA ,4 15 ,170
controller checksums
1980 - $3568 5010 ~ $8F54
1910 - S6CFB 5020 - $19EE
1928 - SDCEF 5038 - $917A
1030 - S77AE 5049 - $A045
1049 - $8717 5058 - §7F6D
1958 - SA2B1 5068 ~ $5207
5000 - SFAA2 5078 - $8883
Hardcore COMPUTIST No. 26 7
readers’ softkey & copy exchange
Tim Beckman’s follow-up softkey for...
Wizardry
Sir-Tech Software, Inc.
Requirements:
Hardcore COMPUTIST No. 20
A Wizardry I or II that didn’t copy
I have the version of Wizardry I dated
22-JAN-82, The softkey in Hardcore
COMPUTIST No. 20 worked for my version
with the following sequence bytes for the boot
side.
AQ OB AE 28 8B BD 29 8B
85 OD 91 62 E8 CB BO 29
8B 91 62 85 GE ES BE 28
8B 60 08 OC 12 83 85 18
12 92 OA 15 12 7F 65 1D
12 FF 09 18 12 82 95 16
12 81 OA
The following bytes were needed for the
Scenario Master Copy.
AE DC 20 BD OD 26 85 OD
8D 08 20 E8 BD OD 26 8D
O1 28 85 OE E8 BE OC 26
ae
|
ic
=F
ee
8D E8 CO 60 80 3B 12 67
GA 30 12 5F 69
For Wizardry II, Knight of Diamonds dated
10-MARCH-82 the following sequence was
‘The Master Scenario required this change.
AE DC 20 BD DD 26 8D 00
26 85 BO £8 BD DD 20 EB
8D 01 26 85 BE SE DC 28
8D £8 CB 68 99 89 08 82
98 82 68 BI 99
(Note; This APT also appeared in Hardcore
COMPUTIST No. 7.)
Now, one helpful APT for Wizardry, There
is a bug in Wizardry that allows you to create
a Super Bishop. First, create a bishop at the
training grounds by getting a 12 in both
intelligence and piety. Next, take the bishop to
the maze and have the bishop try to identify item
#9. You may fail a few times, but once you
successfully identify it you will have one
hundred million experience points, At this point
Teturn to the surface and go to the Adventurers’
Inn. Once there, stay until you get tired of
gaining levels or you finally reach the end of
8 Hardcore COMPUTIST No. 26
your experience points (it takes a long time).
When you are finished, you will have a bishop
that is almost unbeatable by himself.
Mike Stafford’s softkey for...
Preschool Fun
Thesis Software
P.O. Box 147
Garden City, MI 48135
Requirements:
48K J[ Plus or //e
A blank disk
Super IOB v1.5 and NewSwap controller
A way into the Monitor
This is one of the best educational programs
T have come across for my pre-kindergarten age
son. It teaches shapes, colors, counting and
letters, and is even able to keep his interest for
more than five minutes, I was amazed to find
that this disk was copy protected - I don’t know
about you, but I'm not about to put an original
disk in the hands of a four year old. Thesis has
also made this program quite difficult to bit
copy, but no matter, good old Swap controller
works on this program wihout any difficulty.
Here is the cookbook method:
1) INIT a disk (preferably with a fast DOS)
INIT HZE5P)MQS,.REV2
2) Boot the protected disk. As soon the drive
Stops, reset into the monitor by your favorite
method.
3) There is an instruction in the RWTS that calls
outside of the RWTS area. This is a feeble
attempt to keep you from taking it out and using
it in something like Super IOB’s Swap
controller. It calls a routine at $B78D, which
consists of simply a NOP followed by a JMP
$B8B9. Replace it with a direct JSR to $B8B9.
BS4C:20 B9 BS
4) Move the RWTS to a safe location.
1900<B800.BFFFM
5) Insert a slave disk in your drive and boot it.
C6ROG
6) Save the RWTS on the same disk as your
Super IOB program.
BSAVE RWTS,A$1900,L$800
readers’ softkey & copy exchange
7) Install the Swap controller in your Super IOB
program and RUN it.
‘That's all - you now have a completely
unprotected version of Preschool Fun that you
can let your child have without fear.
One note: If you want to modify this program
in some way, use a sector editor to read the real
file names off track $11 - all the names contain
hidden control characters. z
Steve and Rod Smith’s softkey for...
Holy Grail and Inca
Hayden Software
600 Suffolk St.
Lowell, MA 01854
Requirements:
COPYA
A sector editor
A blank disk
This article explains how to deprotect either
The Holy Grail or Inca. Both are protected in
the same manner, but Holy Grail will be used
as the example. Since the scheme used is
identical on both, Hayden may be using it again
on future releases in the Timequest series.
To begin, make a copy of the backside of
Holy Grail using COPYA off your System
Master disk. After having copied the back side,
return to the prompt for the source drive and
enter BASIC with a Enter the monitor
with
CALL-151
Once in the monitor, make the following
changes;
302:22
35F:22
Return to BASIC, delete line 70 of COPYA
and RUN it.
sre}
™
RUN
Now copy the front side of Holy Grail. The
changes made will allow COPY A to copy only
tracks $00-$21, as track $22 is used for the
protection scheme. Once the front side is
copied, leave COPYA. Load the boot program
and enter the monitor.
BLOAD LOADER
CALL-151
If you List at $7045, you should see the
following code:
7045- 20 00 08 = JSR $p800
7648- FO 05 BEQ $704F
7044-49 OB LOA #300
704C-— 40 51 76 SMP $7051
7O4F- AS OL LOA #501
7051-85 08 STA $08
7053- 9 80 LOA #500
7085- 85 99 STA $09
7057-68 RTS
At $7045, the nibble count routine is called,
and if it returns with a zero, the count was
successful. In that case, a | is stored at $08 and
the program continues. If not, a zero is stored
there and the program restarts.
‘What needs to be done to fool the nibble
count is to remove the JSR $0800 and replace
it with code to load the accumulator with zero
and store it at $00 (this is done at the end of
the nibble count if result is correct). So, while
still in the monitor, type this:
7045:A9 00 85 00 4C 4F 78
which translates to this:
7H45:A9 OO LOA #$00
7047:85 9G STA $06
7049:4C 4F 76 IMP $704F
Once these changes have been made, you are
ready to save the file back to your copy of Holy
Grail.
BSAVE LOADER, A$6000,L$2B6C
‘You now posses a deprotected The Holy
Grail, or Inca, as the case may be, :
Steve and Rod Smith’s softkey for...
128K Zaxxon
Datasoft, Inc.
19808 Nordoff
Chatsworth, CA 91311
Ri a
A blank disk
COPYA
A sector editor
The methods to deprotect Zaxxon have been
discussed here before, but this version of the
program is slightly different in its protection.
None of the previous methods work, yet they
are quite similar. We thought those of you who.
have this version ought to be able to make
liberated back ups too!
The difference in the protection scheme
comes from the fact that the code for the nibble
counts is decoded right before execution,
making it difficult to recognize and also hard
to change in any way. We offer a way to bypass
both offensive routines with a simple,
straightforward softkey. First, boot DOS up and
then enter the monitor with a
CALL-151
then, disable any RWTS errors by
B942:18
We now wish to copy the Zaxxon disk. To
do so, run COPYA from the System Master
disk.
RUN COPYA
To halt execution for some quick
modifications, press ctrl-C when prompted for
the source drive. Then enter the monitor and
make the next few changes:
CALL-151
3A1:18
RUN
These change COPYA to ignore errors and
only copy tracks $00-$1A, which are all the
tracks that this Zaxxon uses.
Now that you have made a normalized
backup of Zaxxon, you are ready to finish the
softkey. The modifications are summarized in
the following table. You can make them with
any good sector editor.
Track Sector Byte From To
$00 $04 $4F ECE
$00 $04 $59 DAA
Trk Sect Ist Byte Change To
$00 $07 SIE
AQ 7F 48 4C CD 07
40 68
$00 $07 $71
Just write the sectors back to your backup
and you have an unprotected version of 128K
Zaxxon!
Hardcore COMPUTIST No. 26 9
Antique softkey for...
Cannonball
Blitz
by Denny Colt
Sierra On-Line Systems
36575 Mudge Ranch Rd
Coarsegold, CA 93614
Requirements:
Cannonball Blitz
48K and up
An initialized disk with no HELLO
Cannonball Blitz is On-Line’s answer to
Donkey Kong. The object of the game is to run,
jump, and hammer your way through three
screens to get the flag.
Since the game was a single load program
that took a long time to load in, I decided to
conyert it to a standard DOS file that would
work with a fast DOS.
Most of On-Line's programs are protected
the same way. They use a standard DOS with
a nibble count, The standard DOS makes it
compatible with all the flavors of Apple and the
nibble count makes it almost impossible to
copy, even with a bit copier.
‘Two of the other protection schemes they use
are direct disk writing and illegal file names.
Direct disk writing is when the program is
written directly on the disk instead of as a file.
Then a loader program is written that will read
the tracks back off the disk. Since there is no
“*file’’ on the disk, programs such as Demuffin
plus won't work.
Just to add to the aggravation, They give the
loader an illegal file name so it can’t be loaded
in and studied.
What has to be done to softkey the disk is
to load in the loader program and intercept it
after it’s done all of its disk access (including
the nibble count). Then all of the important
memory is saved as a file.
For the impatient among you, a cookbook
softkey is at the end.
On to The Softkey!
Boot a normal DOS 3,3 disk and DELETE
the HELLO program (it gets in the way later).
Try CATALOGing Cannonball Blitz. Instead
of a list of files, the copyright notice is
displayed.
What you're actually seeing are the names
of files, preceded by seven backspace characters
that back up over the file type and size. Trying
to use a file name that doen’t start with a letter
gets a syntax error, so we can't load in the
loader.
To get around this, we need a little
information about DOS.
A Little Info About DOS
DOS is broken up into 3 main parts: the
command parser, the file manager, and of
course, the RWTS. The command parser chops
up whatever is typed in into a format that the
file manager will understand. It puts all the
numbers and names into their proper buffers
so the file manager can find them. It also does
all of the syntax checking. Then it jumps to the
file manager. The file manager then tells RWTS
which sectors to read and write.
Since all the syntax checking is done by the
command parser, If DOS could be intercepted
just before it jumped to the file manager, then
different file names could be put into the buffers
and DOS would be none the wiser. In this case,
an illegal file name would be put in the primary
filename buffer. From that idea, the program
10 Hardcore COMPUTIST No. 26
HiJacker was born.
Type in the program following this article
and save it as “‘HI-JACKER".
Hi-Jacker puts a short machine language
routine at $300 by putting together a string that
looks like what you would type into the monitor
and storing it in the input buffer. Then the string
is “typed in" by jumping into the monitor's
interpreter and letting the monitor do
the dirty work. At the end of the string is the
command ‘‘N'’ followed by a Go to $D823,
which re-enters BASIC.
The program puts a trap in the command
parser that will jump to our machine language
routine before the command is executed. The
ML routine replaces a dummy file name with
the illegal name and jumps back to continue the
command. Then the BASIC program restores
DOS back to normal.
The two lines that need to be changed for
each application are 10 and 80. Line 80 is the
actual DOS command to use with a dummy file
name. Any valid DOS command will work.
(Example: to rename an illegal file name,
change the command to RENAME DUMMY,
NEW NAME.)
In line 10, A$ should be set to the hex
equivalent (high bit set) of the ASCII cose of
the program name to be worked on. We need
to modify DOS to find the correct name.
The easiest way to do this is
POKE 44572, 218
(1 had you scared for a minute, didn't I?)
Now when Cannonball Blitz is
CATALOGed, the first line should look
something like this:
B B04 88888888888888C3C1CECECFCEC2CICOC
CABC2CCCSD4DAAGAGAGABABAGAD
That's the real name (hex version) of
Cannonball Blitz’s loader program. It should
match A$ in line 10 of Hi-Jacker.
Put Cannonball Blitz in the drive and type
RUN to BLOAD the loader program. (You did
write-protect your disk first, didn't you?)
Enter the monitor to study the loader.
CALL-151
Find out where the loader was loaded at.
AAT2.AA73
The computer should respond with
AAT2~ £4 59
Look at the loader.
S9R4L
S9E4- CEE? 59 DEC $59E7
S9E7- CF mt
59E8- EA NOP
S9E9- 59 EF EA EOR SEAEF.Y
etc.
This looks like garbage until it’s looked at
a little more carefully. S9E4 tells the computer
to DEC $59E7. Watch what happens if it's done
manually.
Change 59E7 from CF to CE and list it again.
AHA! Following that logic, DEC $59EA
(change EF to EE) and list it again. Now the
loader looks more like a program.
After the changes are made the program is
pretty straightforward. It uses RWTS to load
in selected sectors off the disk, and then, at
$5A38 it jumps to a subroutine that spreads the
program throughout memory. Then it jumps to
$A000 to start the program.
In an effort to cut down the size of the final
file, it makes the most sense to interrupt the
loader at $5.38 before it spreads the program
out, and then move all the volatile memory to
a safe place (away from DOS). To do this
change line $5A38 to jump to a mover routine,
SA38:4C 00 44
Add a routine to move memory locations
$0-$8FF up to $3B00-S43FF. The memory
from $3B00 to $59B3 isn’t used by the loader.
4400-A0 08 B9 96 00 99 00 38
4408-88 DO F7 EE G4 44 EE 07
4410:44 AD B4 44 C9 G9 DO EA
4418:4C 59 FF
Now run the loader.
S9EAG
(S9E4 and S9E7 were fixed manually,
remember?)
‘The disk should spin for a few seconds, and
then the computer should beep and drop you
into the monitor.
Turn $5A38 back to normal,
5A38:20 BF 5A
Cannonball Blitz is now safely in memory,
All that has to be done is pack it down a little,
add an unpacker, and defeat one more copy
protect and it’s ready to be saved.
First the packing.
4464<59E4,9FFFM
(that was casy.)
And defeat the protection. The last protection
On-Line added to the program was a routine
at $5B60 that clears out the RAM card. Later
on in the program it checks to see if the card
has been changed. If it has, the program bombs.
To defeat the protection, just add a JSR to
$5B60 before the unpacker restores the volatile
memory.
4418:20 66 SB
Now boot a disk with a deleted HELLO
program on it.
6EP)
When the disk stops, re-enter the monitor,
and add a jump to the unpacker to the start of
the program.
CALL-151
SFD:4C 06 44
Patch DOS so that it can save 2 file this big.
A964:FF
And, of course, save it.
BSAVE CANNONBALL BLITZ,ASSFD,LS8183
To make the game more agreeable, try
BLOADing in the program and making the
following patches to it.
To shorten the delay at the end of the game,
change $86AA to something smaller than $FF.
To change the number of men you start out
with, change $701C to any number less than
STF.
And lastly, to play forever, make this change:
8681:EA EA EA
Then use 8FDG to start the game.
The Softkey in a Nutshell
1) Boot a normal disk and type in Hi-Jacker
(right). If necessary, change A$ to match the
hex version of the name of the loader on
Cannonball Blitz.
2) Put Cannonball Blitz in the drive and RUN
Hi-Jacker.
RUN
3) Enter the monitor and patch the loader to save
pages $0-S8 and jump to the monitor after
4408:88 08 F7 EE 04 44 EE 07
4410:44 AD 04 44 C9 G9 OO EA
4418:4C 59 FF
4) Now, run the loader.
59E4G
5) Put $5A38-3A back the way they were,
5A38:20 BF SA
6) Pack Cannonball Blitz down a bit.
4464<59E4.9FFFM
7) Add an un-packing routine.
4490:A0 00 B9 80 89 99 OO 9F
4408-88 DG F7 CE G4 44 CE 07
4410-44 AD G7 44 C9 58 DB EA
4418:20 60 5B Ad 68 B9 OO 3B
4420:99 00 00 88 DO F7 EE 1F
4428:44 EE 22 44 AD 22 44 C9
4430:09 08 EA 4C 38 5A
8) Defeat the RAM card checksum.
4418:20 69 5B
9) Boot a slave disk with no HELLO program
on it.
6@P)
1) Re-enter the monitor and add a jump to the
start of the unpacker,
CALL-151
SED:4C 06 44
11) Patch DOS so it can BSAVE a file this big.
A964:FF
12) Save the file.
BSAVE CANNONBALL
BLITZ,A$8FD,L$8183
Cannonball Blitz is now a file that can be
transferred by FID.
Hi-Jacker Listing
MAS = "88888888888888C3C 1CECECFCEC2CIOCOC-
ADC2CCCODADAABABAGADADABAD™
20.AS = “A210BD1 1039075AACA1F7ADSFAAGCS9A1"
+AS
30 FOR | = 1 TO LEN (AS ) STEP 2 :HX$ e HX$ + **"
+MID$ (AS. .1 2) > NEXT
40 HXS = "300-" + HXS + "* ND823G"
SO FOR | = 1 TOLEN (HX$) : POKE S11 +1 , ASC (MIDS
(HXS 1,1) ) +128 = NEXT
6G POKE 41350 . 76 : POKE 41351 ,8 : POKE 41352 ,3
70 POKE 72 ,@ : CALL - 144
80 PRINT CHRS (4 ) “BLOAD* DUMWY™
90 POKE 41350 173 : POKE 41351 ,95 : POKE 41352
178
Hi-Jacker checksums
loadi 18 = = $D8CB 60 - $FICA
ied 26«- $4379« 78 $CB19
CALL-I51 30 S8BAl «BB SDKD
49 - $3910 «= «98S - SBAB?
5A38:40 00 44 56 - $2273
4480:A0 99 89 00 08 99 OB 3B 4
Hardcore COMPUTIST No. 26 1
softkey for...
By B, Croome
Instant Recall
Howard W. Sams & Co., Inc.
4300 W. 62nd St.
Indianapolis, IN 46268
Requirements:
A way to reset into the Monitor, or
the Anti-Reboot Disk (from HC #23)
Super IOB
A blank disk
Instant Recall disk
Instant Recall is probably one of the best
garbage-type filing systems available. As an
architect I use it extensively for recording all
types of miscellaneous information that does not
fit into a normal structured data base format.
Although this program does not sort or calculate
items for you it is perhaps one of the fastest and
most easily edited linked-file data bases I have
come across. It has an amazingly fast search
capability, and records can be placed
sequentially and ordered if desired. Because of
its quick speed, however, it is easier to use a
key word for each record and then ask it to find
the key word. Recall will return cach file with
that key word one after the other and you can
dump them to a printer at will. The one problem
with this program is that it doesn’t come with
a backup disk, and that terrifying prospect was
unacceptable. The disk was copyable using
EDD or Copy J[ Plus, but track zero was tricky
and not always reliable on booting, even if
copied with nibble counts. I resolved to
deprotect this program so I'd have some
assurance of continuous use and a series of
backups.
The Instant Recall program operates slightly
differently on an Apple //e than on a }[ Plus.
Using this procedure on a }{ Plus, I was able
to deprotect all the Applesoft files contained in
Instant Recall, I couldn't however deprotect the
Binary file. Therefore, you must use a //e if
you wish to completely break Instant Recall,
After ing this disk toa COPYAable
standard DOS 3. 3 format you will still need
to format a separate data disk to contain your
data, The program itself has this feature built in,
How to Deprotect Instant Recall
Tused Super IOB with a swap controller to
get the files over to a normal 3.3 disk. Copying
the disk is easy. Altering the files for normal
DOS takes a little time. But first, let's copy the
disk:
I) Initialize a blank disk with “‘SAMS”’ as the
name of the hello program.
INIT SAMS
2) Boot up your original, When you reach the
12 Hardcore COMPUTIST No, 26
menu, select the Instant Recall program, If you
have a way into the Monitor, reset into it while
Instant Recall is loading, and skip to step 5.
3) When Instant Recall is in, select Yes if you
have a printer, No if you don't.
4) Type ©Q as if you were going to exit the
program. Answer Yes when it asks if you saved
your file. Remove the Instant Recall disk and
insert the Anti-Reboot Disk. The ARD will
Pretend to boot and enter the Monitor for you.
5) Here comes the tricky part. This RWTS has
two modes. When it is time to load a program,
a routine in normally unused space, at SBAG69,
is called to enable it. After loading, it is returned
to its other state, which cannot read the program
disk. To make it work with Super IOB, we have
to set it up for loading before capturing it.
Execute the routine like this
BA69G
and the RWTS should be ready for use.
6) Move the RWTS to a safe location, boot up
a DOS 3.3 slave disk with no HELLO program,
and save the RWTS to disk.
1990<B800.BFFFM
=) 2]
BSAVE
RWTS.RECALL,A$1900,L$800
7) Install the swap controller with this article
into Super IOB. It ignores tracks 9-2 to protect
the DOS.
8) Copy the Instant Recall disk. Do not use the
INIT option.
9) When you have finished, you should have
Recall
the following files available to you on a normal
DOS 3.3 disk:
SANS
XPLAIN +
XPLAIN E
| .R. DEMO.
INSREPLUS
INSREIIE
18) Load the program SAMS and list it. You
will see that it is a short program that checks
to see if you're running a J[ Plus or //e, then
calls the graphic page display, But wait a
minute, there are some funny looking
commands that won't work with the normal
DOS we wish to use. Change the word “‘PDQ”*
in lines 20 and 30 to ‘‘RUN”’ and save it back
to the disk,
UNLOCK SAMS
SAVE SAMS
11) Load the other BASIC programs on the disk
and change their funny commands as well. Save
them back to the disk too.
LOAD XPLAIN +
Line 198: change “SAMS” to "BRUN"
Line 3000: change “GETIR" to “BLOAD"
Line 3098: change "PUTIR™ to “BSAVE"
Line 4000; change "PDQ" to “RUN”
UNLOCK XPLAIN +
SAVE XPLAIN +
Repeat what you did to XPLAIN + for
XPLAIN E.
LOAD LR.DEMO
Line 2498: change “POQ" to "RUN"
Line 2410: change "PDQ" to “RUN”
UNLOCK LR.DEMO
SAVE ILR.DEMO
Now we're almost finished. Try running
““SAMS””. On my copy, the program bombed
into the Monitor after I answered whether the
printer was on or not. Here's how I completed
the deprotection.
The file “INSREPLUS" is stored on disk
at $6500 but is loaded in at $803 by the
XPLAIN + program. The first time it is
executed at $803, it will crash after you tell it
if your printer is on, BUT, if immediately
executed again, it will put you right into the
command mode. This means that it is sclf-
modifying. The modified form of the program
is the one we want to save to disk. To properly
capture that one, load in the original file,
execute it the first time, and save it so that it
will be ready to run when first loaded. It's
usually a good idea to keep the same addresses
as found on the disk, as this one is loaded at
$6500 so the Applesoft program ‘“XPLAIN +""
OR “*XPLAIN E”" can reconfigure it.
BLOAD INSREPLUS,A$803
883G
Y
BSAVE TEMP, A$803,L$2522
BLOAD TEMP,AS6500
BSAVE INSREPLUS,A$650@,L$2522
‘Then repeat for the file “INSREIIE*.
BLOAD INSREHE,AS$03
863G-
¥
BSAVE TEMP,A$803,L$241B
BLOAD TEMP, A$6500
BSAVE INSREME,A$650@,L$241B
Now boot your new copy and it should put
you into the command mode after selecting
Instant Recall.
controller
1900 REM INSTANT RECALL CONTROLLER
1916 TK=3 ;LT=35 :ST=15 :LS=15 :CD=WR :FAST
=1
1820 GOSUB 366 : GOSUB 490 : GOSUB 619
1936 GOSUB 360 : GOSUB-49@ : GOSUB 610 : IF PEEK
(TRK ) = LT THEN 1850
1940 TK = PEEK (TRK) ;ST=PEEK (SCT) : GOTO1020
1050 HOME ; PRINT "COPYDONE" : END
19010 PRINT CHRS (4 }
RWTS RECALL, AS1900"
"BLOAD*
controller checksums
1680 - $3568 1940 - SOD4F
1010 - $2445 1058 - $8E6B
1028 - $C908 10018 - S5A7E
1930 - $FB9C
bg
Hardcore COMPUTIST No, 26 13
ProEdit: A
ProDOS Block
by Bob Bergstrom
Requirements:
64K Apple ][ with ProDOS
Hardcore Computing volume 1, issues | and
2 contained the DiskEdit series of programs by
Charles R. Haight. This program has been a
very useful “‘zap'’ utility which I continue to
use on DOS 3.3 disks, Recently, I purchased
ProDOS, the most recent operating system from
Apple and I immediately realized a need for
ProKdit, a zap utility for ProDOS disks.
ProEdit tries to maintain some of the look
of DiskEdit and therefore some of the routines
will look familiar. Major differences appear in
the disk I/O section and in the buffer display
section. In addition, a number of enhanced
operational features have been added.
Before going any further, an explanation of
some differences between Apple DOS 3.3 and
ProDOS is in order. ProDOS saves data in
blocks on the disk instead of in sectors, Each
block consists of two disk sectors, so ProDOS
saves 512 bytes per block instead of 256 bytes
per sector. Since the address and data markers
remain the same, DOS 3,3 sector editors can
read half of a ProDOS block, and ProEdit can
read two (non-sequential) DOS 3.3 sectors.
Unfortunately, the sectors are not numbered the
same way, so selecting the correct ones to read
can be a bit confusing. (For more on this, see
“Dos to ProDOS and back’’, Hardcore
COMPUTIST No. 25.)
ProDOS saves text in directories and TXT
files with the most significant bit low. Since
ProDOS expects ‘low ASCII” (bit 7=0) in the
directory entries, what used to be inverse and
flashing characters in DOS 3.3 are now
interpreted as normal screen characters. ‘This
means that the use of a zap program to build
flashing or inverse catalog entrics has been
climinated. If you insist on inserting “‘high
band" (bit 7= i) ASCII characters to the disk
directory, the entry will look normal on the
screen but ProDOS will not recognize that file
name for loading or running. A ProEdit option
allows bit 7 of ASCII code to be set high for
editing ProDOS blocks. This feature can be
used to modify a file name into a non-RUNable
directory entry, or it can be used to modify
ASCII tables or other specialized text stored on
diskette.
Firing Up ProEdit
Type in the Applesoft portion of the program
and save it as “‘PROEDIT"’. ProEdit can be
typed in under a Dos 3.3 environment if a
favorite DOS 3.3-based line editor is to be used.
The ProDOS conversion utility can then be used
to move ProBdit to a ProDOS diskette.
Now type in the machine language portion
(the hexdump) and save it with
BSAVE OBJ.PROEDIT,A$300,L$A5
this contains the machine language routines for
reading in the block through ProDOS, and
displaying the buffer data on the screen.
Before starting please note that line 1670
(activate printer) is set up for an Apple parallel
printer card in slot 1. Change line 1670 to match
your printer setup if necessary.
After ProEdit has been typed in, debugged
and saved, it is ready for practice on an
initialized ProDOS disk, Since irreversible
damage can be done to a disk by writing
modifications onto it, ALWAYS make a copy
of the disk to be altered before starting. In this
vein, carefully make a copy of the ProDOS
User’s Disk to practice on. Use the ‘‘copy a
volume’’ feature of the User's Disk. This
backup disk is what the following usage
demonstration is based on.
Once the copy has been made, get ProEdit
up and running. The ‘‘help"’ page should be on
the screen. Press the space bar and place the
backup copy you just made of the ProDOS
User’s Disk in drive one. To load the data
buffer, press “*R”” and ProEdit will prompt you
for a block number. If the present block number
is correct, the RETURN key can be pressed:
but for now, type a ‘*2"" and press RETURN
{if you pressed the wrong key, press ESCAPE
14 Hardcore COMPUTIST No. 26
and start over). When RETURN is pressed, the
disk drive should rotate and new data should
be displayed in the buffer field. If all is well,
the volume directory of the ProDOS disk should
be in the buffer.
Take a moment to observe the screen and
notice that the buffer is displayed in a field of
20 lines with two lines of command data below.
The command data lines show what mode
ProEdit is in. “BLOCK” is the current
ProDOS block number displayed in the buffer.
Half of the word “BUFFER” is highlighted to
show which half of the buffer is presently
displayed on the screen. ‘HEX’? or
“ASC/MSB="" tells how the buffer is being
displayed and if in ASCII (text) mode, whether
the most significant bit (bit 7) of inserted data
would be high or low. ‘*PTR’* tells where the
pointer (cursor) is in the buffer. The upper
“PTR” number is an absolute buffer location
and the number beneath it is the relative pointer.
“SLOT” indicates which disk interface slot will
be accessed by READ and WRITE commands
and “DRIVE” is the active drive number.
“I/O” is either hex or decimal and tells which
number system is being used in the command
lines. “‘COMMAND” is the prompt area
showing which command ProEdit is in while
waiting for keyboard input.
The buffer display can be changed from
ASCII (text) to hex and back again by pressing
the “‘A’’ key, If the ASC mode is active,
pressing “*C’’ will toggle display of buffer
control characters between inverse text and
periods. If ‘*?"* is pressed, a help screen of
ProEdit’s key assignments will be displayed.
Press the I.J,K, and M keys to move around
within the buffer. Note that only one half of the
buffer can be displayed at a time. To see the
other half, press ‘*B’’. Press ‘“B”’ again to see
the first half of the buffer and press ‘*P’’. Type
in **79"* and press RETURN. The cursor has
moved to byte $79 (“*$"" means the number is
a hex number) of the ficld. Press ““Z’" and the
lower PTR (pointer) number, the relative byte
number, is set to zero, Now to move the cursor
over 16 ($10) bytes, a mental count of 16
keystrokes is not required...just watch the
relative pointer number and stop pressing when
Editor
—
it reads $10! To change the number system
displayed on the command lines, press “*U"* and
the ‘10°’ (hex) will be converted to 16
(decimal). Press *‘I’’ once, “J"" twice and ‘“A™"
to toggle the buffer into text mode. The relative
counter should read ‘*1’’ and the cursor should
be pointing to the first letter of the file name
“FILER”,
The relative count feature just used is
invaluable when modifying a file entry in the
ProDOS directory. Each file or subdirectory
entry is divided into 13 fields for name, file
length, file type, etc. The offset position for
each field from the start of each directory entry
is standardized. (For more information
concerning directory fields, see Beneath Apple
ProDOS by Don Worth and Peter Lechner.)
Once the start of the directory entry is found,
press ‘‘Z”* to zero the relative counter and the
cursor can be easily indexed to the field of
interest by watching the relative counter.
Press the ‘*E" key and type in a couple letters
to modify the ““FILER"’ file name. Press the
escape key to exit the edit mode. When the
center of the top line in the command area reads
“ASC/MSB ="", text is edited into the buffer.
If that area reads ““HEX”’ then the edited data
is hex numbers ($00 to SFF) for each buffer
position. If a large error is made during the edit
mode, the original data can be restored by re-
reading the disk IF the modified buffer has not
been saved to disk. Remember, as long as the
buffer is NOT written to disk, the original data
is safe. Once the buffer is written back to disk,
the original information is gone forever unless
a backup disk has been made.
Learning More
Since a backup diskette is in the disk drive,
go ahead and become familiar with the ProEdit
commands. To learn more about the potential
power of ProEdit, a ‘‘must’’ reference in
addition to the ProDOS manuals is Beneath
Apple ProDOS by Don Worth and Pieter
Lechner. It explains everything about ProDOS
starting with an introduction to what ProDOS
is and going all the way to very technical aspects
of the system.
With this new ProDOS tool in your hands,
the power to alter and/or repair disk files and
directories is within reach. Use it wisely and
use it well.
Summary of ProEdit Commands
A ~ switches buffer display between ASCI!
and hexadecimal
B - toggles between first and second half
of the buffer
C - switches display of contro! characters
from "." to inverse chars
D - switch active drive from 1 to 2
E - edit mode
H - select high or low ASCII text entry
1,J,K,M - cursor up, left, right down
L - disassemble buffer: Space bar freezes
display, Return exits
Q - dumps screen to printer
P ~ position cursor to byte number
R - read block from disk
S - select active disk slot
U - switch command line display from hex
to decimal numbers
W ~ write biock to disk
X - exit to Applesoft
Z ~ zeros relative byte marker
- read next buffer
IL) - read last buffer
ProEdit BASIC Program
1D REM Steer es eereeeeevenee
20 REW* PROEDIT %
SO REM* PRODOS BLOCK *
46 REW * EDITOR i
50 REM* BY BOB BERGSTROM *
60 REN * (C) 1985 hs
70 REM * SOFTKEY PUBLISHING*
BD REN Att ease onan
9B REM
100 TEXT ; HOME - HIMEM: 36863 ; GOSUB 1940 :
GOSUB 550 : GOTO 1080
110 REM WAIT FOR KEY
128 KY = PEEK (KB) ; IF KY < C7 THEN 126
139 POKE KS ,@ > RETURN
149 REM MOVE CURSOR IN FIELD
150 GOSUB 270 : PRINT "** :KY=KY-8 : ONKY GOTO
160 188 200 , 1080 230
160 VT = VT-1- IF VT <@THENYT = 19 : GOTO 240
179 GOTO 250
180 HT =H -1
199 GOTO 250
200 HT = HT +1 > |FHT > 13 THENHT = 1 - GOTO230
210 IF VT = 19 ANDHT > 9 THEN HT = 1 : GOTO 230
228 GOTO 250
230 VT-= VT +1: IF VT > 19 THEN VT =
24 IF VT = 19 AND HT > 9 THEN HT = 9
250 GOSUB 270 : INVERSE ; PRINT ">" : NORMAL :PT
= VT * 13+HT- 1+ BF * C2 : RETURN
260 REM CALC CURSOR POSITION
270 \FHT <1 THENHT = 13 :VT=YT-1: IFT <0
THEN VT = 19 HT =9
28DHTAB (HT-1) * 341: VIABYT +2 : RETURN
290 REW PRINT CURSOR IN BUFFER FIELD
300 KY = ABS (KY ) : GOSUB 270; PRINT "*": VT
= INT (KY /13) cHT=KY~ (VT * 13) 41
GOSUB 556 : GOTO 250
310 REM PRINT "—
320 FOR | = 1 10.46 : PRINT "-" ;
330 REM PROCESS EDIT DATA
340 NORMAL : GOSUB 270 = PRINT ">®" CHRS (B) CHRS
(8); : IFHF = 1 THEN 370 ; REM HEX DATA??
350 GOSUB 460 : IF NOT HB THEN KY = KY ~ C7: REW
GET ASCII CHAR , SET BIT 7?
360 GOTO 500
370 GOSUB 830 : IF KY > 15 THEN PRINT CHRS (7):
: GOTO 370 : REM IST HEX DIGIT
380 Al = KY : GOSUB 420
390 GOSUB 830 : IF KY > 15 THEN PRINT CHRS (7);
GOTO 398 ; REM 2ND HEX DIGIT
400 A2 = KY : GOSUB 426 - GOSUB 908 : GOTO 580 ;
REM CONVERT DIGITS TO TOTAL
410 REM PRINT DEC/HEX DIGIT FROM LOOKUP TABLE
420 PRINT MIDS (HES ,KY +1 ,1); = RETURN
430 REM CALC Al MOD A2
440 NU = INT (ABS (Al ) ~ INT ( ABS (AL /A2) ) *
ABS (A2) + .05) * SGN (Al / AZ) : RETURN
450 REM INPUT ASCI | CHAR
460 GOSUB 120 ; IF KY <> 155 THEN RETURN
470 BL =PEEK (BK +1) * C2 + PEEK (BK) : GOSUB
1920 : GOSUB 550 : GOSUB 600 : GOSUB 539
POKE CM .RD ; ONERR GOTO 1088
480 POP : GOTO 489
490 REM POKE VALUE |NTO BUFFER , PRINT TO FIELD
500 POKE BS +PT ,KY : GOSUB 270: PRINT"*": :
POKE TH KY : CALL DP : GOTO 200
IF HT <@ THEN HT = 13 : GOTO 166
NEXT ; RETURN
Hardcore COMPUTIST No. 26 16
516 REM ACCESS DISK , PRINT BUFFER FIELO
526 CALL PD
530. CALL PB : GOTO 250
540 REM PRINT STATUS LINE LABELS
‘550 VTAB 23 : HTAB1 : CALL ~ 958 : INVERSE : PRINT
1 F NOT BF THEN HTAB 12 ; NORMAL
: INVERSE ; PRINT "BUF" ;
NORWAL : PRINT "FER" ; : INVERSE
560 |F BF THEN HTAB 13 : NORWAL : PRINT "BUF" ;
+ INVERSE : PRINT "FER" ; : NORMAL ; PRINT
"e's: INVERSE
57@HTAB 33 ; PRINT “PTR” : PRINT "SLOT" ; : HTAB
9: PRINT "DRIVE" ; ; HTAB 18 : PRINT "1/0" ;
580 VTAB 24 : HTAB 27 : FLASH : PRINT "COMMAND"
i: NORMAL : PRINT "*" | > RETURN
590 REM PRINT STATUS LINE VALUES
600 VTAB 23 ; HTAB7 : IF CF THEN PRINT BL “**"
3 HTAB37 : PRINTPT "*** ; : VTAB24 ; HTAB
36 : IF PT - OF >~1 THEN PRINT "**“*
CHRS (8); CHRS (8); CHRS (8 ):PT-OF; :
GOTO 708
610 IF CF THEN PRINT "****" ae (8); CHRS
(8) ; CHRS (8); CHR$ (8) ;PT-OF; : GOTO 700
620. 1F BL > C6 THEN PRINT "1"; ; POKE TM ,BL~C2
2 CALL HP : GOTO 640
630 PRINT “O" ; : POKE TM ,BL : CALL HP
648 HTAB 37 : IF PT > C6 THEN PRINT "1" ; © POKE
‘TM ,PT -C2 ; CALL HP : GOTO 668
650 PRINT "®" ; ; POKE TM ,PT ; CALL HP
‘660 VTAB 24°: HTAB 36 ; PRINT "****" ; CHRS (8
); CHRS (8 ); CHRS (8); CHR$ (8); : IF PT
~ OF >- 1 THEN PRINT "*" ; : GOTO 688
670 PRINT "~* ;
686 IF ABS (PT -OF ) > C6 THENPRINT "1" ; ; POKE
TM , ABS (PT-OF ) ~ C2 : CALLHP : GOTO 700
69GPRINT "6" ; : POKETM , ABS (PT-OF ) : CALLHP.
700 VTAB 23 ; HTAB21: PRINT"“" | : INVERSE : IF
HF = 1 THEN PRINT “HEX” ; ; NORMAL : PRINT
710 FHF = 2 AND NOT HB THEN PRINT "ASC/MSB=" ;
NORMAL : PRINT "8" ;
720 \F HF = 2 AND HB THEN PRINT "ASC/MSB=" ; :
NORMAL ; PRINT "2" ;
738 \VTAB 24 : HTAB6 ; PRINTSL; ; HTAB 15 : PRINT
OR: : HTAB 22 : 1F NOT CF THEN PRINT "HEX"
+} RETURN
748 PRINT “DEC* ; : RETURN
758 REM RING BELL
760 PRINT CHRS (7) CHRS (7); : RETURN
77 REM OECODE ERROR , PRINT TO FIELD
TOOER = PEEK (EF) : POKE34 ,1 : POKE 35 . 21 : HOME
: VTAB 12: HTAB 12: IF ER = 39 THEN PRINT
"DISK* 1/0* ERROR"
790 |F ER = 40 THEN PRINT "NO* DEVICE* CONNECTED”
800 IF ER = 43 THEN PRINT “DISK* WRITE*
PROTECTED"
810 FOR | = 110.2500 : NEXT : POKE 772 ,@ : POKE
35 24 : GOTO 536
820 REM KEYPRESS DECODE FOR NUMERICS
839 GOSUB 460 : IF KY = 141 THEN RETURN
840 KY = KY - 176 = IF KY <@ORKY > 22 THEN GOSUB
766 : GOTO 830
850 IF KY > 9 THEN KY =KY-7 : [FKY< 18 ORKY>
15 THEN GOSUB 760 : GOTO 830
860 |F ED THEN RETURN : REM EDIT MODE? THEN MUST
BE HEX
876 IF CF AND KY > 9 THEN GOSUB 760 : GOTO 830 :
REM COMMAND LINE DEC NUMBER TOO BIG?
889 RETURN
890 REM ASSEMBLE NUMBER
980 IF ED OR NOT CF THEN KY = Al * C3 + A2 ;
RETURN : REM 'EDIT' OR COMMAND LINE HEX (2
DIGITS )
910 |F NOT ED AND CF THEN KY = Al ® C9 + AZ
RETURN : REMNOT 'EDIT' , GET DECNUMBER (2
OIGITS )
920 IF ED OR NOT CF THEN KY = Al * C2 +A2 * C3
+A3: RETURN : REM 'ED|T’ OR COMMAND LINE
HEX (3 DIGITS )
930 KY = Al * CB +A2 * C9 +A3 ; RETURN» REM
COMMAND LINE DEC (3 DIGITS )
94 REM ENCODE STRING INPUT TO HEX VALUE
950 ABS = "000" + ABS :AB$=RIGHT$ (ABS 4) :J
=1:FOR|=1704 :PR(1) =@: NEXT | : FOR
1 = 1 TOLEN (ABS ) :PR(I) = ASC ( MIDS (ABS
oa 48; |FPR(1) >9THENPR(! ) =PR(/
960 J= sai NEXT | :PR=Cl * PR(1)} + C2 *
PR(2) +3 * PR(3) + PR(4) : RETURN
970 REM PRODOS BLOCK NUMBER
980 VTAB 23 ; HTAB 1 : FLASH : PRINT "BLOCK™ ; ;
NORMAL : PRINT "*" ; ; GOSUB 830 ; IF KY >
15 THEN KY = PEEK (BK ) + PEEK (BK +1) * C2
: GOTO 1028
99BAl =KY : GOSUB 420 : GOSUB 830 : IF KY> 15 THEN
KY = Ai - GOTO 1028
1000 A2 = KY : GOSUB 420 ; GOSUB 830 : IF KY> 15
* a
* WACHINE LANGUAGE ed
bd SUBROUTINES FOR *
bf PROEDIT *
* BY BOB BERGSTROM ms
* —er es ee
*
*
0822- WNOTOP EQ $22 iWINDOW. TOP
0824- CH EQ $24 ;CURSOR HOR POSITION
825- CV -EQ $25 ;CURSOR VERT POSITION
BFOB- ML! -EQ $BF8@ | PRODOS SYSTEM CALL ADDRESS
FC22- VTAB EQ SFC22 —_; VTAB TO CV
FCSC- CLREOL EQ SFC9C =; CLEAR TO END OF LINE
FODA- PRBYTE .EQ SFDDA =; PRINT A HEX BYTE
FOED- COUT -EQ SFOED =; PRINT ASCII TEXT
FF3A~ BELL -EQ SFF3A RING BELL
*
*
*
-OR $0300
TF OBJ. PROEDIT
*
*
9300: 91 PRNTMOD HS O61 sDATA PRINT MODE (@1=HEX 62=ASC! 1)
8301: 60 LNLFT LHS. 88 iSPACE LEFT ON CUR LINE (8000)
9302: 00 BUFCNT = .HS 08 iBUFFER COUNT, DATA PRINT (GOFF)
9303: 80 TEWP] «= LHS 08 ;DEC DATA POKED HERE FOR HEX CONV
0304: 00 EFLAG HS 68 iMLI ERROR FLAG (80=NO ERROR)
9305: 68 CFLAG HS 68 +CTRL CHAR PRINT FLG (@@='.' @1=CTRL)
*
* CALL HERE FOR DISK 1/0 *
*
9306: 20 OC O3 ENTRY JSR SYSCALL ;CALL THE SYSTEM CALL ROUTINE
9309: DB 68 BNE ERROR ©; IF A-REG = @ THEN ERROR
0368: 60 RTS sCALL COWPLETE, NO PROBLEMS
*
*
O38C: 20 B8 BF SYSCALL JSR ML! 7ENTER PRODOS MACH LANG INTERFACE
O30F: 80 AHS 88 :COMMAND POKED HERE (80=RD 81=HR)
0310: 1A 63 -DA PARNLST ; ADDRESS OF PARM LIST
0312: 6B RTS. ;PROOOS RETURNS TO HERE
*
*
@313: 8D 04 03 ERROR STA EFLAG — ;STORE ERROR CODE
9316: 20 3A FF JSR BELL FRING BELL
0319: 66 RTS,
*
*
O31A: 83 PARMLST HS 63 ;PARAMETER COUNT
O31B: 60 UNITNUM LHS 68 PSLOT/ORIVE PARM HERE BEFORE CALL
O31C: O80 90 DATABUF HS 6098 :BUFFER ADDRESS LO,HI
O31E: 60 80 BLOKNUN HS 0000 BLOCK NUMBER TO READ POKED HERE
*
* CALL HERE PRINTS BASELINE DATA AS HEX 5
*
0320: AD 8: LOA TEMP
0323: 4C 3 IMP HEXPRNT
16 Hardcore COMPUTIST No. 26
THEN GOSUB 900 : GOTO 1828
1910 A3 = KY ; GOSUB 420 : GOSUB 926
1820 |F KY < @ OR KY > 279 THEN PRINT CHRS (7 );
> GOTO 988
1930 BL = KY ; GOSUB 608
1849 VTAB 23 ; HTAB 1 ; INVERSE ; PRINT "BLOCK"
+ NORWAL
1050 1F PEEK (CM ) = 129 THEN VTAB 24 : HTAB 27 ;
FLASH : PRINT "??WRITE??" CHRS (7 ) CHRS (7
) CHRS (7); : NORMAL : GOSUB 460 : IF KY <
> 141 THEN 478
1860 POKE BK +1, INT (BL/ C2) : POKEBK , INT
(BL ~ ( INT (BL/C2) * C2) ) : GOTO 520
1076 REM TOP OF MAIN ‘CONMAND' LOOP
1088 POKE 216 ,@ :ED = 0 : GOSUB 580 : GOSUB 600
+ IF PEEK (772 ) > 0 THEN GOSUB 780
1990 REM GET COMMAND
1190 GOSUB 276 : GOSUB 120 : IF KY = 148 THEN GOSUB
1338 : GOTO 1088
1110 IF KY = 142 THEN GOSUB 1360 ; GOTO 1080
1120 KY = KY = 192: IF KY = - 1 THEN 1310
1138 IF KY > @ AND KY < 27 THEN ON KY GOSUB 1160
1550 1208 1230 1260 ,760 ,766 1570
150,150,156 , 1718 150 , 760 , 1630 1399
0338: 20 DA FD HEXPRNT JSR PRBYTE
0333; 60 RTS
*
* CALL HERE PRINTS FIELD DATA AS TYPED IN *
%
9326: AD 03 93 LOA TEMPL =; LOAD ACCUM FOR PRINTOUT
0329: AE 08 3 LOX PRNTMOD GET PRINT MODE CODE
832C: £0 92 CPX #992 (ASCII PRINT REQUESTED?
O32E: FO 04 BEQ ASCPRNT ;YES, PRINT FIELD AS TEXT
jNO, PRINT FIELD AS HEX
6334: 09 80 ASCPRNT ORA #$80 (SET MSB=1 FOR COUT
0336: 20 ED FD JSR COUT ;PRINT TEXT
0339: 60 RTS
*
* CALL HERE PRINTS 1/2 BLOCK OF HEX/ASCI! *
* WHICH HALF OF BUFFER CONTROLLED BY POKE +
*
933A: AD O1 LDA #381 ;SET CURSOR VERTICALLY
933C: 85 25 STA CV iAT TOP OF FIELD WINDOW
933E: 20 22 FC JSR VTAB
0341: Ad OO LOA #300 {SET CURSOR HOR! ZONTALLY
0343; 85 24 STA CH ;TO LEFT EDGE OF FIELD
0345; 8D 02 03 STA BUFCNT —; INIT PTR TO BUF START
0348: AS OD NEWLN LDA #$9D sSET COUNT FOR 13 PRINT
O34A; 8D 01 03 STA LNLFT —-; POSITIONS PER LINE,
0340; A9 AG LOA #$A0 ;PRINT A SPACE
O34F: 20 ED FD JSR COUT
9352; AE 02 63 SAWELN LOX BUFCNT GET OFFSET INTO BUFFER, CHAR
9355: B80 06 98 LOA $9000,X ;90=BUF 91=FER (POKE BEFORE CALL)
9358: AE OO 93 LOX PRNTMOD {GET PRINT MODE (1=HEX 2=ASC)
O35B: EO 82 CPX #$02 ;PRINT ASCII TEXT?
8350: FO OB BEQ TXTPRNT YES, GO 00 IT.
035F; 28 DA FD JSR PRBYTE —;NO, PRINT HEX.
9362: Ad AD LOA #SA0 iPRINT A SPACE
8364: 20 ED FD JSR COUT
0367: 4C 88 03 JMP COUNT
B36A: 09 86 TXTPRNT ORA #$80 +SET WSB=1 FOR COUT
O36C: CO AB CUP SAD iVALUE >=$A0? (NORM OR LC)
O36E: 10 GE BPL PROUT =; YES, GO PRINT
9370; AE 95 93 LOX CFLAG = -GET CTRL PRINT MODE
9373: ED 00 CPX #$00 PRINT A '."?
9375. FO 05 BEQ DOT sYES
0377; £9 80 SBC $80 iNO, SET FOR INVERSE CHAR
0379: 4C 7E 93 JMP PROUT
O37C: AS AE DoT LOA ASAE iNO, CTRL-CHAR PRINT "."
@37E; 26 ED FD PROUT JSR COUT j60 PRINT
8381: Ao Ad LDA RSAG ;PRINT TWO SPACES
0383: 26 ED FO JSR COUT
0386; AQ AD LOA #SAB
0388: 26 ED FD JSR COUT
@38B: EE @2 03 COUNT — INC BUFCNT :MOVE POINTER 1 FURTHER
O38E: FO 08 BEQ BUFEND :1F ROLLED TO ZERO, BRANCH
9390: CE 01 03 DEC LNLFT © ;DECREASE LINE SPACE REMAINING
9393: 08 8D BNE SAMELN < 1F SPACE LEFT, BRANCH
9395: 4C 48 03 JWPNEWLN = jNEED NEW LINE
0398: 20 9C FC BUFEND JSR CLREOL ;PRINT SPACES ON REST OF LINE
9398: £6 25 INC CV iWOVE CURSOR TO NEXT LINE
0390: 20 22 FC JSR VTAB
O38; AQ 16 LDA #$16 ;SET TOP LINE OF SCROLL-
B3A2: 85 22 STA WNOTOP =; WINDOW TO LINE 22
O3A4: 60 RTS ;RETURN TO BASIC PROG
7681470 1498 760 1296 768 1530
1618 760 , 15908
1146 GOTO 1086
1150 REM TOGGLE ASCI!/HEX FIELD DISPLAY
1160 HX = NOT HX : IF HX THEN 1180
1170 HF = 2: POKE FW HF : GOTO 530
1180 HF = 1 : POKE FM HF - GOTO 530
1198 REM TOGGLE CTL-CHAR PRINT
1200 |FHF = 2 THENCC =NOT CC : POKECT .CC : GOTO
530
1210 RETURN
1226 REM TOGGLE ACTIVE ORIVE
1239 DR= (NOT (OR~1)} +1
1240 POKE UT , (OR-1) + C?+ SL # C3 = GOTO 550
1250 REM EDIT
1260 VTAB 24 : HTAB 27 ; FLASH ; PRINT CHRS (7 )
">>EDITe<" ; :ED = 1
1270 GOSUB 348 ; GOSUB 620 : GOTO 1270
1280 REM TOGGLE COW'D LINE HEX/DEC
1290 CF = NOT CF : RETURN
1300 REM HELP SCREEN
1310 GOSUB 1868 ; GOSUB 550 ; GOSUB 530 ; GOTO
1988
1326 REM LAST BLOCK
1330 BL = BL-1 : IF BL>=@ THEN 1068
1346 BL = 279 : GOTO 1060
135@ REM NEXT BLOCK
1360 BL = BL +1: IF BL <= 279 THEN 1060
1370 BL = 8 ; GOTO 1968
1380 REM SET POINTER IN BUFFER
1396 VTAB 24 : HTAB 27 ; INVERSE : PRINT
"SET-PTR" : : VTAB 23 : HTAB 33 ; FLASH
PRINT “PTR” CHRS (7): : NORWAL ; PRINT "*
2" CHRS (8) CHRS (8) CHRS (8); : GOSUB
830 : IF KY > 15 THEN GOSUB 556 : GOTO 250
1408 Al = KY : GOSUB 420 : GOSUB 830 : IF KY > 15
THEN KY = Al : GOTO 308
1410 A2 = KY - GOSUB 420 : GOSUB 830
THEN GOSUB 980 ; GOTO 388
1426 A3 = KY ; GOSUB-420 : GOSUB 920 : IF NOT BF
THEN IF KY > C6 THEN GOSUB 760 : GOTO 1390
1430 IF BF THEN IF KY < C2 OR KY > C5 THEN GOSUB
760 : GOTO 1398
1440 IF KY > C6 THEN KY = KY - C2
1458 GOTO 306
1466 REM READ A BLOCK FROM DISK
1478 VTAB 24 : HTAB 27 : INVERSE : PRINT" >READ<”
i NORMAL ; PRINT CHRS (7) °°"; : GOSUB
980 : GOTO 550
148@ REM SET ACTIVE SLOT
1499 VTAB 24 : HTAB 27 ; INVERSE ; PRINT "SET*
;AB 1 : FLASH : PRINT "SLOT" CHRS.
NORMAL = HTAB6 : PRINT "*" | : GOSUB
3 : IF KY > 15 THEN GOTO 550
1500 IF KY < LOR KY > 7 THEN 1498
T519SL=KY : POKEUT .(DR-1) * C7 + SL ¥ C3
: GOTO 550
1528 REM WRITE BLOCK TO DISK
1530 POKE CM ,WR ; VTAB 24 : HTAB 27 ; INVERSE «
PRINT ">WRITE<" CHR$ (7); ; NORMAL : GOSUB
986 ; POKE CM .RD : GOTO 550
1549 REM TOGGLE DISPLAYED BUFFER HALF
1550 BF = NOT BF :PT = VT * 13+ HT - 1+ BF *
C2 : POKE BU , 144+ BF : GOSUB 530 : GOTO 550
1566 REM TOGGLE ASCI| HI-BIT (EDIT MODE )
1578 HS = NOT HB; RETURN
158@ REM ZERO POINTER OFFSET
1590 OF = PT ; RETURN
1608 REM EXIT TO BASIC
1610 TEXT : HOWE : END
1620 REM OUTPUT TO PRINTER
1630 VTAB 23 : HTAB 1: PRINT “* * VERIFY*
PRINTER* ON* &* PRESS® <RETURN>* *" ;
1648 GOSUB 120
IF KY > 15
Hardcore COMPUTIST No. 26 17
1656 VTAB 1 ; GOSUB 1849 ; GOSUB 600 ; GOSUB 250
: VTAB 1; PRINT > IF KY <> 141 THEN RETURN
1666 REM SET UP FOR PARALLEL PRINTER CARD
1670 PRINT DS; "PREL" ; PRINT I$; “8QN"
1688 FOR V= 1 70-24 : VTABY :X = PEEK (40) + PEEK
(41) * 256 : FORH =X TO X + 39 :AS = PEEK
(H) : PRINT CHRS (((AS< 32) * (AS + 64 )
) + ((AS> 31) * AS) ); : NEXT ; PRINT >
NEXT
1690 FOR | = 1 TO5 ; PRINT : NEXT : PRINT DS “PREG”
> RETURN
1700 REM DISASSEMBLE BUFFER
1718 TEXT : HOME ; INPUT “STARTING* BYTE* ($8*
TO* $1FE* HEX) :*" ;ABS > IF LEN (ABS ) =@
THEN PR = @ : GOTO 1748
1720 GOSUB 950 ; IF PR<@ OR PR> 510 THEN 1710
1739 REM PRINT LOOP STARTS HERE
1740Al = BS+PR -A2=C2 : GOSUB 440 : POKEPC ,NU
POKEPC+1, INT ((BS+PR) /C2) : CALL ID
1750 Al =PEEK (BS+PR) :A2= 32 : GOSUB 446: IF
NU < > C3 THEN 1798
1768 HTAB 27 : PRINT "[" ; :NU = PEEK (BS + PR+
1) : IF NU < C7 THEN 1780
1770 PRINT NU - 254; "] 2 GOTO 1798
1786 PRINT "+" ;NU + 2; *}
1790 PR= PEEK (LE) +PR+1: IF PR>CS THEN PRINT
PRINT D$; "PR#O" = PRINT : INPUT "****
* PLEASE” PRESS* <RETURN>*'" : ABS ; GOSUB
1920 ; GOSUB 550 ; CALL PB : GOTO 258
1800 IF PEEK (KB) < C7 THEN 1748
1818 REM PRINT LOOP END - |F YOU'RE HERE
KEY WAS PRESSED
1820 KY = PEEK (KB) : POKEKS 8: IFKY <> 160
AND KY < > 141 THEN 1748 > REM
SPACE OR RETURN?
1830 GOSUB 126 : IF KY <> 141 THEN 1749
1840 GOSUB 1920 : GOSUB 558 ; CALL PB : GOTO 250
1850 REM PRINT HELP TABLE
1860 PRINT : TEXT ; HOME > HTAB & : PRINT
“COMMAND* TABLE:" : PRINT : HTAB 4 > PRINT
"A* ~* TOGGLE* ASC | 1/HEX* DISPLAY" ; HTAB
4: PRINT "B* -* TOGGLE* ACTIVE* BUFFER*
HALF”
1870 HTAB 4 ; PRINT “C*—* TOGGLE* CONTROL~CHAR*
PRINT” ; HTAB 4 : PRINT "D* ~* SET* DRIVE"
HTAB 4 : PRINT "E* ~* EDIT* (ESC*TO* END)”
1880 HTAB 4 : PRINT "H* -* TOGGLE* ASC! |* EDIT*
HI-BIT" : HTAB4 : PRINT "I. J.K,M* =“ WOVE*
CURSOR* IN* FIELD" : HTAB4 : PRINT “L*-*
DISASSENBLE* BUFFER" : HTAB 4 ; PRINT "O*
~* OQUTPUT* SCREEN* TO* PRINTER"
1890 HTAB 4 : PRINT "P*-* POSIT ION® CURSOR® |N*
* * (RETURN* USES* DI SPLAYED® VALUES) * :
HTAB 4 : PRINT "S* -* SET* SLOT” ; HTAB 4 :
PRINT "U* ~* UPDATE* COMMAND* LINE* TO*
DEC/HEX"
1908 HTAB 4 ; PRINT "W* -* WRITE* BLOCK* TO*
DISK" ; HTAB 4 : PRINT "X* ~* EXIT* TO*
APPLESOFT” : HTAB 4 = PRINT "Z* -* ZERO*
RELATIVE* BYTE* COUNTER" : PRINT "CTRL*
L/N® =" LAST/* NEXT* SECTOR"
1918 VTAB 24 : HTAB 8 - PRINT "PRESS* ANY* KEY*
TO* CONTINUE*" ; : GOSUB 460
1926 POKE 34 .6 : HOME : GOSUB 320 : VTAB 22 :
GOSUB 320 : RETURN
1939 REM POKE ML 1/0 , INIT VARIABLES
, SET CONSTANTS
1940 IF PEEK (774 ) < > 32 THEN PRINT CHR$ (4 )
“BLOAD* OBJ .PROEDIT, AS3@0"
1956 Fi = 768 :TW= 771 :EF = 772 :CT=773 :PD=
774 -CM = 783 :UT = 795 :BK = 798 :HP = 808
‘DP = 806 :PB8 = 826 :BU = B55
1960 ID = 63696 ;LE= 47 :PC = 58 :RD= 128 :WR=
129 :BS = 36864 :KB = - 16384 |KS = - 16368
1970 Cl = 4096 :C2 = 256 :€3 = 16 :C5=511 :C6=
255 :C7 = 128 C8 = 100 :09 = 10 :0$ = CHRS
(4) <1$ = CHRS (9)
1980 SL =6 :DR=1 :HB=@ :HX=1:HF =] :HT=1
WT =O :BL=O :BFe@ :0C=@ :CF=0 :HES =
"0123456789ABCDEF" : GOSUB 1868 : GOTO 530
Hexdump for ProEdit
9300: G1 80 00 OG 00 68 20 0C $5084
0308: 83 DO 08 60 20 00 BF 80 $98FA
9310: 1A 63 60 8D 04 03 20 3k = $7055
0318: FF 66 63 68 60 99 00 0 © $6C0B
9320: AD 03 03 4C 30 63 AD 3 SCEDB
9328: 63 AE 00 03 £0 02 FO O¢ = $6CF7
0330: 20 DA FD 60 09 80 20 ED $0158
9338: FD 60 AD 1 85 25 20 22 $69F8
W348: FC AS 00 85 24 8D 62 93 $6563
9348: AS BD BD G1 03 AD AD 20 © $52EC
0350: ED FD AE 02 03 80.06.90 $0878
0358: AE 00 03 EG 02 FO OB 20 $9A87
9360: DA FD AI AB 2B ED FD 4C $2051
9368: 88 03 69 80 C9 AD 10 BE $C5DC
9370: AE 85 63 EG OD FO 85 E9 SDIF2
G378: 80 4C 7E 03 AS AE 20 ED © $BO6F
9380: FD AS AD 20 ED FD AQ AB $1A00
9388: 20 ED FD EE 02 03 FO 08 SCIBD
9390: CE 81 63 0 BD 4c 48 G3 $7072
9398: 20 9C FC E6 25 20 22 FC $3E56
O3A0: AS 16 85 22 6B $5858
ProEdit BASIC Checksums
19 - $BADD 1088 - $3368
2000 - $9813 1018 - S5AD3
300 - $4038 1928 - $2C7A
48 - SAD92 1038 - SAF38
58 - $C899 1040 - $2304
68 0 SFFE5 1056 - S705F
76 ~ $A3BF 1060 - $544E
eo - $A900 1878 - SD6BE
90 =~ $9240 1980 - $FB18
190 ~ $F834 1998 - $105F
110 ~ $2E42 1108 - SEE36
126 - $45F1 1118 - SB6DF
130 ~ $3EBA 1126 - $7380
149 ~ $2035 1138 - SELF9
150 ~ $5928 1146 - $78F9
160 - $D3AF 1150 - $9074
170 - $9902 1166 - $866C
180 - $FAl4 W178 - $7385
198 = $CC13 1186 - SFCB5
200 - $2462 1198 - $5104
219 - $B84E 1208 - $63F2
220 - $BB07 1210 - S717E
2380 - SO7FF 1228 - SAG7E
240° - $D4A9 1230 - $£364
250 - $9C58 1248 - $FA76
260° - $788E 1258 - $496
278 - $1BAF 1268 - $8C04
288 - $F2AF 1278 - $CEG4
18 Hardcore COMPUTIST No. 26
298
300
310
328
330
350
360
376
380
390
409
410
420
430
446
450
460
470
480
490
508
518
520
530
548
558
560
576
588
598
618
628
638
640
650
660
670
680
690
700
ne
728
730
748
758
760
776
780
790
860
810
820
830
840
850
860
870
880
890
900
910
920
930
940
950
965
970
980
990
— SBBE9
~ $F302
= S6A34
— S$6A28
~ S40FB
~ $3780
~ SAIF3
~ $0278
- $3494
~ $0082
~ SIE6D
~ $Fll0
~ $E654
= $3005
- $4981
~ $8532
~ SO2EA
- S4EF4
~ $3265
~ $7949
~ SAAFB
= SOFAF
- $70CB
~ $B92E
- S99EC
~ SBEFC
~ $383C
- $3834
- $F73A
= $68E2
~ $5208
- $5C79
— $E928
~ SFABS
~ $3667
- $F291
~ $6906
~ S3A58
= SC1C2
- $579E
- SO77A
~ $F395
- $5665
- SEE9D
~ $2483
- $F163
~ SDCFC
- SSFBC
~ $4826
~ $8383
- SAC
- $3667
~ $5895
~ $BA02
~ $2CA5
- $0CC5
> $0300
= $8023
- $71F0
~ $4712
= $67AB
= $570
~ $67C1
- $6052
~ $6705
~ $8616
1288 - S$DE22
1299 - $0438
1308 - $9D0C
1318 - $25B3
1320 - $404F
1338 - $54E3
1348 - $9049
1358 - $2708
1360 - $7673
1370 = $1633
1380 - $2526
1390 - $EE55
1480 - $5824
1410 - $BC68
1420 - $0F11
1430 - $97FL
1449 - $BC88
1450 - $0402
1468 - S400E
1478 - $255A
1488 - $802D
1496 - SA73C
1500 - SFCE8
1518 ~ SCD88
1528 - SBAAD
1530 - S8BEF
1548 - SAGAC
1550 - $6506
1568 - $EBIE
1570 - $2628
1580 - $906F
1598 - $3290
1680 - $CABF
1616 - $ECA2
1620 - $A745
1638 - $1958
1640 - $3002
1658 - $OF57
1660 - $3E84
1678 - SF344
1688 - $52CC
1699 - $A092
1700 - $F7C1
1710 - $6388
1720 - $9F74
1730 - $£931
1740 ~ $E70D
1750 - $8AFE
1760 ~ $157A
1778 - SEFAG
1780 - $8E@D
1799 - $2506
1808 = $38DF
1818 - $9495
1828 - $3B7A
1838 - S7IDE
1849 - SF5B9
1850 = SA2E4
1868 - SA1C6
1878 - SECFB
1888 ~ SDCID
1898 - SAD61
1998 - $0889
1916 - $9288
1928 - $915B
1938 - $28EC
1940 - SACOG
1958 - $1508
1960 - SE888
1978 ~ $933D
1986 - S9F86
WE GAMES O
Despite less than spectacular computer sales
figures, 1985 has been a very good year for
computer gaming. Overall, quality has
continued to improve, as reflected in graphics
techniques, broader use of sound peripherals,
and freedom from bugs. Several vendors have
gone to sturdier, more attractive packaging, and
game manuals are better written and more
colorful.
Perhaps of greatest interest is a trend towards
greater variety in the kinds of games produced.
Simulations have, at last, ‘‘arrived’’, word and
knowledge-oriented games proliferate, and
wargamers are foxhole-deep in new products.
Educational games, long the ‘‘dogs”’ of gaming
software, now include some very entertaining
releases. Finally, the arcade/adventure
dichotomy is more blurred than ever, with
several “‘long play”’ arcades and more animated
adventures.
This review focuses on new arcade,
‘simulation, and other non-adventure products.
My next review article will take a look at
adventures.
Since my goal is to help you squeeze the most
bang from your gaming dollar, each review
aims to provide the maximum information in
the space available. Compatibility and
peripherals requirements plus the number of
players for which the game is designed (if multi-
player) are shown “‘up front"’ followed by a
brief description. You will probably want to
obtain several of the games mentioned, so the
game's list price, publisher and publisher
address and phone number are listed.
Comments and ratings reflect my evaluation
based upon playing a game and watching others
play. Each game is rated in five areas and
“‘overall"’ on a ten-point scale:
a)
F 1985/
LAS
fay diva? GTO
1®=SUPERIOR, 07 =GOOD, @5=FAIR, and
@3=POOR.
Graphics (GRFX) is the first area rated. It
concerns quality of artwork, clarity, impact,
smoothness, speed, and realism.
Good Support Materials ($.M.) include
clear, thorough directions for play. In some
cases attractiveness, tutorial value, or
effectiveness in creating “‘atmosphere’’ may be
important.
Playability (PLAY) relates to how much
extraneous activity is required to play the game.
Good parsing. rapid “‘save"’ and “‘restore’*
functions, efficient menus, smooth controls, and
readily available ‘‘Help’’ screens are features
which enhance playability.
Difficulty (DIFF) is self-explanatory for
single-player games. For others it relates to how
difficult it is to achieve a decent level of play
High Interest (INTR) games are good at
attracting and holding player attention
Typically, these are the adventures you can’t
wait to continue and the arcades you play, and
replay, for hours at a time,
The Overall (GAME) rating amounts to a
summary of player reaction(s) during tryouts.
For educationally-oriented games, a second
rating (/ED) of educational value is included.
a a
Ballblazer
(Arcade for 1 or 2 players)
Compatible: 64K Apple J[+, //e, Me
Requirements: One disk drive, KB or joystick
input
In the multi-species galactic civilization of
the late 31st century, sports have supplanted
warfare as an outlet for agressive instincts.
Foremost among spectator entertainments is
“*Blazerball’’, a one-on-one version of Old
Earth soccer played in force shielded
hovercrafts called *‘rotofoils'’.
The Ballblazer field is a 55x21 curved grid
with a pair of moving goal beams at each end.
To score you must snatch the 1000 kg.
“‘plasmorb”’ (i.c. the ball) in the rotofoil's
capture field, maneuver around your opponent
(who will try to rip the ball away), and fire it
between your goal beams. Each score shrinks
the goal; so it’s best to try the three point, over-
the-horizon shot early.
Glass smooth movement, responsive
controls, and lively sound effects guarantee all
the lightning fast action you can handle,
Original, alien, and (for many) intimidating,
‘‘Ballblazer"’ is competition for the arcade elite.
Hardcore COMPUTIST No. 26 19
Available from EPYX, 1043 Kiel Court,
Sunnyvale, CA 94089. (408) 745-0700. Cost:
$34.95
GRFX S.M. PLAY DIFF INTR GAME
(Strategy & Tactics for 1-4 players)
Compatible: 48K Apple |[+, //e, (lc
Requirements: One disk drive, KB or joystick
input
When constant warfare threatened to erase
all life from Galaxy Alaxis, it was at last
decided to find some less destructive means for
settling disputes. The Beast War, a chess-like
contest of strategy and tactics, proved the ideal
solution.
In “Beast War’’ you always play against the
computer, directing the movement of six
different semi-intelligent beasts on a circular,
43-‘square’’ field. In each round of a match,
your objective is to maximize your score by
destroying opposing beasts and capturing
squares, When employed to adjudicate disputes,
the player with the highest match score wins
and is eligible to have his or her name and score
saved to disk.
Each beast is characterized by movement
pattern, energy level, strength, and unique
combat advantage over one other beast. (Thus
the fearsome Dracon can burn the winged
Aeroctus to ash but fears the bite of the Saurus.)
Any moye consumes energy, especially when
the target is a square previously occupied by
the enemy (as indicated by the presence of an
enemy marker). The same is true of combat
initiated by moving to an occupied square. If
a beast’s energy level goes to zero it is
¢liminated; so contro! of the center, recharge
square is crucial to victory.
Combats are resolved in a brief arcade
sequence where each beast may advance, strike,
or retreat, Here energy reserves, strength,
number of adjacent friendly beasts, and special
attributes determine the outcome.
Like chess, this game is easy to play but
difficult to play well. As challenging as it is
alien, ‘Beast War"" offers yet another enjoyable
alternative to traditional strategy-oriented
boardgames.
Available from: Avalon Hill, 4517 Harford
Road, Baltimore, MD 21214. (301) 254-5300.
Cost: $25.00
GRFX S.M. PLAY DIFF INTR GANE
a7 96 07 08 97 97
Captain Goodnight
(Arcade)
Compatible: 64K Apple ][+, //e, ic
Requirements: One disk drive, joystick input
From the insidious Dr. Maybe’s remote Fear
Island headquarter comes an ultimatum:
“Deliver $200 billion in gold to my agents in
KIGALI
Honday, 9 a.n.
Harketplace
Hotel
Library
24 hours or face worldwide destruction."’ Your
mission, as the redoubtable Captain Goodnight,
is to outfight Dr. Maybe’s mechanized minions
and destroy the Doomsday Device.
A long playing combo of several earlier
arcade hits, “Captain Goodnight and the Islands
of Fear’’ features cleverly merged, expertly
executed air, land, and sea action scenarios
Lives are unlimited; but each defeat sets you
back to the beginning of the current scenario,
costing precious minutes. Your ‘*score”’ is the
time remaining when you finally pull the plug
(Don’t expect any medals for almost saving the
world.) Unfortunately, the game is so difficult
to win that, although high scores are saved, such
competition is practically eliminated. This and
the occasional forced defeat (to show off one
of several rescue sequences) are definite
minuses.
Complete with map and official decoder
wheel, **Captain Goodnight" is fun to play,
somewhat addictive, and often frustrating. If
you can avoid ripping the diskette to pieces, this
‘one is good for many stimulating replays.
Available from: Broderbund, 17 Paul Drive,
San Rafael, CA 94903. (415) 479-1170. Cost:
$34.95
GRFX S.M
PLAY DIFF INTR GAME
Where In The World Is Carmen
Sandiego?
(Knowledge Game)
Kigali, the largest
city in the east
central African
country of
Ruanda, has a
population of
150,000,
See connections
Depart by plane
Investigate
Visit Interpol
20 Hardcore COMPUTIST No. 26
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TIGHT 1985 Bw
Tk ty rl Val tt FA
-JIM S¥NOSEI
&L-SID MEIER
Compatible: 64K Apple ][+, //e, //c
Requirements: One disk drive, KB or joystick
input
Somewhere in the world another priceless
knick-knack has been snatched and everything
points to one of Carmen Sandiego’s gang of no-
goods. Armed with dossiers, a complete
“World Almanac"’ (supplied with the game),
and access to Interpol’s Crime Computer, your
assignment is to identify, track down, and arrest
the culprit before the 5 p.m. Sunday deadline.
Representing the new crop of super slick,
“different’’ entertainment software, ‘Where in
the World is Carmen Sandiego?” challenges
knowledge of geographical trivia and deductive
skills. Though your elusive quarry hops jets the
way most people use taxis, he can’t av
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