washingtonapplepijournal1988v10no11nov88

Washington Apple Pi Volume 10 November 1988 Number 11 Highlights « Computer Progs. & Cognitive Learning Styles « Using the Computer as an Instructional Tool « Automatic Ram Disk Rebuild for IIGS MacNovice: 1988 Gift Givers Guide Illustrator 88 version 1.6 True Form: Answer to Form Inundation In This Issue Officers & Staff, Editorial President’s Corner Tenth Anniversary Banquet .. Classifieds, Comm. Classifieds, General Information .. Event Queue, Garage Sale, Volunteers Needed, Job Apple II Meeting Programs WAP Calendar, SIG News, WAP Hotline. ar Q&A... "Robert C. Platt 10 Cmptr Progs, & Cognitive Learning Styles . .Linda Van Zee 12 The Computer as an Instructional Tool .. . Ray Settle 14 Command.Com: A Review ........+. Jim Pendarvis 15 Program Interface SIG (PI-SIG) News .. Change in Tutorial Fees, Letter to the Editor.. IIGS Stuff: Finder and Desktop Hints September IIGS SIG Meeting Report New IlIc-Plus and DTP Programs . Telecom SIG News Importing Print Shop Gr. into Gary Hayman 23 The Data Processor ...... George Koelsch 24 Group Character Recording & MFM .. Roettcher & Golden 25 Automatic Ram Disk Rebuild for IIGS ....... Linda Van Zee 26 Reflections on My First AppleFest..... ‘ Best of the Apple Items from the TCS .. WAP Acrostic .. Apple’s Taylor Pohiman o on n GS: Basic . . Lomartie & Ottalini 35 On the Trail of the ene Ml. Dave Ottalini 36 GameSIG News... Steven Payne 38 Joe Wagovich 20 . Dave Harvey 22 Moebius (Mac): A Review David Granite 38 The Hobbit, Fellowship of the Ring, etc. ... Stephen Granite 39 Space Quest 2: Roger Wilco, Over and Out.... David Wood 40 King’s Quest III: A Review Tan Soboroff 40 Reach for the Stars GS: A Ri David Wood 41 Tomahawk GS: A Review... David Wood 41 Annapolis Apple Slice News... .. Katherine M. Cave 42 Computers in the Work Place... Joseph A. Hasson 43 “Genesis”: A Reprint. Bruce Wolfe 47 T*R*A*S*H Revisited ... . Fred Seelig 47 The Alan Kay Video: A Review . Phil Shapiro 50 Calling All Transportation Mac Users September Mac Meeting Report...... MacNovice: 1988 Gift Givers Guide .. «we Karen Rall 51 Ralph J. Begleiter 52 ... Marty Milrod & David Morganstein 54 Adventures in 4th Dimension . David Morganstein 58 Illustrator 88 v1.6: A Review .. Macintosh Bits and Bytes ... True Form: Answer to Form Inundation .. A Long Word Wiser FullWrite Professional: A Review On HyperCard: Part 3 HyperCard SIG News Best of the Mac Items from the TCS Mac Disketeria News ... David Weikert 88 HyperCard Dev. Guide: Book Review Robert C. Platt 94 Disketeria Order Form, Tutorial Registration ........0006 95,96 . William Allen Jr 509 The Disk Pack® TOTAL SECURITY FOR ‘‘PRIVATE,”’ “SENSITIVE,” “PROPRIETARY,” “EYES ONLY” DATA FILES. PORTABLE: Each Pack is a light 2 lb. module slightly larger than a Paperback book. MODULAR: To each user or application their own fully dedicated standard-sized Pack from 20 MBytes to a whopping 120 MBytes (and more soon!) REMOVABLE: Slide a Pack out and take it home, mail it out or lock it up. It’s easy! RELIABLE: Patented fan system keeps the drives cool. Shock mounted drive mechanism, rugged casing, carefully engineered shock absorbers and a built-in controller in each Pack make it a standard in reliability. SAFE: Airtight design encloses the read/write heads, controller and media in one case, making it four to five times safer than other removable cartridges. FAST: Access times as low as 13ms makes the Disk Pack the fastest drive on the market in its category bar none. And it offers lightning fast backups. COMPATIBLE: Dual-ported SCSI connection enables you to daisy chain several Packs on your Macintosh®, IBM™ or PS/2™. No matter what computer you use now, or plan to use in the future, the Disk Pack remains at the heart of your system. IBM and PS/2 are registered trademarks of the International Business Machine Corporation. Macintosh is a registered trademark of Apple Computer Inc. Authorized dealer, for additional information contact: = Sera PENI ES Products Incorporated Fax (703) #50 5223 (703) 450 5223 1905 K Street, NW, Was! in, DC (202)223-0900 8032 Leesburg Pike, Vienna, VA (703)442-3800 4 277 S. Washington St, Alexandria, VA (703)838-9700 @ 12204 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD (301)881-2810 Authorized Dealer 9636 Ft. Meade Rd, Laurel, MD (301)953-1110 6443 Old Alex. Ferry Rd, Clinton, MD (301)856-2500 Educational Sales (301)868-0002 Government and Corporate Sales (301)599-9555 Apple Names Clinton Computer One of 26 Mac Trainers Nationwide Paula Majerowlcz, Director of Training “If the Macintosh is so easy to use, then vty do I need training?” Macintosh soft- ware is evolving almost as fast as the marketplace can handle it. With so many different soft- ware applications on the market, end users have a diffi- cult time finding a good training pro- gram that supports a wide variety of top- ics. This is why Apple Computer decided to get in- volved in the training business. The Apple Training Alliance (ATA) is a national program whereby third party training companies and Apple dealers are selected to provide Apple- developed Desktop Publishing and Productivity curricula to end users. The ATA entered the pilot phase with four training providers in 1987. In the early part of 1988, Apple invited addi- tional dealers and third party compa- nies to apply for membership. This “invitation to apply” was extended to organizations already demonstrating a proficiency in training, Clinton Computer's Training De- partment was pleased to receive an in- vitation to apply for membership in the ATA program, and, in June of 1988, we became one of only twenty-six ATA providers across the country. With the September opening of our newest classroom in Clinton, we now operate four Learn- ing Centers in the Washington metro- politan area, all of which are ATA au- thorized. These fa- cilities include Lau- rel, Rockville, and Clinton, MD, and Al- exandria, VA. In addition to the desktop publishing curriculum, Clin- ton’s Training De- pertinent is authorized to provide the ATA Productivity curriculum which includes Introduction to the Macin- tosh, Microsoft Word, Microsoft Excel, and 4th Dimension. While Apple will continue to evalu- ate which software applications will be included in the ATA offerings, they rely on ATA providers, such as Clinton, to supplement the program with other popular applications training. This combination provides Macintosh us- ers in the Washington metropolitan area with a valuable and reliable source for increased computer pro- ductivity through training. A dedication to customer support through value-added services such as training is not new to Clinton Com- puter. Our goal is to stand by the products we sell through service, sup- port, and training. Joining the Apple Training Alliance is just one way in which we work to realize that goal. cE GIGANTIC After-Inventory Clearance SeAeLeE Over $250,000 of Equipment! | Computers « Printers Modems « Paper Test Equipment « Tools Disks « Ribbons Carrying Cases « Furniture Sat-Sun, Nov. 5-6 9 AM - 6 PM Both Days 6457 Old Alex. Ferry Road Clinton, MD (adjacent to store) For more information, contact Dana Stibolt at 599-9555 CLINTON COMPUTER'S DISCOUNT POLICY FOR WASHINGTON APPLE PI MEMBERS CLINTON COMPUTER offers Washington Apple Pi members a 25% DISCOUNT OFF THE LIST PRICE on all Apple-brand peripherals and AppleCare. For upgrades, the 25% discount applies to both the parts and normal labor rate, Discount ts available to persons who have been Pimembers for at least 3 months. Discount cannot be applied retroactively. Pi members need to present their cards up-front. Discount cannot be used in combination with other promotions. Products on allocation from Apple are excluded from this offer. Clinton Computer reserves the right tochange this policy at any time. Apple, the Apple logo, Macintosh, AppleShare and LaserWriter are registered trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. Apple products are available only from authorized Apple dealers. They are not available by telephone or mail order. Washington Apple Pi - November 1988 1 *TEMPEST Macintosh™ II Personal Computer ¢ Full 32-Bit 68020 Microprocessor 800K Built-in Disk Drive (Second Drive 15.7 Megahertz Can Be Added) ° 68881 Floating Point Coprocessor External Hard Disk Drive, 20MB, 40MB, ¢ 1MB RAM, Expandable to 8MB 80MB (Option) 12” TEMPEST Apple® High-Resolution Monochrome Monitor 13” TEMPEST Color Monitor 800 x 560 e 6 NuBus Expansion Slots e 2 RS232/RS422 Ports ° SCSI Interface (Option) ° TEMPEST Mouse e 19” TEMPEST High Resolution Color ¢ Detachable Extended Keyboard 105 Keys, Monitor, 1280x1024 (Option) 15 Function Keys ‘auictlead ™ Apple, Macintosh, and the Apple Logo are registered é Value Added trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. PEE NE ES: Products Incorporated 2 Washington Apple Pi - November 1988 OFFICERS & STAFF Board of Directors President - Bob Platt Vice Pres- apple - Ray Hakim Vice Pres- - Eric Rall Treasurer - Edward Myerson Secretary - Feter com Directors ane = Priscil erson - Leon Raes! - Nanc: Seferian - Bob Shaffer - Lynn R. Trusal - Cynthia Yockey Past President - 2 Warrick Editor - Bernie Urban Head Software Libr.- Jim Little Office Managers - Gena & Bernie Urban Journal Staff: Associate Editor - Gena Urban Store Distrbtn. - Andy Wallo Columnists: pple /// = - Dave Ottalini Developer's View - Jim Lanford GameSIG - Steven Payne Mac Bits & Bytes - Lynn R. Trusal MacNovice - Ralph Begleiter Meeting Reporters - Karen Ra - Joe Wagovich Musical Apple - Raymond Hobbs Pascal and Q & A_ - Bob Platt Softviews & Excel - David Morganstein Review Coord. —- James Burper (day) Review Coord. - Raymond Hobbs Review Coord. - David Morganstein Review Coord. Igs- Leon Raesly TCS - Apple - Lou Pastura. - Paul Schlosser TCS - Mac - Bill Baldridge Telecomm. SIG = - Dave Harvey Disketeria: DOS 3.3 Lib. - Jim Little Macintosh Lib. - David Weikert Sted Milrod Pascal Lib. Mike Hartman ProDOS-CP/M Lib- John: T. Bell IIgs Lib. - Sam Knutson - Richard Sanders Apple II Disks - Jim & Nancy Little - John Bell, Bob Johnson, John Ruffatto Telecommunications System (301) 986-8085 EDITORIAL Have a Spooky Halloween 703) 486-1466 '301) 649-1891 301) 596-0004 703) 759-5479 301) 251-6369 301) 493-6875 202) 333-5817 301) 552-9214 301) 845-2651 301) 565-3951 301) 654-8060 301) 229-3458 301) 762-3215 301) 654-8060 03 229-3458 703) 525-9657 301) 681-5792 301) 589-6300 202) 832-6622 301) 845-2651 301) 340-3296 301) 596-0004 703) 569-3665 301) 490-7484 703) 486-1466 301) 972-4263 301) 972-4263 301) 439-1799 703) 560-1477 301) 831-9166 301) 779-8271 703) 578-4621 301) 762-3215 301) 963-0063 301) 464-5981 301) 445-1583 301) 441-9069 301) 498-8411 703) 450-4371 '301) 762-3215 ‘ob Platt, ‘ Use the Hotline for Technical Questions Meo rs Staff - Dave Benbennick, fink ei i fampton DeJamette, John DeMarco, G: ieee ‘ent ae Andy Gallant, John Gertsch C ary Grey, eyer, William Jones, ‘Al Mal loney, Ma Hoc lore, Mike Robinett, FredRodgers, Charles Sicard, Bob Soule, Joe Swick, Bob Vandegrift, Jessica Weissman Group Purchases _- Rich Wasserstrom * (202) 544-8327 venings 7:00-9:30, M-F) Head Reading Lib. - Walt Francis 202) 966-5742 Apple Tea Coord. - Amy Billingsley 301) 622-2203 igements - Leon Moore 301) 946-2642 Dealer Rel. Comm. - John wees 202) 686-1656 Kaye 301) 493-6875 = Bob Pl att 703) 486-1466 - Bernie Urban 301) 229-3458 - Rich Wasserstrom Legal Counsel - Charles Calkins 7 - Dan Dwyer 445-2895 Membership - Dana Schwartz 654-8060 Public Relations — - Cynthia Yockey 565-3951 SIGs&Slices Coord. - Bob Shaffer 32-9214 Telecom Sys. Opr. - Leon Raesly 439-1799 Tutorials - Lynn R. Trusal 845-2651 Volunteer Coord. - David Morganstein 972-4263 SIG Chairmen: Annapolis Slice — - Craig Contardi 674-2344 AppleWorks - Ken DeVito 960-0787. Apple II - Ted Meyer | 893-6845 Apple iP - David Ottalini_ 681-5792 - Tom Bartkiewicz 435-3295 AV-SIG - Nancy Seferian 333-5817 CP/M - Charles Franklin 997-9138 DisabledSIG - Jay Thal -364: dPub SIG - Tom Piwowar 223-6813 EDSIG - Peter Combes 251-6369 Federal SIG - Lyle Eesley 740-8472 . - John Nelson 425-1832 Frederick Slice - Oscar Fisher Jr. 694-9237 GameSIG - Charles Don Hall 864-2715 Chrmn. Emeritus - Ron Wartow 257-4873 HyperCard - Bob Platt 486-1166 LawSIG Mac Prog. Grp. - Bob Shaffer 552-9214 ~ Bruce Jacobs 439-7812 Music SIG ~ Bill Bitlle 236-9898 Pascal (PIG) - Vincent Zenger 593-3985 PI-SIG - Bob Golden 593-6165 StockSIG - Peter Kasper 620-4071 Telecomm. SIG — - Allan Levy 340-7839 Washington Apple Pi, Ltd. 8227 Woodmont Avenue, Suite 201 Bethesda, MD 20814 © 1988, Washington Apple Pi, Ltd. Office (301) 654-8060 and Feasty Thanksgiving Washington Apple Pi - November 1988 3 PRESIDENT’S CORNER by Robert C. Platt AP’s Tenth An- niversary Cele- bration is only a way. Mark Dec. 16 and 17 in your calendar for the one WAP meeting you can’t afford to miss. Our keynote speaker will be Larry Tessler, Apple’s Vice President for Advanced Technology. Larry heads Apple’sR&D efforts and is a very entertaining speaker. Andy Herzfeld, who was instrumental in the design of the Mac and various Radius products, will also speak and will be at the banquet. The theme of the celebration is a look at how far we have come and at direc- tions for the future. We will hold a banquet on Friday evening, December 16. At- tendance at the banquet will be by advanced reservation only, so please make your plans now before the seats are gone. (See the adjoining box for details on reserving a spot.) The banquet will feature a cash bar from 7:00 to 8:00 PM, dinner, an awards ceremony and Steve Wozniak (The Woz) as our speaker. Saturday will feature a special meeting. In addition to picking up your copy of the special Tenth Anniversary Issue of the Journal, the lobby will feature a gigantic time line of WAP’s history. Members are invited to autograph the time line at the month where they first joined. An array of industry leaders will give short talks, and Walt Mossberg is organizing a panel of computer journalists. (Per- haps some gossip columnists from the newsweeklies will show up with paper bags on their heads.) We invited pioneers from the development of the Apple II, Apple /// and Mac. Various SIGs are also planning reunions around this event. For example, the founder of the Pascal Interest Group, Tom Woteki has promised to come. If you ever wanted to see your old WAP friends, this is the event. Plan now to attend. Many thanks to Ellen Leanse and Terry Mockof Apple’s User Group Connection for assisting in this event. Garage Sale. WAP’s semi-annual garage sale will be held on Saturday, Dec. 3 at Charles Woodward High School in North Bethesda. This date allows our members to do their pre-Christ- mas and pre-Hanukkah shopping, as well as allows us to hold the 10th Anniversary on our regular Dec. (3rd Sat.) meeting date. Membership. The Membership Committee chaired by Ray Hobbs has been working hard at recruiting new members and improving membership services. For example, the Committee designed a new membership brochure and reached out to local schools with informational mailings. The Committee has set a goal of 7,000 members, and Ray will describe the details of WAP’s new membership contest in a future article. The Com- mittee is mailing a questionare to a scientific sample of our members to gain your input. WAP’s next computer show is the Federal Computer Con- ference on October 26-28. Stop by WAP’s booth when you are there. (If you can volunteer to work our booth, please call Nancy Seferian, 202-333-5817.) WAP is aready planning to be active 4 Washington Apple Pi - November 1988 at FOSE and next April’s Washington DC MacWorld Expo. Personnel. Congratulations to long-time staff member Kevin Nealon on his marriage. We are very sorry to announce that HyperCard Expert Bill Baldridge is leaving our staff to join adealer in Virginia. (A search committee has been appointed to find a successor. Anyone interested in applying for his position should contact the office.) Many thanks to Paul Koskos for filling in at the office. Credit Cards. Last month I reported that WAP can now accept MasterCard and Visa. The WAP Board has voted to accept these cards for all transactions, including group purchase. No special surcharge applies for using your credit card. Thanks. WAP wishes to thank John Sanders at Snyder Printing for donating the printing of some membership flyers. Volunteers. The most important item I can convey in this column is that WAP’s volunteers are the driving force which keeps WAP moving forward. The volunteers have built this club over the past decade, and I am looking forward to our Tenth Anniversary in large part because it is an excellent time to pay thanks to these many talented people. I hope that you will join me inacknowledging their efforts. And the best way of doing so is by becoming a volunteer yourself. @ TENTH ANNIVERSARY BANQUET You're invited to attend a special banquet to celebrate WAP’s tenth anniversary. Steve Wozniak will be our after-dinner speaker. Don’t miss this opportunity to talk with him and the many speakers from our December program. The banquet will be at the Marriott—Crystal City Gateway, onFriday December 16. Thehotel is located at 1700 Jeff. Davis Hwy. and is connected by tunnel to the Crystal City Metro Station. Cocktails (cash bar) will be served from 7:00-8:00 PM. After dinner, we will have an awards presentation and speaker. We must limit this special event to the first 500 members and guests who send in their reservation. To reserve your place, send acheck payable to WAP for $25.00 per person to the WAP office. Please write “Banquet” on yourenvelope. Reservations must be received by November 28. We look forward to seeing you there! G JOBLINK The Complete Federal Job Package SF 171 (OPM 1170/17, SF 15, SP 171, SP 171-A, SP 172, SSW 32, SSW 555, SSW 585, SSW800) At last ... The best Macintosh package of Federal employment for any price! 27 pages of forms in MacDraw® format; Not copy-protected. 20 page reference manual describes what to do and how to do it better. No fancy gimmicks, it's all here in one neat package. MULTISOFT RESOURCES P.O. Box 235 ‘Washington Grove, MD 20880 (301)-977-6972 ‘Send check or money order for $49.95 + $3.00 s/h (MD residents add 5% sales tax). | Requires Macintosh computer and MacDraw. CLASSIFIEDS WANTED: Onstage Productions, a non-profit organization, seeks the donation of a Macintosh Plus or 512Ke. Tax-deduct- ible contribution. Call 301-465-8717 or write The Little Theater on the Corner, 8217 Main St., Ellicott City, MD 21043. WANTED: DataFrame XP60 hard drive for Macintosh. Will also consider XP40. Call Dana at 301-725-6281 evenings. WANTED: Schematic/Instruction Manual for Amdek Color Card DNV-1. Call Charles Roettcher evenings at 301-320-5171. FOR SALE: Original Mac 512K Computer System with keyboard, mouse, numeric pad, external drive, Imagewriter printer, mouse pad, dust covers, programs with documentation, blank disks, disk file box and 2 boxes of printer paper. $1250. Call Bill Van Sant in Annapolis at 301-224-2820, anytime. FOR SALE: Titan Accelerator II card (3.6 MHz) w/manual, software, $65. Hayes Micromodem II, 300 baud, w/manual, card, communications software, $45. Beagle Bros’ Fat Cat and Flex Text, w/manuals, $10 each. Call Phil Shapiro, 202-686- 5465. FOR SALE: Enhanced Apple //e, 128K 80-col. card, Mono- chrome Monitor III w/stand, two 5-1/4 in. drives, ProModem 1200A, Okidata 92 printer w/tractor feeder, parallel Grappler+ Printer Card, cooling fan w/surge protector, joystick. All with manuals. Software (PinPoint Accessory and Spell Check, Print Shop Graphics library, Jeopardy and more). $1000 or best offer. Call Tom Hickey at 202-653-0229 (daytime) or 301-977-9243 (7-10PM weekdays or 10AM-4PM weekends). FOR SALE: Apple //e with pSci 80/64 E card, Amdek Color I Display, Taxan 12" Amber Display, two 1Sci disk drives, Promethesis ProModem 1200A, lots of software, computer manuals— $1000 or best offer. Will consider selling piecemeal. Call Joel after 6 PM at 703-860-4485. FOR SALE: Hardware and software, most with original boxes and manuals: Multiram CX 256K expansion for //c (holds 512K), $80; Ramworks 256K Slot 0 80-col. card for //e (holds 512K), $80; Apple Expansion card, Slot 1-7, ][+/e (holds 1 mg) $80 with 256K; Titan Accelerator, ][+/e,$75; Applied Engineer- ing Transwarp, ][+/e, $80; Micromodem //e with manuals and cable, 300 baud, $40; Apple Parallel printer card, $20; Grappler+ buffered (64K) parallel printer card and cable, $40; Instant Pascal (copy protected), $60; Deluxe Paint II + 4 art disks (copy protected), IIGS only, $80. Call Gene at 363-2342, 9-5 week- days. FOR SALE: PageMaker 2.0a with original documentation, $150; Word Perfect 1.0 with original documentation, $125; new Ashton-Tate Full Write Professional 1.0 (shrink wrapped), $175. PowerPoint 2.0, $175; Excel 1.5 upgrade package, includes some new documentation but not original manuals, $50; Cauzin Strip Reader, $60. Call Lynn Trusal in Frederick at 301-845- 2651 evenings before 10:30 PM. FOR SALE: Apple ][+, CP/M card, modem card, Grappler+ card, Kraft joystick, $360. Also, Apple II floppy disk drive, $70; and C-Itoh 15” parallel printer, $175. Call John at 703-569- 2294. FOR SALE: Mirror II communications software—IBM compatible. Brand new in original plastic bag, includes disk and book describing operation. Original price $58, asking $30 or best offer, Call Harold Baer at 301-869-5339. FOR SALE: Mac software, all with documentation. Excel 1.5, $110; Word 3.01, $110; Double Helix II, $150; MacDraft 1.2b, $75; MS BASIC 2.1, $10; TML Pascal 2.1,$15. Call John eves. or wknd at 703-266-0219, FOR SALE: Apple //e, 1 Meg RamWorks, 2 floppy drives, hard drive, Prism color printer, clock, mouse, Super Serial Card, lots of software, manuals, books. $2300. Call Paul at 703-378- 0750. FOR SALE: Mac II with 5 MB Ram, 60 MB hard disk, 13" color monitor, extended video (256 colors), extended keyboard. $6600 or best offer. Call Gary at 946-1791. FOR SALE: Expand your Mac 512E to 2 MB. Buy my SuperMac Enhance Hardware with SCSI port, $400. Call Curtis Haymore, (h) 703-242-0265 or (w) 703-525-9400. FOR SALE: ThunderScan 4.0 scanner for the Imagewriter and Read-It 1.06 Optical Character Recognition (OCR) soft- ware. Excellent condition with all documentation and packing materials, $195. Call Dan Goodman at 301-933-0416. @ COMMERCIAL CLASSIFIEDS FOR SALE: 1 standard Mac+ keyboard 4 mo. old, 1 Apple extended keyboard never used. Call Lee at 703-590-9324. FOR SALE: Like-new Apple LaserWriter NTX, $4500 or best offer. 703-998-7273. Everex SCSI Hard Drives for sale! HD-20D, $469. 40M and 92M also available. 2400 baud modem, $219. Call Rusty at Sum Data Corp. (301) 565-8007. (coy GENERAL INFORMATION Apple user groups may reprint without prior permission any portion of the contents herein, provided proper author, title and publication credits are given. Membership dues for Washington Apple Pi are $32.00 for the first year and $25.00 per year thereafter, beginning in the month joined. If you would like to join, please call the club office or write to the office address. A membership application will be mailed to you. Subscriptions tothe Washington Apple Pi Journal are not available. The Journal is distributed as a benefit of membership. Mailing Notice: Change of address must be postmarked at least 30 days prior to effective date of move. Journal issues missed due to non-receipt of change of address may be acquired via mail for $2.50 per issue. Current office hours are: Monday - Friday - 10 AM to 2:30 PM Tuesday * - 7PM to 9:00 PM Saturday * - 10 AM to 2:30 PM Please note that the office is closed on all U.S. Government holidays. Members are asked to place phone calls to the office during the day hours Monday - Friday whenever possible, since only one person staffs the office during Tuesday evening hours and on Saturday. * Please note that beginning October 1, Saturday hours are the same as M-F day hours. The office is not cuurently open on Thursday evenings. Washington Apple Pi -November 1988 5 EVENT QUEUE Washington Apple Pi meets on the 4th Saturday of each month (except December) at 9:00 AM. Our meetings are held at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS) at 4301 Jones Bridge Road, on the campus of the Bethesda Naval Command. A sign interpreter and reserved seating can be provided for the hearing impaired, but we need 5 business days notice. Call the office. Following are dates and topics for upcoming months: November 26-Telecommunications, Apple II & Mac* December 3 - Garage Sale, Woodward High School December 17 - 10th Anniversary Special, USUHS The Executive Board of Washington Apple Pi meets on the second Wednesday of each month at 7:30 PM at the office. Sometimes an alternate date is selected. If you are not a regular attendee, please call the office to confirm date of meeting. © APPLE Il MEETING. PROGRAMS by Ray Hakim DECEMBER GARAGE SALE The December 3 garage sale will be in the cafeteria of the Charles Woodward High School, 12111 Old Georgetown Road in North Bethesda (or South Rockville). From the Beltway, take the Old Georgetown Road exit and go north past Democracy Blvd. and Tuckerman Lane. The school (which is currently closed to regular school use) is on your right. The admission fee is $1 for members and $2 for non- members. Those who have items to sell may rent a table for $5 (if you have only one item, we will have a general table which you can use free of charge). Commercial dealers may renta table for $50. Sellers may arrive at 8:30 AM (please, no earlier!), and the sale will begin at 9:00. This event isa supplement to our regular December meeting, which will be held on December 17. See the President’s Corner for details of that meeting. 6 Having participated last month in the program on Desktop publishing, I am struck by the central role the Apple plays in Communication. Since I took over the VP position, general meetings of the Apple Pi have highlighted the role of our Apples in writing and desktop publishing. In celebration of computer learning month the general meeting this month is a combined Mac and Apple II show on the role of computers in education. Next month the Telecom Sig will have a communications ex- travaganza! (I hear there will be giveaways.) Some roles of computers in communications just slip by however. Recently, ata GameSIG meeting I was asked toreview a program from EPYX called the Home Video Producer. I had not thought of it before but you can record any imagesona VCR that you can put on your screen with acomputer. Why you would do so is a different question... The Home Video Producer turns out to be a program for making Title and Ending sequences to dress up your home movies. It allows you to make a short sequence of images that youcan record onto the videotape to give such effects as colorful moving titles, screen wipes that clear a title or ending screen up, down, left to right, right to left, or diagonally. If you want canned cleverness, there are pre- programmed screens for birthdays, parties etc. This program is aneatlittle item. Asto why you may want it—well I, for one, hate to write letters, My parents just got their own VCR so just maybe I will tape my thoughts. ...Hi, mom... G JOB MART VOLUNTEERS NEEDED WAP needs volunteers to serve in the following roles: NewSIG. NewSIG volunteers help orient new users to their machines and to the WAP. Both Mac and Apple users are needed. Please call Bernie Benson if you can help. 301-951- 5294 Apple II Disk Copiers. Volunteers are needed to duplicate Apple II disks for sale in the disk library. Please call Jim Little. 703-762-3215. Apple Tea Hosts. Apple Teas are informal gatherings at a host’s home . If you are interested in hosting a tea, call Amy Billingsley, 301-622-2203. 6 * Note: We hope to have some significant door prizes at the November main meeting sponsored by the Telecommunications Special Interest Group. 6 Washington Apple Pi - November 1988 Help Wanted Washington Apple Pi has a parttime position open for a resource person to answer phones and assist members and pro- spective members. Dutiesalso include serving walk-in members and acting as general assistant to office managers. Approxi- mately 23 - 28 hours per week (negotiable), including Saturdays, Some computer experience necessary. Salary commensurate with experience. Informal non-smoking office. Call Gena at 654-8060 M-F, 10-2:30 to arrange an interview. Fulltime Assistant to busy Office Manager needed imme- diately, Salary negotiable. Mac experience preferred but not mandatory—will train. Benefits include vacation, sick leave, health insurance and life insurance. We’re a growing aviation association located at the Silver Spring Metro stop. Call Noel at 588-0587 for an interview. Qualified keyboard instructors experienced in Apple equipment and software, to teach elementary and intermedi- ate students in the After-School Program at various Montgom- ery County Schools. Instructors can earn $15/hr. on a part-time basis. Those interested should contact Helen Chaset at (301) 217-2706. 6 * November 1988 * Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday 1 Apple I+,e,c |2 Mac Progmrs. ]3 GameSIG <-- Thursday | 5 Advanced Beginning 7:30 PM Office;} 7:30 PM Office;] November 3 HyperTalk Tut. Tutorial #1 Pub SIG Columbia Slice | No. VA Mac 9-12 AM 7:30-9PM Office] _7:30 PM PEPCO}_7:00 PM Intro, Tutorial__|_ Office Deadline for 1 8 Apple II+,e,c 19 fio <-- Thursday 12 AppleWorks Journal articles | PI-SIG Beginning Executive Board] Stock SIG November 10 (Basics) Tutr. is Wednesday 7:30 PM Tutorial #2 7:30 PM 8:00 PM No. VA Mac 9-12 AM November 9 Office 7:30-9PM Office] Office _|_ Office Intermed, Tutr. Office 13 14 Introduction |15 Apple I+,e,c 16 Excel SIG |17 <-- Thursday | 19 AppleWorks to Macintosh Beginning 7:30 PM Office; | Pascal SIG November 17 (Macros) Tutr. Tutorial - Office] Tutorial #3 AvSIG 7:30 BCC] 8:00 PM No. VA Mac 9-12 AM 7:15 - 10 PM_| 7:30-9PM Office | (contd.below) _|| Office Productivity Tut.| Office 20 21 Intermediate |22 Mutual Fund }23 24 25 26 WAP Meeting Mac Skills Sub Group Apple /// SIG | Happy 9:00 AM Tutorial - Office] (Stock SIG) 7:30 PM Thanksgiving! USUHS 7:15 - 10 PM 8:00 PM Office | Office Telecomm. 27 28 Productivity |29 Nov. 16 contd: on Your Mac | Telecom SIG | HyperTalk 7:30 Tutorial - Office] 7:30 PM Arl.; FedSIG - 7:15-10PM | Office Call Chairman * December 1988 * Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday_ 1 GameSIG Fi 3 N 7:30 PM Office; | Garage Sale | Columbia Slice 9:00 AM 7:00 PM Woodward HS) 4 S Introduction 6 Apple gs 7 Mac Progmrs. | 9 10 Telecom Happy to Macintosh | Beginning 7:30 PM Office;} Stock SIG Tutr. Office - Hanukkah! Tutorial - Office} Tutorial #1 dPub SIG 8:00 PM Mac - 9-12 AM 7:15 - 10 PM_| 7:30-9PM Office] _7:30 PM PEPCO| Office ee wee me wee oe ABE IL 1-4 PM, 11 12 Intermediate |13 Apple gs [14 15 16 10th Anniv. |17 10th Anniv. Mac Skills Beginning Executive Board] Pascal SIG 4] Banquet 7:00PM WAP Meeting I Tworial - Office} Tutorial #2 7:30 PM 8:00 PM Marriott-Crystal | 9 AM 7:15 - 10 PM_ | 7:30-9PM Office] Office Office Ncity Gatew ay USUHS_ = 18 19 Productivity 20 Apple gs |21 7:30PM: 22 23 24 on Your Mac | Beginning ExcelSIG Office; | Telecom SIG Tutorial - Office} Tutorial #3 AVSIG BCC; 7:30 PM 7:15 -10 PM__| 7:30-9PM Office} HyperTalk Arl. Office 25 Merry 26 Holiday - {27 Mutual Fund {28 Apple /// 29 30 31 Have a good Christmas! Office Closed | 8:00 PM Office | 7:30 PM Office New Year's Eve SIGNEWS Apple IIGS SIG meets on Monday after the regular WAP meeting. See IIGS SIG Meeting Report eslewhere in this issue. Apple /// SIG meets on the 4th Wednesday at 7:30 PM in the WAP office, The next meeting will be November 23. AV-SIG (arts and video) will meet on Nov. 16 at 6:30 PM, Beth. Ch. Ch. High School. Call Nancy Seferian at 333-5817. Columbia Slice meets on the 1st Thursday, 7PM, at the Miller Branch Library, 9421 Frederick Rd., Ellicott City MD. dPub SIG (Desktop Publishing) meets on the 1st Wednesday at 7:30 PM in the PEPCO Auditorium at 1900 Penn. Ave., NW. The next meeting is on November 2. Excel SIG meets on the 3rd Wednesday of the month at 7:00 PM at the office. The next meeting is November 16. Fed(eral) SIG - will meet on Nov. 16 to discuss Program Develop- ment. Call John Nelson at 425-1832. GameSIG meets on the 1st Thursday of the month atthe office, 7:30 PM. The next meeting will be on November 3. HyperCard SIG meets after the WAP monthly meeting. Hyper- Talk Subgroup meets on the 3rd Wednesday at 7:30 at the Fairlington Comm. Center, Arlington—next meeting Nov. 16. Mac Programmers meeton the 1st Wednesday of the month at the office, 7:30 PM. The next meeting is Nov. 2. MusicSIG meets on the 2nd Saturday of each month. Call Bill Bittle (301) 236-9898 for details. PIG, the Pascal Interest Group, meets on the 3rd Thursday at 8:00 PM at the office. The next meeting is November 17. PI-SIG (Program Interface) meets on the 1st Monday of the month, 7:30 PM at the office. Stock SIG meetings are on the second Thursday of each month at the office, 8 PM. The next meeting is November 10. Telecom SIG will meet on Tuesday, Nov. 29 at 7:30 PM at the Office (regular meeting date falls on Thanksgiving). 6 Washington Apple Pi -November 1988 7 WAP H OTLI N E For Use by WAP Members Only Have aproblem? The following club members have agreed to help other members. PLEASE, keep in mind that the people listed are VOLUNTEERS. Respect all telephone restrictions, where listed, and no calls after 10:00 PM except where indicated, Users of the Hotline are reminded that calls regarding commercial software packages should be limited to those you have purchased, Please do not call about copied software for which you have no documentation. Telephone numbers are home phones unless otherwise specified. When requests are made to return calls, long distance will be collect. General Dave Harvey 703) 578-4621 (after 2:15 pm) John Wiegley 703) 437-1808 Accounting Packages PI Programs Jaxon Brown 301) 350-3283 BPI & Howardsoft (Tax) Otis Greever 615) 638-1525 Dollars & $ense Barry Fox 717) 652-2899 Home Accountant Leon Raesly 301) 431-0853, APPLE SSC Bemie Benson 301) 951-5294 AppleWorks Ken DeVito (03) 960-0787 Bob Martz (01) 795-5689 Ray Settle. 301) 647-9192 Harry Erwin 703) 391-0295, Michael Osborn 301) 505-1637 AppleWorks DataBase Morgan Jopling 301) 261-3886 Communications Packages ‘erm Allan Levy 703) 340-7839 Talk is Cheap/Pt. to Pt. Barry Fox 717) 652-2899 Data Bases dBase It John Staples 703) 255-6955 dBase I&II, Data Perfect Leon Raesly 301) 431-0853 Profiler 3.0 Barry Fox 717) 652-4328 Dvorak Keyboard Ginny Spevak 202) 362-3887 Hard Disks CMC (not CMS) Barry Fox 717) 652-4328 Corvus & Omninet Tom Vier (BBS) 301) 986-8085 Corvus Leon Raesly 301) 431-0853 Sider Jaxon Brown 301) 350-3283 Otis Greever (615) 638-1525 Hardware - //e Michael Osbom 301) 505-1637 Languages (A=Applesoft, I=Integer, P=Pascal, M=Machine A ae Peles Loui iggie 301 Ser 5977 A Peter Combes 301) 251-6369 A Leon Raesly 301) 431-0853 A,LM (after 2:15 pm) John Wiegle 703) 437-1808 M Ray Hobbs (BBS) (301) 490-7484 P Michael Hartman 301) 445-1583 C and TML Pascal Harry Erwin 703) 391-0295 Operating Syaieins le DOS’ (after 2:15) John Wiegley 703) 437-1808 Cc Art Wilson '301) 774-8043 (after 2:15 pm) John Wiegley 03) 437-1808 ProDOS 8 and 16 Barry Fox 17) 652-2899 RWTS, Disk structure John Wiegle: 03) 437-1808 Print Shop Thomas toi Hagan 301) 593-9683 Newsroom Spreadstiees ‘Walt Francis (202) 966-5742 lagicCalc&SuperCalc2.0Leon Raesl: 01) 431-0853 Terry Prudden : Telecommunications Allan Levy - TimeOut Serles Morgan Jopling 301) 261-3886 Utilities: ProSel Barry Fox | 717) 652-2899 Word Processors Walt Francis 202) 966-5742 pple Writer anne Lorenz ~ Apple Writer II Dii Lo: 301) 530-7881 Leon Raesly 301) 431-0853 Letter & Simply Perfect Leon Raesly (301) 431-0853 Mouse Write Barry Fox 717) 652-2899 ScreenWriter I Peter Combes (01) 251-6369 Gene Carter (202) 363-2342 Word Handler Jon Vaupel 301) 593-3316 Word Perfect James Edwards 01) 585-3002 Henry Donahoe (202) 298-9107 Word Star Art Wilson (301) 774-8043 Michael Osborn (301) 505-1637 General Barry Fox 17) 652-2899 General/Paintworks Plus Paul Tarantino 703) 455-7670 APW Andy Gavin 703) 734-3049 Jim Frison 703) 525-9395 Deluxe Paint If Rich Sanders 703) 450-4371 GS-BASIC Barry Fox 17) 652-2899 Muitiscribe GS Ray Settle ’301) 647-9192 Newsroom/Pinpoint Chuck Ward (til 9 pm) (703) 830-3720 Telecommunications Dale Smith }01) 762-5158 Allan Levy 301) 340-7839 TimeOut Series Chuck Ward (til 9 pm) (703) 830-3720 & Utilities: ProSel Barry Fox (717) 652-2899 VIP-Pro/Multiscribe Jim Frison, 103) 525-9395 816 Paint/Writr's Ch. El. Andy Gavin 703) 734-3049 8 Washington Apple Pi - November 1988 General Jeff Sipher * (301) 630-2036 Bob Wilbur 103) 379-2960 Donald Schmitt 17) 334-3265 Art and Video Jay Williams (202) 728-5932 Borland Products Doug Ferris (day) (800) 826-4768 Data Bases 5 4th Dimension Bob Pulgino (202) 474-0634 FileMaker Plus Tom Parrish 301) 654-8784 Helix Jim Bi * (703) 662-0640 Harvey Levine 301) 299-9380 MS-File John Love 703) 569-2294 . John Spencer 301) 730-1084 Omnis 3 and 3+ Paul Tabler (03) 278-8657 Jeff Alpher id 101) 630-2036 OverVue J.T.(Tom) DeMay Jr. (301) 461-1798 Tom Parrish 01) 654-8784 Desktop Publishing Jay Rohr 01) 655-0875 PageMaker Kate Burton 101) 621-6351 Eleanor Sontag 01) 251-0695 ReadySetGo Jim Graham (03) 370-5737 Marty Milrod 101) 464-5981 Graphics - General Bill Baldridge (01) 779-8271 Jay Rohr 01) 655-0875 Adobe Illustrator ane Won 03) 378-5102 Canvas Bill Baldridge 01) 779-8271 Tom Parrish 301) 654-8784. HyperCard John Love 03) 569-2294. Holger Sommer 301) 474-3467 Rick Chapman 101) 989-9708 Inside Mac Jon Hardis 301) 330-1422, John Love 103) 569-2294 Languages . Pascal Michael Hartman 01) 445-1583 Machine Ray Hobbs (BBS) 101) 490-7484 MacDraft Bob Wilbur 103) 379-2960. MacDraw Tom Berilla 101) 434-3256 Tom Parrish 101) 654-8784. John Spencer 101) 730-108 MacMoney Chuck Sicard 101) 963-2879 MacProject lay Lucas 03) 751-3332 Programming, MS-BASICJohn Love. 103) 569-2294 Object Frogmg. & UNIX Mark Mullin 7-10 PM (703) 893-6679 Spreadsheet David Morganstein 301) 972-4263 Graphics Bob Pulgino 202) 797-0879 Excel David Morganstein 301) 972-4263 Mark Pankin 703) 524-0937 Jim Graham 03) 370-5737 Dick & Nancy Byrd 03) 978-3440 Multiplan John Boblitz 101) 356-9384 John Love 03) 569-2294. Sidekick Ray Hobbs (BBS) 01) 490-7484 Telecommunications Allan Levy 101) 340-7839 ThinkTank/More Jim Graham 103) 370-5737 Tom Parrish (01) 654-8784 Word Processors Word Marty Milrod 301) 464-5981 Harris Silverstone 301) 435-3582 WriteNow 1 Bill Baldridge 301) 779-8271 Franklin & Laser 128 Bob Martz 301) 795-5689 Games - Apple II Charles Don Hall 301) 864-2715 (2:15 on) John Wiegley 703) 437-1808 Games - Mac Perri Mongan. 301) 572-5459 IBM Ray Hobbs (BBS) 301) 490-7484 Leon Raesly 301) 431-0853 Math/OR Applns. Mark Pankin 703) 524-0937 Modems - General Allan Levy 301) 340-7839 Hayes Smartmodem Bemie Benson 301) 951-5294 Practical Peripherals Allan Levy 301) 340-7839 Music Systems Ray Hobbs (BBS) 301) 490-7484 Printers - General Walt Francis 102) 966-5742 Leon Reesly 301) 431-0853 MX-80 Jeff Dillon 301) 662-2070 Stat. Packages David Morganstein 301) 972-4263 Stock Market Robert Wood. (703) 893-9591. * Calls until midnight are ok. Operant Systems ][-series Hardware *DOT-MATRIX & LASER PRINTERS Panasonic 10801 (144 cps, 9-pin, Epson-compatible) 10911 (192 cps, 9-pin) 10921 (240 cps, pin) . Oktdata Sao/sa 0 Ppt NLA mo 292¢/283e (240 cps, 18-pin, “e i Price) (26s cps, 24-pin, atd/wide carriage) . ‘Toshfba $2181 (216 cps, 24-pin) ttnen 1200/1800 (126/180 pe, Spin, Epson-compatible) « ppm, 12k, Applied Engineerng DataLink 1200/2400 (1200/2400 card w/a). .149/195 Aecine 12008 /24008 20972400 external, Hayes-compatible) .. ...125/169 theus Promodem {1200/2400 card fein 1159195 Promenade 1'2000/24000 (1200/2400 externa) ++199/178 ‘MEMORY EXPANSION & VIDEO BOARDS & CPU'S 1g RamWorks us Coat, for lle) HARD & FLOPPY DISKS Sider be ne for jI+, Ile, lige or Mac) cMs EMS 60-meg (for Mle or Il ‘Video Technology oppy drive (143k inal for ie - AMR floppy drive (143k, for ligs) Floppy controller (for If, Ie) sINTERFACES & BUFFERS & CLOCKS ProGrappler (parallel printer interface w/ graphics) Grapple o/mae/ go tive moat parallel SertAll (sertal ][-series Software WORD & PAGE PROCESSING ‘Word Perfect (for Ile, Ile, Ilgs) ‘Multiscribe 3.0 (I[e, Ile version/|Igs version) pla: Write (w/spelles} MouseWrite .... Bank Street Writer (64k and 1: Springboard Publish aX aBBenRsss Bab HOME & BUSINESS ACCOUNTING ‘Managing Your Money 3.0 Dollars & Sense . DAC Easy Accounting - Peachtree Back-To-Basies Accounting COMMUNICATIONS Ascii Express Professional (DOS & PRODOS versions) MouseTulk .. Bau8 Compuserve Starter Kit (password & $25 usage credit). ‘* MISCELLANEOUS SOFTWARE, Print: hops ‘Shop Companton . Tutor IV Copy Il+ Avery List & Mail. uekekbee BRE Mac Hardware LASER PRINTERS, General Computer Personal LaserPrinter reveal eee ae : NEC LC-890 (8 ppm, Post QMS 810 (Sop Postscript emlation, Smeg « 5 *HARD & FLOPPY DRIVES. Peripheral Land FL SOVL (90 meg, 5:1 interleave SCSI for Pus, SE) ween B48 - 599 Infinity: {10 ted semorabe disk, reads IBM floppy disks) (CMS 20-meg SC: 60-meg Seat. 102-meg SCSI. 30-meg internal (SE only) Radime 100-meg (intemal, Mac I nip) ‘Video Technology 800k floppy . poeane DaynaFile (360k floppy, reads and writes IBM diaica) semeoaccel SuToRS General Compu Nowy 85080 *NISCELLANEOUS HARDWARE Dove MacSnap & SIMM System Saver Mac System Saver SE for 812, Phi »- Mac Software ‘WORD & PAGE PROCESSING B88 ting « Peachtree Back-To-Basics Professional MISCELLANEOUS SOFTWARE. ‘Microsoft Worlss (word proc, calc, database, commun, epeller) ‘Hayes Smartoom I TOPS 2.0 Call for prices of items not listed (> TOORDER -- Call Jeff Dillon at (301) 434-0405 or Write or visit: OPERANT SYSTEMS, 7676 New Hampshire Ave, Suite 312 Langley Park, MD 20783 MD sales add 5% tax. UPS one-day shipping available. Washington Apple Pi - November 1988 9 Q&A by Robert C. Platt Correction. Last month, I included an Applesoft program to read DIF file and then rewrite it without any optional headings. That program works fine until you use character strings with commas or special characters. To generate a DIF file with the same use of quotation marks as are found in the original, the following changes should be made: 255 IF (C$="EOD”) OR (C$="BOT”)OR(C$="V") OR(C$="NA”) THEN PRINT C$: GOTO 270 260 PRINT CHR$(34);C$;CHR$(34) 920 PRINT T$: PRINT A$;”,”; PRINT B$: PRINT CHR$(34);C$;CHR$(34) Note that CHR$(34) writes a double quote mark (‘‘) into the output file. Q. What is a “system?” A. Itisaset of special programs which help your programs work more efficiently and perform input/output. If every program- mer had to create his/her own user interface and disk access routines from scratch, there would be little available software and great difficulties in exchanging data between different programs. Asa result, operating systems were developed to perform input/output, standardize the manner in which files are organized on the disk, and even control how RAM memory is allocated. The Apple II supports a number of different operating systems including DOS 3.3, CP/M, the UCSD Pascal p- System, ProDOS and most recently GS/OS. Each program is written to use one of these. Because your program uses the operating system when it executes, a copy of the appropriate operating system must be read into RAM memory if your previous program used a different system. This can result in 1 or 2 minute delays for big systems such as GS/OS. Although many important system routines are perma- nently stored in the Apple’s Read Only Memory (ROM,) a system can occupy a significant portion of a disk. For this reason, Apple no longer requires a copy of the newer systems such as ProDOS, p-System or GS/OS to be stored on every disk, instead, copies are present on only special “startup” disks. Q. What are the advantages to upgrading to IIgs System Disk 4.0 from version 3.1 or 3.2? A. The new system for the IIgs now features a two disk set. It marks the debut of “GS/OS,” which is the new version of ProDOS 16. The “new” disk operating system is a complete rewrite that is allegedly based upon the Mac’s operating system. Unlike the earlier versions of ProDOS 16, GS/OS operates in 16 bit mode. Q. What is the “Installer?” A. Unfortunately, the new system is now much more compli- cated and can be tailored to meet a variety of needs. If the entire system were to be installed on your startup disks, it would occupy more than 442K out of a total of 800K. To 10 Washington Apple Pi - November 1988 avoid wasting disk space, users typically want to customize their system by removing unnecessary routines. The Installer program which is distributed on the version 4.0 System Disk makes this easy. It will modify your startup disks according to predefined sets of instructions which are called “scripts.” To use it, double click on the Installer Icon on the System.Tools disk. A series of options appear in the scrolling window on the left. You can select a script or activity by clicking on the left window. You can select the disk to be acted upon by using the controls on the right. You probably do not want to select “Install everything.” For example, unless you are tied to other Apple IIs or to a LaserPrinter, you will not need to install AppleTalk. You will probably want to select “Install System Files,” and if you havea UniDisk 3.5 (rather than an Apple 3.5) disk drive you will want to install “UniDisk 3.5” as well. Once the script and disk are selected, the installer auto- matically replaces the old system files with the new versions, even if the old files were locked. Q. What is “shut down” from the IIgs Finder? A. It is the equivalent of quitting the Finder. The new system needs the opportunity to clean up after itself before turning off the power. Therefore, when you are through using GS/ OS, you should select shut down from the Finder. When the system is through, it will display a message telling you to turn off the power. Q. What is the “Apple II System Disk, Ver. 3.1” which is dated April 14, 1988? A. Unlike the other recent System Disks which are intended for the Apple IIgs, this disk is addressed to the //e and //c. It includes version 1.5 of ProDOS 8. Q. Daniel Liskiewicz of Redford MI reports a problem encountered while exploring the hex to decimal conver- sion routine in the IIgs monitor. For example, the num- bers EFFFFFFF and F000000A will convert correctly, but F0000000 and F0000009 will not. A correct negative decimal value is reported but the positive values are wrong. What is wrong? A. The IIgs monitor routine was not coded to convert numbers greater than 2° (2,147,483,648) into positive integers. Al- though both positive and negative values are presented, only the negative ones are reliable. The incorrect positive values result from an overflow during the monitor’s conversion routine, Q. Ihave an Apple II and an Imagewriter I printer. Ihave now purchased an IBM clone and want to share the printer between the twocomputers. I thought thatI could purchase a simple A-B switch, but my clone dealer said that it would not be that simple and that I would have to constantly change the settings on my DIP-switches when- ever I switched between the two machines. Is there any way for the computers to share the ImageWriter II? A. First, let’s review some terminology. The ImageWriter II is aserial printer and must be connected to a serial port on both machines, using a“‘serial cable.” An“A-B” switchisadevice iS which will connect to several serial cables and link one computer at a time to the printer. When the knob is set to A, all the wires in the cable are connected to the Apple and when the knob is set to B, all of the wires are connected to the clone. “DIP switches” are small switches hidden away inside the Imagewriter to prevent accidental changes. They control the protocol used to communicate to the computer, the default character set, and other settings. Although I would never touch a IBM compatible myself, my IBM-literate friends tell me that the Imagewriter II can be successfully driven by most popular serial cards on your clone. These cards come with “serial port driver” programs which configure the serial port. At most, you need to study the documentation for the driver, and if necessary add com- mands to your AUTOEXEC.BAT file to reconfigure your serial port to obey the same conventions as your Apple and Imagewriter. In this manner, no adjustment to the DIP- switches should be necessary. Q. Iam translating an AC Basic program into Pascal. AC Basic allows direct calls to machine language routines. How can I call a machine language routine in Pascal? You must declare your Pascal routineasan EXTERNAL. For example, Procedure MyRoutine; External; You must then link your machine language object module (which is named MyRoutine) to your program before you can execute it. Satellite Scientific Practical Peripherals 2400 Modem $190 Avatex 1200HC Modem $125 New - Avatex 1200e Modem $90 Orange Micro C/Mac/GS $75 Applied Engineering GSRAM 1.5 Meg $call Proterm V2 (Communications Package) $85 Anchor 2400e $170 We have memory for the MAC and GS & SIMMS AUTHORIZED CMS HARD DISK DEALER Microtech Hard Disks with 5 year warrenty-call ) Authorized Applied Engineering Dealer Allan Levy 301-340-7839 Satellite Scientific 15200-A Shady Grove Road, Suite 800 Rockville, MD 20850 Seeking a PC? Choose a Smart Computer by Bud Stolker Have you shopped for an IBM-compatible computer lately? Then you may have noticed how difficult it has become to select a PC these days. Buying decisions used to be a breeze: color or monochrome, hard disk or floppy, AT or XT. Now you must choose from among four different microprocessors. There are two operating systems with several branches and “environments.” Three system busses with a fourth just announced. Four kinds of floppy disk drives. Four graphics standards running on six kinds of monitors. A bewildering array of hard disk options. And dozens of tape backup systems, none of them standard. ‘The multiple paths of personal computing, which for a time appeared to be converging around IBM and Apple, are beginning to branch and twist once more. Wherever you shop, you wind up comparing apples with oranges—and lemons. No wonder confusion reigns. We can help you make an intelligent choice. Our specialty is custom- tailoring computer systems to the particular needs of our clients. Wecan help you sort through the clutter and plot a future course for you and your system. We can help you determine where and how to draw the Jine—and stay within budget. We can help you pull together a top-notch working system that does not compromise value or performance. In the lingo of the personal computing industry, Landmark Labs is a Value-Added Reseller (VAR). We make sure your computer require- ments are appropriate. We then take standard parts and build or modify a system to your specifications, We provide and install appropriate programs, and help you understand them—without charge. We back our systems with free training, ongoing support, extraordinary warran- ties, personal service, and a strong commitment to value and satisfac- tion. We do this at prices as attractive to home computer users as they are to business, government, and institutional buyers. We'll be around after the sale, too, to make sure you stay up and running. We believe in our systems and we believe in our clients. Our success is due to people like you: intelligent, computer-literate, value- conscious. We stay in touch with PC technology in order to serve you. Our goal isto give you the greatest payback from your investment in a PC. Whether you want the hottest new computer or a basic floppy disk-based PC, we take pains to make sure you get your money’s worth. So give us a call when you're ready to buy a personal computer or upgrade your existing system. Ask us for a free consultation. We may have a solution just right for you. (If not, we'll tell you.) Check with us and see if you agree that a custom-tailored persona! computer from Landmark Computer Labs is the best buy you can make. Landmark Computer Laboratories Suite 1506 101 South Whiting Street Alexandria, Virginia 22304 Telephone (703) 370-2242 & SourceMail TCB076 IBM PC, PC XT, PC AT, and Micro Channel are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation Washington Apple Pi - November 1988 11 COMPUTER PROGRAMS AND COGNITIVE LEARNING STYLES: Part 1 by Linda Van Zee Research in learning styles has been going on for the past 40 or more years, but only in the past 10 years has this knowledge been applied to education and training. Little information is available on the application of learning styles to computer programs. This is the first of two articles on relating computer programs and cognitive learning styles. Besides theoretical information, I will be giving you practical considerations on how computer programs can address a diversity of learning styles. The information in these articles will be of use to persons who design, review, or buy computer programs with instructional or training purposes. The recognition that any student population will contain diverse learning styles will help in the assessment of educational and training software according to how well the software provides an equal learning opportunity for all students. What Is Learning Style? Learning style is the manner in which a person perceives and Processes information, together with preferences within the learning environment. People have characteristically different traits associated with the learning process, As research on cognitive and learning styles has progressed through the 1970's and 1980's, the conclusion has been drawn that when leaming Style is taken into consideration in instruction, learning can be improved. Unfortunately, the traditional classroom format, teacher materials, lessons, and tests have tended to reward students possessing one learning style while penalizing those possessing another learning style. As the microcomputer comes into more prominent use as an educational and training tool, various ways a computer can address different learning styles need to be taken into considera- tion. For example, it is known that a person who perceives information globally performs poorly under a time constraint, even if the student knows the material well. Many computer- aided instruction (CAI) programs, especially those containing an arcade game format, havea time constraint. If the time constraint cannot be eliminated, and there is not an alternate program available, there are some students who will have a distinct disadvantage in this learning situation. One learning style is not “better” than another. It may be helpful for students to be encouraged to use alternate styles to introduce them to methods of perceiving and processing infor- mation that may be different from their own preferred style. However, if a group of students are exposed to formats that address only one cognitive style, there will be some learners who have a constant disadvantage in the learning situation. The terms “learning style” and “cognitive style” have some- times been used synonymously. However, “learning style” is a broader term and includes affective and physiological factors such as time of day, lighting, temperature, noise level, mobility, and design of environment as well as factors that may be more cognitive. Because these environmental and social preferences are outside the scope of control by a computer program, these 12 Washington Apple Pi - November 1988 articles will deal exclusively with cognitive learning styles. Cognitive styles are “non-academic” learner differences. The influences on learning of general ability and prior knowl- edge are “academic” learner differences and do not pertain to cognitive learning styles. However, Pat Kirby (our local expert on learning style) holds that there is a definite relationship between ability and preference. A person tends to prefer what he is good at, and be good at what he prefers. Cognitive learning styles, then, are non-academic learner differences in perception and information processing, Applicable Software The types of software referred to in these two articles will be instructional in nature, where the cognitive styles are reflected within the program. The software tools of word processing, data bases, and spreadsheets relate to cognitive styles that are not reflected in the program itself, but are dependent on the manner in which they are used as learning tools. Their relationship to cognitive learning styles is determined more by the circum- stances, environment, objectives, and style of the teacher (if a teacher is present), than by the program itself. The use of application software in regards to cognitive learning styles is an intriguing and useful area of study, but these articles will deal with educational programs where the relationship to cognitive learning styles is determined by the characteristics of the pro- gram itself, rather than by how the program is used. Cognitive Learning Style Models Since the conception of cognitive styles and learning stylesin the early 1960's, the terms have been used to designate a myriad of traits associated with the learning process. Further research and investigations have gleaned several learning style models that have demonstrated the reliability and validity necessary to be useful. The two models that will be applied to computer programs are left-brain/right-brain (Torrance), and experiential learning (Kolb). These two models were chosen because they deal exclusively with cognitive learning styles and have an established validity. Other learning style models that could be applied to computer programs are field-dependence/field-inde- pendence (Witkin), modality (Barbe and Swassing), and parts of the learning style model of Dunn and Dunn. Bernice McCarthy’s 4Mat system combines experiential learning and left-/right- brain modes and is an excellent model for applying cognitive learning style concepts to classroom teaching. Right-brain/Left-brain The idea of hemisphericity is based largely on the work of Bogen. Speech and lineal processing reside in the left half of the brain, while spatial capability and global processing reside in the right half of the brain. Individuals generally rely upon one or the other modes of processing information. The left mode processes information in a more serial, analytical, and rational way, aeteete ing differences and discrete parts. The right mode processing is more global and holistic, seeing connections and similarities. The brain dominance researchers have indicated thatnotonly are both modes equally valid but that also learning is likely to be enhanced if both methods are used. The differences in the right- brain and left-brain modes can be characterized as follows: Right-brain Left-brain visual-spatial verbal holistic logical unifies analytic global processing _ lineal processing inductive deductive creative constructive discovery learning expository learning The accommodation of different cognitive learning styles often means presenting the same material in two or more ways. For example, the visual-spatial/verbal difference in right-/left- brain can be accommodated by presenting information in both graphics and text. Graphics also tend to display information in a more holistic manner, while text tends to give sequential information. The right-brain dominant student will more easily pick up information from the graphics. The left-brain dominant student will more easily pick up information from the text. By accommodating both modes, all students are given the opportu- nity to initially pick up the information through their preferred mode, and have the information reinforced through their non- dominant mode. Supplying both textand graphics is one of the easier and more obvious ways a computer program can balance cognitive learn- ing styles. A right-brain dominant student prefers to create unique situations or objects. A left-brain dominant student just wants to be told the facts. Both these components could be presented in the same program. Aright-brain dominant student prefers to be given the mate- tial as a whole, with subsequent extraction of features. A left- brain dominant student prefers a step-by-step presentation of material. This was touched upon in the graphic/text discussion above, but both a holistic and sequential presentation can be done graphically and within text. Aright-brain dominant student prefers to discover principles and rules, and to try out different ways of solving problems or situations. A left-brain dominant student prefers to be given the principles and rules and guided in their application. This would apply more to learning situations where new material is pre- sented rather than where old material is reinforced. Computer programs tend to use either the discovery method or the expository method. Simulations are more discovery oriented, and tutorials more expository oriented. However, there are some programs that give basic rules and principles which are used in trying out different ways to solve problems or situations, Abalance needs to be achieved here though, so that there is fairly equal time spent in learning rules and principles and in discov- ering solutions. Otherwise, the program will still be predomi- nantly right- or left-brain dominant. Besides accommodating different cognitive learning styles within a computer program, another method is to present the material in different formats in separate programs on the same disk. Right-brain/left-brain modes and computer programs can be summarized as follows: 1. all graphics text/graphics all text equal 2. creative learns facts ive student has and creates student opportunity to unique learns create unique situations predetermined situations or or objects facts objects 3. holistic holistic & logical logical presentation of contains both sequential material random or configurational _ presentation configurational and sequential —_ of material (asawhole with presentationof (step-by-step subsequent material only) extraction of features) 4, discovery integration expository leaming of leaming principles & discovery principles & tules discovered and tules given to or inferred by expository student on student trying out learning how to solve different ways to problems and solve problems guided in their or situations application You can add your own items to the list, but this will give you a good idea of how to view software in terms of right-brain/left- brain modes. In the next article, we will take a look at a model called “experiential learning” which uses the concepts of perception (concrete/abstract) and process (active/reflective) to describe four different cognitive learning styles and apply them to com- puter programs. In the meantime, take a look at how your own left-brain or right-brain dominance influences your preferences in software, including the games you play. 6 HARD DRIVES “IZ” Me Pre-Christmas Sale! Apple Il +,e - gs Siders-Siders-Siders-Siders-Siders 40 MEG D4A Sider $699 45.Ms Access Time 40 MEG D4T Turbo Sider 850 24 Ms Access Time | 90 MEG D9 Super Turbo 1399 18 Ms Access Time | @bove ALL ProDOS Operating System) 20 MEG D2 Sider $525 65 Ms Acce (ProDOS-Pascal-CP/M-DOS 33 Operating Systems) PLS, Inc. (301) 431-0853 Ask for Lee Raesly Washington Apple Pi - November 1988 USING THE COMPUTER AS AN INSTRUCTIONAL TOOL by Ray Settle, Annapolis Slice Teachers and students have a fantastic tool available to them in the personal computer in general and in the Apple II in particular. Why then does a Wall Street Journal article lament that computers are failing as teaching aids? Why are teachers not using computers to teach their classes. The answers are rather obvious to anyone involved in the daily classroom routine— there is not enough time to incorporate the computer into lesson plans on a regular basis, there are not enough ‘good’ programs (despite the thousands of promising titles), teachers are not sufficiently trained to use them in their lessons, and there are not enough computers in the right places at the right times. These problems preventing the computer from becoming a truly useful and widely used instructional tool need answers and I will suggest a few. The first problem of time is the perennial lament of school teachers, and the only solution there is creative scheduling and reduced non-teaching duties. The major time restraints to using the computer are more transitional; the time needed to prepare a good computer lesson will decrease as the expertise increases. to the point where it will eventually be faster to do a computer based lesson than most other types. There are thousands of promising software titles available, but only about 5 percent are truly useful. Finding these few will take some time, but once found they will form a useful nucleus. Teacher training and computer availability can be answered only if there is sufficient desire to use the computer as an instructional tool in much the same way as a VCR, filmstrip, tecord, or overhead are used. Teacher training is almost non- existent and so is left to the resources of the teacher to teach himself in the best Apple II tradition. The availability of a computer is simplified once it is understood that one computer can teach more than one or two students at the same time and that acomputer lab is not a prerequisite for using the computer as an instructional tool. In addition to using the computer to teach computing, the computer can be effectively used to teach English, math, science, social studies, foreign language, and just about any other aca- demic or vocational subject in the school house. Many teachers use the computer as a super typewriter to prepare instructional materials and/or as a super calculator to maintain and compute complex grading procedures. Such uses are valid, but leave untapped the greatest potential of the computer in education— helping the student learn. Although it would be ideal in some ways, it is not necessary to have a computer lab for each subject area for the computer to be an effective instructional tool. It is quite possible for the teacher to use one computer effectively with a class of thirty students. The computer in this instance would serve as a referee or consultant that could respond to the students’ input. The computer would also serve as an attention getter (its similarity to a television screen may be helpful here). In this capacity the computer can go beyond the familiar and all too often used ‘drill and practice’ device to challenge students to use critical thinking 14 Washington Apple Pi - November 1988 skills, Some such uses of the computer could be: 1, Real time composition revision by the group. 2. Instant responses and consequences to group decisions. 3. Answering reading guide, review, quiz, or objective ques- tions by having students type in answers. 4. Displaying lesson objectives and adding comments or notes later in the lesson. 5. Presenting a lecture outline by scrolling the screen. Of course the one glitch in all this is that the normal Apple IT screen is too small for the whole class to see it so other equipment will be necessary. There are several options available to enlarge the computer screen so the whole classroom can view it. The most expedient would be to connect the computer to a large television monitor such as those used with a VCR. Many of the newer ones (last 10 years) are already setup to accept an Apple’s output with no conversion; some may need an RF converter which can be obtained from a local Radio Shack. But usually about $5 worth of cable and adapters can make a VCR monitor into a computer monitor. The only proviso is that the large monitor can be used only for 40-column display (no Apple- Works) due to the limitations of the TV screen. Another alternative is an overhead projection device such as the Apollo Presenter 9100 and the Telex Magna-Byte 5020, both of which can be used with an Apple II or IBM PC just by connecting to the video output with no need to insert a card into the guts of the computer. Such devices allow 80-column display (AppleWorks) and can be arranged to project a much larger Tepresentation of the screen. With an Apollo or a Magna-Byte the teacher has a dynamic overhead transparency which can be modified, expanded, rearranged, reused and erased easily and neatly. The cost of such device is very high ($800 - $900) but worth the expense because they really make large group use of one computer feasible. Personally, I prefer and use an Apple IIc with an Apollo Presenter in my 11th and 12th grade English classes because I float from one room to another. I have the assembly and disassembly procedure using a IIc carrying case down now to about three or four minutes while my students take aquiz. AnAV cart cuts that time down to about 10 seconds if all the floating is on one floor. The only other requirements are that there be an overhead projector and some good projection surface already in the classroom. Along with the equipment, for straightforward electronic chalkboard uses, the computer needs a relatively easy word processor that has a 40 column display capability. The most useful are FrEdWriter (which is free) and Bank Street Writer plus the old standby Magic Window. I have found FrEdWriter to be the easiest to use. After preparing some lessons with FrEdWriter, I will attach a thirty foot extension on to the video output connection and locate the power supply near the center of the room soI can place the Ic on any student’s desk for his or her input. This etnigue is quite effective for maintaining student interest by involving many members of the class directly in the presentation. My students seem to like this technique. One advantage of the computer projection device is that Ican locate myself in any part of the room and still control the output to the overhead—I am not chained to the overhead. As for instructional software suitable to a large group lesson, justabout anything can be used. Drill and practice programs can be presented by dividing the class into teams and having at ita la “Tt’s Academic”, or answers can be entered via class consensus after some discussion with the whole class sharing the reward of acorrect answer or the remediation of a wrong one. The MECC (Minnesota Educational Computing Corporation) library has many such programs that are ideal drill and practice. Appropri- ate programs would be ones that stress figuring out correct answers rather than challenging reflexes. For example, Number Munchers would not be a good programs for such an activity while many of the Return to Reading literature study guides would be excellent when used with a whole class. The most effective instructional materials can be those that the teacher himself prepares for the class, for only he can tailor the material to the class experiences, learning level, and learning style. Several programs provide a convenient way for a teacher to develop such a class presentation, e.g. Tutor-Tech (see my teview in the September Journal) and MECC’s Study Guide. Both programs enable the teacher to create an interactive lesson with no programming or technical knowledge. Both programs allow representation of missed questions and both provide some grading capability. Of course, HyperCard for the Mac (and hopefully soon for the IIgs) offers a tremendous potential for interactive instructional lessons. No matter which program a teacher uses, the time required for constructing such lessons will limit their availability. A leader in using one computer with an entire class is Tom Snyder, and in his book In Search of the Most Amazing Thing (which, by the way, is an educated child) outlines a philosophy forusing the computer for developing critical thinking skills. His company’s software (The Other Side being a notable example) encourages group discussion and decision making with the computer giving responses and consequences to those decisions. Insuch experiences the computer creates a situation in which the students must come to some decision then the computer interacts with them in real time based on their decision. Such lessons, however, require careful preparation by the teacher and students before the computer becomes involved. For the computer not to fail as a teaching aid, the following changes must occur: Teachers and administrators must move them out of offices and labs and into the English, math, social studies, and science classrooms. Teachers must be trained to use this new instructional aid so their natural creativeness can use it for maximum effectiveness, The computer must become another teaching tool in the minds of teachers and administrators and be accessible to each teacher at least part of the time. The teachers must utilize the computer in the most effective ways to present creative and interactive lessons. School systems must designate at least some of their com- puter assets for classroom use. The new IIc+ offers an ideal machine for classroom use. Itis more portable (discounting the monitor), faster, capable, and cheaper than the traditional Ile and with its 3.5 inch drive, will be more convenient for storing and retrieving lessons. Itis possible tohave AppleWorks and FrEdWriter plus several disks worth of data for each on one 3.5 inch disk. In conclusion, the computer will remain a tool looking for a job until teachers and school system leaders come to realize that computers can help teachers teach but not replace them and that one computer can be effective as an instructional tool in a classroom. 6 ——— COMMAND.COM: A Review by Jim Pendarvis This is an article about COMMAND.COM from HyperDyne Software and Pinpoint Publishing. I hope to provide a few insights into what this program can do, as well as an example of how I use it. What is it? COMMAND.COM is a collection of utilities, programs, or commands designed to emulate the MS-DOS operating system on Apple II’s. While COMMAND.COM looks like MS-DOS it does run under ProDOS. COMMAND.COM allows you to create ‘environments’ that act like ProDOS or even Unix. Many of the commands are internal; the rest are external, to be loaded from disk as needed. The external commands may be renamed to suit your tastes and users may write their own as desired. It is also compatible with Pinpoint’s Desktop Accesso- ties. The flexibility is such that one can ‘mix and match’ to achieve almost any objective. What does it do? You can use its command line interface to perform most disk utilities, including: copying files, formatting disks, comparing files, and so on. “Big deal”, you say. After all, all of us have some form of disk utilities, even if it is only ProDOS Filer. And most of them try to shield us from having to type subdirectory and file names. What sets this program apart is its combination of simplicity and flexibility. Suppose you have AppleWorks stored in a subdirectory of that name. To copy it toa Ramdisk, all you need do is type: Copy Appleworks R:. Whatcould be easier? In addition, wildcards are permitted. And you may use optional ‘switches’. Examples include: -D to prevent overwriting an existing file, -P for a prompt for confirmation, and -Q to turn off the display while copying. Many commands may be redirected. For example, a disk catalog may be sent to a text file. More importantly, at least for me, is the batch file capability. You can use their text editor, TED, AppleWorks, or most other word processors to create text files of a list of commands. When the file is invoked, COMMAND.COM will execute them as <g Washington Apple Pi - November 1988 15 though they were typed in from the keyboard. The batch file commands are somewhat like a programming language. These include: For/Next, If/Then (with a wide variety of conditionals), Getkey for specific responses, Goto, window- ing and error checking. What you can do with these is limited only by your ingenuity. The batch file example, in the manual, shows a method for doing client billing for AppleWorks. It asks you for a client’s name, creates a text file of that name, writes the time and date to the file, runs AppleWorks, returns to the batch file and writes the new time to the file, The time difference would be thé amount of time spent on that client. How I use it Generally, I use COMMAND.COM to control loading and deleting files from a Ramdisk, and to start up certain applica- tions, One in particular is Quicken, a check-writing program from Intuit. A bad habit of Quicken is that it insists on trashing slot 3 Ramdisks. It does inform you that it wants to do this and asks you if itis OK. I cannot imagine it ever being okay, so if the program goes to the trouble of providing a warning message, then it should do something to prevent the problem in the first place, but then that is another story. To cope with this, COMMAND.COM to the rescue. My Quicken batch file is started from my program selector. (The system file is 1O.System and the program file is the batch file.) The first thing it does is to look to see if the checking account data exists on /Ram. If not, then it makes sure that the data disk is on line and will providea promptif necessary. Once the data file has been copied to /Ram, the next step is to verify that the Program disk is on line. Then Applied Engineering’s Slotchanger isrun to redirect /Ram. This prevents /Ram from being destroyed and makes it available to Quicken. (Slotchanger has been modified toact like a switch. Each time itruns, it alternates between slots, without intervention.) Quicken is then started up. On exit, you are returned to the batch file and the /Ram slot is restored by Slotchanger. Finally, is a prompt for backing up the check data. Very straightforward and fully automatic. Recommendations Obviously, I like it. I find ituseful, even though I am sure that Ido not even begin to exploit its full capabilities. This is one of those programs that you do nothear that much about, but should. The fact that anyonecan use it to easily customize their operating environment is reason enough to buy it. G =] PROGRAM INTERFACE SIG (PI-SIG) NEWS by Robert Golden Our September 5 meeting date fell on Labor Day and there- fore it was cancelled until the next regular meeting which was held on October 3. In the October meeting in the WAP tutorial room, we started out with a review of TML Pascal, utilizing the Apple IGS, and threaded our way through the various steps and missteps of an elementary “First Program”. It became glaringly clear to me that good documentation comprises not only spelling out what the user should do, but indicating what the pitfalls are and how to get back on track after making errors. As we become more profi- cient, we plan to move on to more useful and interesting pro- grams, After further discussion of TML Pascal, we tumed to the subject of possibly utilizing a bar code system with the Apple TIGS for retrieval of inventory data. The continuing addition of diskettes and their back-up copies has certainly given one reason to look twice at this method, or to move on to hard disks! Members of the Washington Apple Pi who are interested in this special interest of computing or who have interesting ideas involving program interfacing are welcome to meet with us. We look forward to having members willing to share their problems and methods, and to possibly benefit others with their accom- plishments. We meet the first Monday of each month in the WAP conference room. 6 LETTER TO THE EDITOR CHANGE IN TUTORIAL FEES Effective in January 1989, the WAP tutorial fees willincrease slightly. The regular monthly Beginning Tutorials will increase from $10 to $15 per session for members, and from $15 to $20 for non-members. Special (non-regular) tutorials will increase from $15 to $20 for members, and from $20 to $25 for non- members. 6 16 Washington Apple Pi - November 1988 Dear WAP Editor, Nancy Dunn et al will, no doubt, come up with some great ideas to prettify the WAP Journal. But, if removing the High- lights listing and Table of Contents from the front cover is one of them, DON’T DO IT! They are most useful right there on the front cover and less useful inside where you have to hunt for them. Also, substance is what is primarily in the WAP Journal. The margins don’t need to be wider, we don’t need expensive color on glossy paper. Please don’t go glossy! Content, sub- stance—first and foremost. Stephen E. Bach Backlick Shopping Center Fairfax Location 6691 Backlick Road 10565 Lee Highway Springfield, Virginia Fairfax, Virginia (703) 866-9122 (703) 385-2758 ple | Apple] 4 Apple lle f Apple Ile ff Pade In Your Apple Ie or IIc on Hea? APBIE HES. Il+ for an Apple Ie OR ‘Trade In Your Apple IIc for the NEW Apple Limited OFE?P G4 for Detail When your Apple equipment breaks down, you need it fixed, not excuses. That's why we're introducing ServiCenter Express Service Service for Apple_x members at a special rate. Express Service means fast repairs at reasonable prices for you. As an Apole a member in good standing you pay only regular labor rates for Express Service. It means that if we have parts in stock for your Apple-brand peripheral, you can have it repaired while you wait in most cases. To take advantage of this special offer you must: first, call for an appoint- ment ; second, you must present your current Apple m membership card when you present your equipment for repair. _ For appointment call our service department: 644-8442 — -_ CMS 30 Meg =} WAR Seti] XY F Modem Sale Hard Disk With SCSI Cable Ribbon for Macintosh iS 3 49 Apple Personal — n 1 é Q Q 3199 ( No other purchase $ e ! necessary. Limit 4 per 199 No other pure! necesary. I customer. I No other purchase necessary. I SS Se DS oe AS Apple and the Apple logo are registered trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. Apple and Macintosh are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. Washington Apple Pi - November 1988 17 ; t ImageWriter Compatible - aa Toes . a al IGS STUFF: FINDER AND DESKTOP HINTS by Ted Meyer The Finder is becoming more popular on the IIGS as time goes by. I find that I’m receiving more and more calls from people who are using (sometimes coerced into using) the Finder for program selection and file and disk management chores. Users are often needlessly frustrated by different aspects of the Finder’s environment. Sometimes it seems slow, windows are in the way, or the mouse seems to be a handicap. Often times these frustrations can be ended by knowing some not-so-secret “‘se- crets” and shortcuts for improving the Finder's functionality. In defense of the Finder’s seeming lack of documentation of some of these features, I should point out that they are discussed in the new system disk manuals. The Finder is fairly easy to use. So, after getting the “hang” of it, very few people actually finish reading the manual cover to cover. The first hint is the use of “shift-clicking.” You can choose multiple objects (disks, files, folders) by clicking on one, then, holding the shift key down, clicking one at a time on other Objects. Once you have chosen a group of items by any means, you can “unselect” individual items by shift-clicking on them. Double-clicking is one of the first tricks most people pick up. Clicking twice quickly on an item is the same as clicking once and then choosing “open” from the File menu. Often a dialog box will appear with the options “cancel” and “ok” appearing as buttons somewhere in the box. The “ok” button will have a double outline. In this case the return key will act the same as clicking the “ok” button and the escape key will act the same as cli¢king on the cancel button. Next time you’re using the Finder, take a look at all of the keyboard equivalents on the menu bars. Sometimes it’s much quicker to use the open- apple key than to move the mouse around. Another early trick that users pick up is the “selecting box.” By clicking on an area of the desktop or a window where there are no icons and pulling the mouse without releasing the button, you can create a box which can be used to select a group of objects. Combine this with shift-clicking to select a specific group of objects. The ‘Select All” option is useful for grouping objects also. Suppose you want to delete all but two file from a disk. Open the disk’s window, choose “Select All” from the Edit menu, and then shift-click the files that you don’t want to delete. You can then drag the rest of the files to the trash with no problem. Here’s a handy one that I recently leamed. You can move a window without making it active by holding the open-apple key while clicking the window’s title bar and dragging it. This really speeds up desktop activities when you have multiple windowson the desktop with some of the windows covering icons that you need to get to. Another way to quickly clear up your desktop is the “Close All” option in the File menu. And the “Clean Up” option can be used to organize your disks. If you have a lot of files in a folder, the “By File Name” option in the View menu is a lot quicker then hunting down icons. That’s it for this month. Let me know if you have any tricks or hints you like to use in the desktop environment, I’ll pass them on in this column. (I also get to use them myself, so my motivations are suspect.) SEPTEMBER IIGS SIG by Paul Tarantino MEETING REPORT In what is becoming a bimonthly tradition, our September meeting at Thomas Pyle Intermediate School in Bethesda began with a spirited game of “Find The School Custodian And Get Him To Open The Cafeteria”, a multiple-player adventure game which requires no mouse and very little memory, but will probably never be reviewed in these pages by the GameSIG gnomes. Weare, however, working ona version for the Commo- dore PET, The unchallenged star of the meeting was Mike Goldsamt, who provided a comprehensive demo of Music Studio 2.0 from Activision. Using the Pi’s IIGS augmented with a MIDI Super- sonic Stereo card and external speakers, Mike produced a con- cert of selections that he had transcribed from sheet music to Music Studio format, an admittedly tedious process (the main theme from “The Phantom of the Opera” took upwards of 25 hours to transcribe!) which produced outstanding musical re- sults. This latest version of Music Studioisa very versatile music program with lots of capabilities—easy key changes and trans- Positions, many instruments with redefinable acoustic qualities, user-friendly interface, great sound with multiple voices (and 18 Washington Apple Pi - November 1988 stereo with a stereo card)) and a few drawbacks (color-coded on- screen scores which only print out in b&w, non-interchangeable instrument sets, awkward incorporation of lyrics into the score. Music Studio 2.0 lists for $80 or thereabout, and is available as a$10 upgrade for owners of earlier versions. This latest version of Music Studio appears to offer a lot of musical entertainment and educational value. In keeping with our musical theme, Sam Knutson then demonstrated Bill Basham’s Diversitune, a very different but also very captivating kind of music program. As with other Diversi-products, -Tune ignores Apple’s standard interface methodologies, meaning no mouse or pull-down menus, but a FAST boot-up. Diversitune will only accept input from instru- ments or recordings through a Midi interface (no on-screen composition as with Music Studio or Music Construction Set), but has a more sophisticated playback setup, complete with follow-the-bouncing-ball lyrics (let’sall gather ‘round the Apple and sing some Christmas carols!). It should be noted here that Mr. Basham recommends the addition of a stereo card or a Midi- Plus-stereo card for use with his software. Ss While cycling through the options in these two music pro- grams, as well as a demo disk for the Futuresound digitizer/stereo card, wealso investigated various combinations of amplified and unamplified speakers, played through the stereo card and through the IIGS headset jack. Ted fearlessly decided to use this occasion to check out his brand new Radio Shack amplified speakers (Minimus 0.6; which worked pretty well for the price). Suffice it to say that there are lots of ways out there to augment your IIGS’s sound system, options for the most discerning ear and/or the most limited budget. Sam also ran through some demo disks of new IIGS games, gleaned from AppleFest, including Tomahawk from Datasoft, Activision’s The Last Ninja, and Mancala from California Dreaming Software, possibly the first GS-OS game. Which provides aconvenient lead-in to Ted’s report that GS- OS is REALLY HERE. Our deadlines being what they are, I imagine that the glossy Apple II mags will have already distrib- uted November issues with big cover stories on GS-OS by the time you get toread my deathless prose. ANYWAY..., confident that they will steal my thunder and probably have more informa- tion and color diagrams, etc., I will nevertheless report (info gleaned from Apple’s news release on AppleLink of 19 Septem- ber) that GS-OS is in your dealer’s hands right now, available with manuals for $39 (free to those who bought IIGS machines since 15 August). To quote, “Apple is also encouraging efforts to make the software available separately free of charge from authorized Apple dealers, user groups, and a variety of on-line services.” Which means, I expect, that, as with previous system software releases, your dealer will copy the disks onto your disks gratis, and that the two new system disks will also be available through the Pi Disketeria. If you want the full package with manuals, though, you will need to cough up some dough. Officially designated System Software 4.0, GS-OS provides a much faster 16-bit operating system and Finder, improved desktop, and new disk and startup utilities, and will be able to access “other file systems” with File System Translators (a File System Translator for CD-ROM is apparently included; FST’s for Mac and MS-DOS can be supported when somebody gets around to writing them). All else is rumor right now (30 Septem- ber). Word is that some existing PRODOS 16 software will NOT run in GS-OS (like maybe most if not all Activision stuff?), which would force you to boot those programs up sans the GS- OS Finder until (inevitably, I expect) the software people revise their programs to follow Apple’s software guidelines. Stay tuned to your friendly TCS for the latest word. We should know lots more by our next meeting, which will be on Monday, 24 October, at the Dolley Madison Library in McLean, from 7:00 to 9:30 pm, From the Beltway, take Dolley Madison Boulevard (Rt. 123) east toward McLean. Go through the stoplightat Old Dominion Road (unless it’s red) and make the next left onto Ingleside Road. The library is two blocks down the road, on the left, and we’ll be in the downstairs meeting room. On Monday, November 28, we will return to Thomas Pyle Intermediate School in Bethesda. Take the River Road exit (Rt. 190) east from the Beltway for about a mile, turn left on Wilson Lane (Rt. 188) and look for the school about half‘a mile ahead on the left. Park in the back lot and look for us in the cafeteria. Assuming, of course, that the custodian will let us in... LOW FA TEAEERTCA MEGABYTE RAM BOARDS! APPLE COMPATIBLE PERIPHERALS! The Ultimate in RAM Power! 64K/80 Column Board expands Ile to Super Expander GS, a 100% replace- | 128K and adds 80 columns & hi-res. $35 ment for Apple llgs 1 meg board. | Super 64K/80 Column Board w/64K $49 Fully ligs hardware & software |Super 64K/80 Column Board w/256K call ‘compatible. 9K $39] 16K RAM Board expands ll+ to 64K $34] Super Expander E, for U.S. and Euro- | 128K RAM BD expands Il+ to 192K. pean lle. Licensed by Applied Engineer- | Combine w/Plusworks 2 for Il+ Ap- Ing. 100% replacement for extended —_| pleworks desktop of 136K. 80 column card. Expands Apple- | Plusworks 2 Software allows ll+ |works desktop to 998K and allows | Appleworks operation. (req 80 col).| $38 ‘instant switching between Apple- {80 Column BD expands ll+ display to works modules 180 columns. (Videx compatible), $48 Super Expander C, expands lic to 1152K and Appleworks desktop to 1062K, plus allows instant switching between modules. 6K Super Expander +, operates in any I+ slot, plus 0. Expands Appleworks desktop to 1014K, & allows instant switching between modules. (80 Col req for Appleworks), OK ABOVE w/256K, 512K, or 1MEG QUIET COOLING FANS! ‘SuperFan {I for the Il+/Ile. Kensington style w/surge protect. $26] ‘Super Cooler GS for the ligs. ei 4 No audio line interference. TWO YEAR WARRANTY ON ALL PRODUCTS CALL OR WRITE FOR OUR COLOR CATALOG ADD $3 SHIPPING/COD OKAY/ NO EXTRA FEE $59 ‘Super Serial Board 100% replacement for the Super Serial card. 280 CP/M Board opens the world of CP/M for your il+/lle/IIgs. Graphic Parallel Board w/Cable does text & graphic screen prints. Parallel Board w/Cable for use where graphics is not required. Disk Drive 5% w/speed adjust, specify lyour mode! w/order. su $79 CALL A/8 Switchbox parallel or serial A/8/6/0 Switchbox (par or ser) Numeric Keypad 1! tor lle Numeric Keypad Il for lic Joystick (specify your II model) Joystick Ill similar to Mach IIL $29 $39 $39 si7 $24 ‘ 15] because the advanced design amplifier of 9 the SoundSystem 2 provides over 3 times $34] state of the art filtering, provide an SOUND SYSTEM ™ 2 —: NEW! 2-Way Stereo Amplified Speaker System PAR for your Apple tgs, He, ie, +, and Macintosh More versatile than the Roommates by Bose, this thunderous amplified speaker set will make all Apple speech, music, games, and other sound programs come to life on FEATURES: ‘© Bullt in advanced design amplitier. © Volume control {you'll need it). © 2.way super heterodyne speakers. @ State of the art noise filtering. © No slot operation. © 100% Apple software compatible. ‘© 100% Apple hardware compatible. (specify your model with order) © Complete Documentation. Full two year warranty. be blown away when you plug in this super powered speaker system, the power of any amplifier board. ‘And the sound? You won't believe your ears, because the built in 2-way stereo super heterodyne speakers, coupled with ‘enhanced high quality sound, crystal clear full sound potential of your ‘Apple computer with the versatile ‘SoundSystem 2. You never knew your Apple could sound s0 good! LOW FACTORY DIRECT PRICE $129 £ osate NEXO DISTRIBUTION 914 East 8th Street, Suite 109, National City, California 92050 Apple, Appleworks and Macintosh trademarks of Apple Computer, inc. Bose & Roommates are trademarks of Bose Corp. (619) 474-3328 10am-6pm/Mon-Fri Washington Apple Pi - November 1988 19 NEW IIC-PLUS PREVIEWED, DTP PROGRAMS REVIEWED: The September Apple || Meeting of Washington Apple Pi by Joe Wagovich Anearly preview of new Apple hardware has beena frequent treat forregular attendees of the WAP monthly meeting. Septem- ber’s Apple II session continued the tradition. Barely a week had passed since Apple’s introduction of the newest II-series ma- chine at Applefest-San Francisco than Pi members saw a full demonstration in the USUHS auditorium. Thanks to the assistance of Clinton Computer and its repre- sentative, Chris Carlton, a prototype Apple IIc+ was made available to the club for this special showing. The scheduled WAP Apple II program on Desktop Publishing programs was held at bay for the first hour to permit the demonstration. The new computer is similar in size and styling to the older IIc, There are, however, notable physical differences: It has a built-in Apple 3.5 drive, is made of sturdier plastic, appears slightly heavier, and best of all has a built-in power supply. (No more external white box.) The Ic+ has a volume control in the place previously occu- pied by the 40/80-column switch, which most people seldom used. Backside, the new standard serial ports have been in- stalled. Other ports are the same. Most impressive is the machine’s speed: There are two options, 1 and 4 MegaHertz, switchable by invoking a two- hands-and-an-elbow procedure involving the Control, Open Apple, Escape, and Resetkeys. The speed at4 MHz is something to behold, however—faster than any enhancements currently on the market can provide. Does that make it the fastest II? Not quite. Because the IIc+ is an 8-bit machine, it doesn’t match the optimum speed of the 16-bit IIGS. In demonstration, the new machine booted Broderbund’s Dazzle Draw quickly and with fine results. Its 128K RAM is configured in a 64K x 4 chip arrangement on the motherboard. Expansion of the RAM is yet an unknown: The Apple memory board didn’t work in a test involving the high-speed mode; but other third-party boards were not checked. The computer can be rigged with another external 3.5 drive and a pair of 5.25s. Since the IIc+ depends primarily on its internal drive, however (it boots from it), owners may have difficulty finding much ProDOS 8 software on 3.5 disks. Most entertainment and educational programs continue to be sold on 5.25 floppies. The new Apple will list at about $600, and local distributors will discount. The system will be more favorably priced than that of the older IIc. Because of its appeal to the home computer market, Apple intends to put the IIc+ on the shelves well before Christmas, probably in October. Desktop Publishing Programs for the Apple I. Long- awaited Desktop Publishing software has reached the Apple II series finally in both ProDOS 8 and 16 form. The WAP Apple II “main” program involved a demonstration by Ray Hakim and Ted Meyer, with an assist by Dave Harvey. Two programs were demonstrated, one for 8-bit applications, 20 Washington Apple Pi - November 1988 Timeworks’ Publish.It, and one for the IGS, Milliken Publishing’s Medley. Three other programs were described: Springboard’s Springboard Publisher (ProDOS 8), Softsync’s Personal Newsletter (ProDOS 8), and DataPak Software’s GraphicWriter (ProDOS 16). Desktop publishing programs differ from ordinary word processing programs in several respects. They combine both text and graphics into a pleasing organization. They can import pictures from other sources. And they can place articles into multi-column formats; that is, separate articles can lie side by side on a page, or one article can extend across several pages. “What You See Is What You Get” (WYSIWYG, or Wissee-wig) is a capability highly desirable in publishing programs that lets you see on the screen exactly what you will be printing. Among uses for publishing programs are creation of bro- chures; newsletters for churches, clubs, PTAs, etc. and advertise- ments. Many of the the 125 Apple II attendees already had experiences with DTP. Most owned Publish.It, and a few each had Springboard Publisher, Personal Newsletter, and Graph- icWriter experience. Because it was sonew, nooneowned or had worked with Medley. A poll of the group revealed tha