washingtonapplepijournal1988v10no3mar88

$28 Washington Apple Pi Journal of the Washin March 1988 Volume 10 ton Apple Pi, Ltd. Number 3 Highlights « Four Assemblers for the Ilas « Smoothtalker « The Legacy of Daryl Anderson = MacNovice: Mac's New "MultiFinder" Developer's View: S.F. MacWorld Expo Word Footnotes Made Easy In This Issue Officers & Staff, Editorial... General Information, Event Queue, Classifieds Job Mart, Volunteer Profiles WAP Calendar, SIG News.. AppleWorks Tax Template: Mod 1 to Rev 1 Annapolis Apple Slice News... Katherine M. Cave 9 Commercial Classifieds WordPerfect 1.1 (Apple II): A Review Patchmania (Apple II): A Review... = Robert C. Platt & Bruce F. Field 12 Ted Meyer 16 Smoothtalker: OK, But What Good Is It? ...Brian G. Mason 26 Program Interface SIG (PI-SIG News) Robert Golden 28 An Open Letter to Jean-Louis Gassée.. = Best of the Apple Items from the TCS . The Legacy of Daryl Anderson On the Trail of the Apple /// WAP Acrostic .. GameSIG News David Ottalini 34 David Ottalini 35 Dana J. Schwartz 37 . Steven Payne 38 Defender of the Crown: A Review .. Dave Brouwer 38 NBA: A Review Reid Hutchinson 39 Calculus for a New Century: Final Rpt. ...Joseph A. Hasson 40 Frederick Apple Core Getting Your IW II Out of a Jam Desktop Publishing SIG Meeting Report ...Cynthia Yockey 46 i Robert C. Platt 47 Stock SIG News... .. Andrew D. Thompson 48 Mac Meeting Report—Jan. 2: Federal SIG News..... Ralph J. Begleiter 50 Developer’s View: San Francisco MacWorld....... Bill Hole 54 Macinations ... Robb Wolov 56 Softviews.... David Morganstein 58 Macintosh Bits and Bytes .. Lynn R. Trusal 60 Excel SIG/Discussion Group Excelling on Your Mac: Part 18 Object Logo: A Review Word Footnotes Made More MS Word... A Cable for All Seasons: Trapp! Another Episode from MacEngland . Delta 3.2 Medical Record System . Geer Jr & Milrod 67 . Martin Milrod 69 .. Robb Wolov 70 n & Siew Youell 71 - Robert C. Platt 73 Best of the Mac Items from the TCS .. Dan Hughes 74 IIGS Disketeria News .. aie Mac Disketeria News ... Index to Advertisers, Index to Authors WAP Membership Application Form .. Disketeria Order Form, Tutorial Registration Form ... Fami Com uter Your Friendly Apple Dealer. p : CLF NEWLCCATICN Backlick Shopping Centa 10565 Lee Highway 6691 Backlick Road Li aa CENTER Fairfax, Virginia Springfield, Virginia (703) 385-2758 '03) 866-9122 6 8 g > YouDont ggapenepes : Deserve This... I Rodime 20 meg Hard Disk Drive It isn't hard to imagine why we've $699. made customer No other purchase ' service our #1 J necessary. Offer good ve : priority! with this Coupon only. 1 Member Discount 25 “off All Apple brand peripherals and upgrades! Sringfield Location Now Open Sundays From 12 to 5. ° Trade-In Your Apple IIc or Apple IIe for an Wap Bonus Buy Apple IIGS ode : yee Boece — e of Computer Call for Details 1 Paper and get I a third one free. - Free Box of equal or Authorized Apple Lesser value. No other Express Service ‘ purchase necesialy. Offer good with this When your Apple equipment breaks down, you need it fixed, not excuses. That's why we're bps only. " introducing ServiCenter Express Service for Apple x members at a special rate. But what [L. o= cce on com mem oes mem mee me does Express Service mean to you? Express Service means fast repairs at reasonable prices for you. As an Apple m member in good standing you pay only regular labor rates for Express Service. It means that if we have parts in stock for your Apple-brand peripheral, you can have it repaired while you wait in most cases. To take advantage of this special offer you must do two things. First, call for an appointment before bringing you machine in for repair. Second, you must present your current Apple 7 membership card when you present your equipment for repair to receive the special Apple x discount on Express Service labor rates. For appointment call our service depariment: 644-8442 discount applies only to express service rates. Apple and the Apple logo are registered trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. Apple and Macintosh are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. * 25% off list price on all non-allocated peripherals, not including CPU's. This discount cannot be used retroactively or in combination with any other promotions. ™ identification required. Family Computer reserves the right to change this policy without prior notice. 8032 Leesburg Pike, Vienna, VA (703)442-3800 Ul 277 S. Washington St, Alexandria, VA (703)838-9700 & @ 12204 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD (301)881-2810 — ywener 6443 Old Alex. Ferry Rd, Clinton, MD (301)856-2500 9636 Ft. Meade Rd, Laurel, MD (301)953-1110 or (301)792-0600 € Government and Corporate Sales (703)838-9722 If Your Business Needs Timely and Accurate Accounting Data, You Need INSIGHT! © tie tait_Wingow Form "™-Store" Days Your Chance to Talk with an Insight Expert! eAlexandria Stores Thursday, March 10, 1-3PM eTysons Stores Thursday, March 24, 1-3PM *Laurel Stores Thursday, April 7, 1-3PM *Clinton Storee Thursday, April 21, 1-3PM eRockville Stores Thursday, May 5, 1-3PM. .. Take $595 Off Your Payables! Buy Accounts Receivable by March 31, 1988 & Get Accounts Payable Free — $595 Value! INSIGHT is America's best-sell- ing accounting software. It does far more than just your bookkeeping and billing. It goes beyond the numbers to analyze and interpret them to help you make fundamental decisions about your business. INSIGHT's integrated modules for General Ledger, Accounts Re- ceiveable and Billing, and Accounts Payable are as powerful as many mini-computer accounting packages. INSIGHT was designed to work the way people work, so you spend your time doing accounting, not learning how to run a computer! Free! Accounting Seminars °Old Town Alexandria, VAs Thur, March 3, 10AM, 2PM (Call "Red" at 838-9700) Tysons Corner, VAs Thur, March 17, LOAM, 2PM (Call Doreen at 442-3800 to register) *Calverton/Beltsville, MDe Thur, March 31, 10AM, 2PM (Call Pam at 953-1110 to register) *Clinton, MDe Thur, April 14, 10AM, 2PM (Call Sharon at 856-2500 to register) *Rockville/Bethesda, MDe Thur, April 28, 1OAM, 2PM (Call Diane at 881-2810 to register) DISCOUNT POLICY FOR WASHINGTON APPLE PI MEMBERS CLINTON COMPUTER offers Washington Apple Pi members a 25% DISCOUNT OFF THE LIST PRICE on all non-allocated Apple brand peripherals (no CPU's), software and AppleCare. For upgrades, the 25% discount applies to both the parts and normal labor rate. Discount is available to persons who have been Pi members for at least 3 months. Discount cannot be applied retroactively. Pimembers need to present their cards up-front. No phone or mail orders, please. Discount cannot be used in combination with other promotions. Products on allocation from Apple are excluded from this offer. Clinton Computer reserves the right to change this policy at any time. Introducing the New LaserWriter II Printers Apple® Computer's technology leadership has produced another im- portant first -- the first family of fully upgradeable laser printers. The LaserWriter® IISC offers the in- dividual Macintosh user excellent full- page text and graphic printing capa- bilities at an affordable price. ‘The LaserWriter IINT lets individu- als and workgroups produce a full range of professional quality docu- ments. The LaserWriter IINTX provides un-paralleled performance and flexi- bility for those with high-volume print- ing requirements and advanced page layout and document processing needs. Seminars and Training Available Clinton Computer offers a compre- hensive training program on both Apple™ and MS-DOS microcomputers in Laurel, Rockville and Alexandria. For registration information, contact the Training Department at 953-1110. We also offer a wide variety of Free Seminars on PageMaker, Adobe Illus- trator, Powerpoint, Freehand, and In- sight Accounting. Call Alyce at 838- 9700 to register for upcoming sessions. Apple, the Apple logo, and LaserWriter are regis- tered trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. Macin- tosh ts a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. Apple products are available only from authorized Apple dealers. They are not available by telephone or mail order. *TEMPEST Macintosh™ II Personal Computer © Full 32-Bit 68020 Microprocessor ¢ 800K Built-in Disk Drive (Second Drive 15.7 Megahertz Can Be Added) © 68881 Floating Point Coprocessor e External Hard Disk Drive, 20MB, 40MB, ° 1MB RAM, Expandable to 8MB 80MB (Option) * 6 NuBus Expansion Slots ¢ 12” TEMPEST Apple® High-Resolution Monochrome Monitor e 13” TEMPEST Color Monitor 800 x 560 ¢ 2 RS232/RS422 Ports ¢ SCSI Interface (Option) ¢ TEMPEST Mouse e 19” TEMPEST High Resolution Color © Detachable Extended Keyboard 105 Keys, Monitor, 1280 x 1024 (Option) 15 Function Keys ™ i: . we Apple, Macintosh, and the Apple Logo are registered Value Added trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. ye Reselior E SSEE Products Incorporated pee Board wn Directors President farrick 301) 654-8060 Vice Pres: Apple “Ry! ngnd Hobbs 301) 725-5972 Vice Pres-! - Bob Platt 703) 486-1466 Treasurer - Edward Mi n 103) 759-5479 Secretary - Peter Coml 301) 251-6369 Directors - Bruce Field 301 7038 - Harvey Kaye 301) 493-6875 - Priscil verson 703) 759-5479 - Leon ly 301) 439-1799 - Eric Rall 01) 596- - fy Thal 2A4-. Lynn R. Trusal 301) 845-2651 Past President - = David Morganstein 301) 972-4263 Editor - Bernie Urban 301) 229-3458 Head Software Libr. - Jim Little : apt 762-3215 Office Managers - Gena & Bernie Urban (301) 654-8060 Journal Staff: Associate Editor - Gena Urban B08 229-3458 Store Distrbin. - Ray Hakim 2 G49. 1891 Columnists, ‘pple /// - Dave Ottalini AON rte rte Apple News - Walt Mossberg Developer's View -Jim Lanford 301 389-600 EDS. - Peter Combes cy Bee. GamesIG - pore Pay Mac Bits & Bytes - Lynn R. Trusal Ee Beet Macliovicg = Ralph Begleiter 301) 340-3296 &A fon than is 301) 330-1422 hes Reporter - Cynthia Yocke: 301) 565-3951 Basics uA le - Ry ond Hob! eit 490-7484 &A -Bob Platt )3) 486-1466 - Bruce Field 301 ao ios Sofiviews & Excel - David Morganstein StockSIG - Andrew Thompson 1) 3106780 Review Coord. -James Burger (day) Review Corrd. — - Raymond Hobbs _ 301 Borst Review Coord. __- David Mor tein Review Coord. Igs- Leon Raes! 301 Bo 1709 TCS - Apple - Alexander Barnes Bot ey S- - Dan Hughes 12) 234-7735 Telecom SIG - Dave Harvey 703 378-4621 View From Hill - Rich Norling 202) 547-5508 Disketeria: _ DOS 3.3Lib. — - Jim Little 301 763-3215 Macintosh Lib. - David Weikert evan Milrod a0 aetooet Pascal Li Mike Hartman 301) 445-1583 ProDOS CPM Lib- John T, Bell ett a rece Tigs Lib. - David Todd at} Bs cred Apple II Disks y 301 762-3215 - John Bell, Bob Johnson, att © Use the Hotline for Technical Questions Mac Lib. Staff - Dave Benbennick, Rick Chapman, - Hampton DeJamnette,John DeMarco, - “Gay Elliott, Ben Frank, , Andy Gallant, * - Mary Hockmeyer, Willem Jones, "Al Maloney, Ralph h Mullendore, - Mike Robinett, FredR - Charles Sicard, Bob S Toe Swick, - Bob ‘Vandegrift, Jessica feissman Group Purchases __- Rich Wasserstrom * (202) 544-8327 Hea venings 7 00-9: 30, M-F) ib. - Walt Francis 202) 966-5742 yeh Tea ing tie > Amy Billingsley 301) 622-2203 Arrangements - Leon Moore 301) 946-2642 Dealer Rel.Comm. - John Alden 202) 686-1656 - Harvey Kaye 301) 493-6875 - Bob Platt 703) 486-1466 - Bernie Urban '301) 229-3458 - Rich Wasserstrom Legal Counsel - Clarice Calkins Dwyer 301) 445-2895 Membership : an wartz, 01) 654-8060 Program - John Alden 202) 686-1656 Public Relations —- Charles Redmond (202) 363-3184 SIGs&Slices Coord. - Jay Thal 202) 244-3649 Telecom Sys. Opr. - Leon Raesly 301) 439-1799 Tutorials ~ Bob Platt 103) 486-1466 Volunteer Coord. - David Morganstein 301) 972-4263 SIG Chairmen: Annapolis Slice - Craig Contardi Apple works - Ken DeVito 178 te Hes - Ted Mey 893-6845 pe Mi - David Ottalini_ 681-5792 - Tom Bartkiewicz 435-3295 AV-SIG - Jay Williams _ 728-1009 CP/M les Franklin 997-9138 DisabledSIG - “Tay Thal 364: dPub SIG - Tom Piwowar 223-6813 EDSIG - Peter Combes 251-6369 Federal SIG - Gordon Stubbs . . ~ Daniel A 822-8052 Frederick Slice — - Oscar Fisher Jr. 694-9237 GameSIG. .. _ 7 Charles Dea Hall 864-2715 Chrmn. Emeritus - Ron Wart 257-4873 LawSIG - John Weld (day) 463. Mac Prog.Grp. _- Bob Shaffer 671-1194 - Bruce Jacobs 439-7812 Music SIG ~ Bill Bittle 236-9898 Pascal (PIG) - Mike Hartman 445-15 PI-SIG - Bob Golden 593-6165 StockSIG - Peter 620-4071 Telecomm. SIG - ‘Allan Levy -783: Washington Apple Pi, Ltd. 8227 Woodmont Avenue, Suite 201 Telecommunications System (301) 986-8085 Bethesda, MD 20814 Business Office (301) 654-8060 You never know what aspect of Washington Apple Pi will “turn someone on.” The other day I walked into our local small- town post office in Glen Echo to mail a package, and the clerk said, “Oh, you’re Washington Apple Pi(e), aren’t you? That makes me feel good, cause I like apple pie, and waiting on you makes me happy.” I didn’t go into my usual song and dance about how we are Apple Pi, the Greek letter, not the pastry. Why spoil a good feeling? But it started me thinking about how, in a group like WAP, © 1988, Washington Apple Pi, Ltd. you don’t always realize what effect the organization or the individual members may have on the public (or on each other), and you just may be surprised at what makes people happy. Anyway, what do you think—should we change our name to Washington Apple Pie? It’s a sure bet to make people smile! Re this issue, we have many more articles which merit highlighting, but we have only so much space on the cover for that purpose. So, look them all over and enjoy. @ Washington Apple Pi - March 1988 3 PRESIDENT’S CORNER his month, I’m by Tom Warrick (OF going to start 24), Close at homeand get further afield as we go. As you might expect from your computer user group, we do keep track of all that information you provide when you fill out your membership applica- tion or renewal form. Lately, it’s been telling us some interesting things. Membership has jumped somewhat in the past few E months, to 5,374 just before the January 1988 reeling! “This confirms Myerson’s rule, that Washington Apple Pi membership is a lagging indicator of Apple Computer’s sales, which reached record levels in the fourth quarter of 1987. The principal reason for Washington Apple Pi’s membership increase, it appears from the statistics, has to do with the exponential growth we’ ve experienced in the numbers of Apple IIgs, Macintosh SE and Macintosh II mem- bers. We reported 25 Apple IIgs owners in January 1987, alittle less than a year after the Apple IIgs rollout, but today we have 337. Part of this increase is an artifact of the reporting process (you let us know what type of computer you own only once a year, when you join the Pi or when you renew your membership; on the other hand, if you report you own a IIgs and a Macintosh SE, we record you in the “Apple II and Mac” category without differentiating among types of Apple II’s or types of Macs), but part of it is due to the fact that IIgs sales are picking up. Apple Computer has been saying for several months that sales of the Apple IIgs have exceeded internal expectations. Normally, of course, when a company says this about its internal sales, cynics say that it has more to do with the company’s internal forecasting than with anything else. It is true that sales of the Apple IIgs were originally disap- pointing, which was not surprising considering that there was litle if any software to take advantage of the IIgs’s special capabilities so as to make the IIgs worth the premium price. To hear that IIgs sales are increasing should be very good news for current IIgs owners. Itis axiomatic in the computer industry that hardware and software for a new computer are a chicken-egg problem: Who will write software for a new computer that few people own? Who will buy a new computer for which few people have written software? So the more IIgs’s there are out there, the more software will be written for the IIgs. IIgs owners: encour- age your friends to buy a IIgs! In contrast to the slow start-up of the IIgs, the Macintosh SE was an instant hit after its introduction in March of 1987. The optional built-in hard disk or built-in second floppy disk drive, coupled with faster hard disk performance, made many industry observers predict that the Mac SE would be very popular among 4 Washington Apple Pi - November 1987 businesses, as it has been. But it has also been a hit among our members, who are, for the most part, individuals reporting computers they own as individuals. We began recording SE membership in May. By July, we had 35 Mac SE members, but in January of 1988 this number had increased to 226. The numbers of Pi members reporting that they own a Macintosh II, as you would expect, have been smaller than those reporting they own a Mac SE or an Apple IIgs. Not surprising, considering (1)until late last year you could not get a color monitor for the Mac II, and (2)it’s hard to both get a Mac IL system and have change left over from your $8,000. Still, Mac I membership has gone from 6 in July to 80 in January. There is one noteworthy statistic buried in the data on what types of computers we own. In November, Washington Apple Pi became a 50-50 organization, with the same number of members reporting they owned members of the Apple II family (by which I include the Apple ///, since it uses the same type of 6502 microprocessor as the Apple II) and the Macintosh family. Actually, rather than “50-50,” it would be more accurate to say “56-56,” since about 12percent of our members report they own both Apple II's and Macintoshes. Elsewhere in the computer industry, Steve Jobs’ Next, Inc. is due to unveil soon its new line of workstation computers to compete with the Macintosh II and workstations from Sun Microsystems and a number of other vendors. Jobs has managed to keep the wraps on his first post-Macintosh child, although enough has leaked out to let us know that the low-end model is small, black, uses Display Postscript (a screen version of the page-description language used by the LaserWriter) and has a 68020 microprocessor with lots of memory. He has apparently lined up a number of top software houses, including Microsoft, to come out with “Next” versions of their top software. Sounds great? Maybe itis, technologically, but would you wantto be the person to try to persuade the board of trustees of MIT or CalTech to require every student to get a computer from a company with no track record, no installed base, andrun by someone who once, almost singlehandedly, ran a Fortune 500 company into the ground because of his shortsightedness? The computer world has changed greatly from what it was in 1984, the year Jobs introduced the 128K Mac with a single disk drive. The magic phrase I remember from business school is “barrier to entry.” In other words, if you and everybody else who markets detergent each spend $100 million a year in advertising, it will be hard for an outsider to break into the detergent market unless he has the resources to spend a similar amount. Next faces barriers to entry because of the software chicken-egg problem mentioned a few paragraphs before (al- though their choice of microprocessor and of Display Postscript help to overcome this problem), as well as barriers in the marketing and service sectors. None of the Silicon Valley whiz kids—Nolan Bushnell (Atari) and Adam Osbome come to mind—has hada second success to rival his first. Steve Jobs will have quite a task in front of him to avoid joining that group. Finally, to end this column—as promised—far afield ot contd. computers, let me recommend a book that has nothing to do with computers. (Yes, I do admit to reading such books on occasion. Istarted reading this book ina dentist’s waiting room, which may tell you something.) The book is Secrets of the Temple by former Washington Post editor William Greider, and the subject is United States monetary policy under former Federal Reserve Board chairman Paul Volcker. It sounds like a real snoozer, but, Teally, it’s not. To the contrary—it’s a fascinating and engaging history of the United States told from a perspective that one almost never gets from television, newspapers or news maga- zines. If during the 1980's you owned a house, had a checking account, or even just owed someone money, this book may help explain a lot of the crazy things that happened during that turbulent period. It certainly makesa change from reading about Presidential primaries and makes you realize that the person for whom you vote on Super Tuesday may not be the most important government official in your future. (cs) Following are dates and topics for upcoming months: March 26 - Apple II - Programming - Mac TBA April 23 - Music The Executive Board of Washington Apple Pi meets on the second Wednesday of each month at 7:30 PM at the office. @ CLASSIFIEDS. INFORMATION Apple user groups may reprint without prior permission any Portion of the contents herein, provided proper author, title and publication credits are given. Membership dues for Washington Apple Pi are $32.00 for the first year and $25.00 per year thereafter, beginning in the month joined. If you would like tojoin, please call the club office or write to the office address, A membership application will be mailed to you. Subscriptionsto the Washington Apple PiJournal are not available. The Journal is distributed as a benefit of membership. Mailing Notice: Change of address must be postmarked at least 30 days prior to effective date of move. Journal issues missed due to non-receipt of change of address may be acquired via mail for $2.50 per issue. Current office hours are: Monday - Friday - 10 AM to 2:30PM Tues. & Thurs. - 7PM to9:00PM Saturday - 12Noon to 3:00 PM Please note that the office is closed on all U.S. Government holidays. Members are asked to place phone calls to the office during the day hours Monday - Friday whenever possible, since only one person staffs the office during evening hours and on Saturday. Washington Apple Pi meets on the 4th Saturday of each month (except December. Currently we are in the process of establishing a new “permanent” meeting site, and locations for the time being will be listed on a month-to-month basis. The March 26 and April 23 meetings will be at Georgetown Univer- sity, 3900 Reservoir Rd. DC, Pre-Clinical Science Bldg. Rooms LA4andLA6. Disketeria transactions, Journal pickup, member- ships, etc. are from 8:45-10:00 AM. The business meeting is from 9:00-9:30. A sign interpreter and reserved seating can be provided for the hearing impaired, but we need 5 business days notice. Call the office. Friends of Bill W.: Developing Apple network of recovering alcoholics to exchange letters on diskette and otherwise pursue primary purpose by keyboard and modem. Contact Arthur K. Burditt, Box 958, Moen, Truk FSM 96942. WANTED: Used Mac 512K, 512K enhanced, or Mac Plus and peripherals for personal use. Write Alan Williams, 1621 Shady Leaf Drive, Valrico FL 33594 or call (813) 830-6403 days or (813) 685-0601 evenings. FOR SALE: DataFrame XP-60, 60MB SCSI hard disk. Call David, evenings and weekends at (301) 972-4263. FOR SALE: 400K Mac disk drive, $60; 300 baud Apple external modem, $10. Call Cynthia at 565-3951, day or evening. FOR SALE: ProWriter 8510, excellent condition, $120; Color Monitor for the //c, $100. Call (703) 960-5561, ask for Dave. FOR SALE: Ergotron Macbuffer (512K), $200; Macintosh 400K external drive, $75. Call Larry, (703) 698-7826. FOR SALE: LaserWriter Plus. Like new. Only 600 sheets have been run through this machine and only one person has ever operated it. Only five months old. Includes all documentation and packaging. $3000. Call (202) 543-0095. (ifIamnotin, leave a message and I will return your call.) FOR SALE: Software for Apple II: Sensible Speller, useful with most word processors, and Multiplan Spreadsheet. Both essentially new. First caller with a good price—(301) 933-3065. Will sell separately. FOR SALE: Apple 400K external drive, $50. Call (202) 387-4798, day or evening. FOR SALE: Apple 400K external drive and/or Word 1.05 with full documentation. Best offers. Leave a message for Richard at 982-5074, FOR SALE: Mac XL with 2 Meg AST RamStack and 10 Meg internal hard drive. 12-inch screen. Well cared for and in great shape, but I can’t keep it busy with my SE sitting next to it. Comes with a vast assortment of software including MacServe XL (connects to other Macs and printers), Word, MacProof, PageMaker, Excel, FileMaker Plus, SuperPaint, VideoWorks, Turbo Pascal, CricketGraph, MacTerminal, MicroPlanner, Copy II Mac and several dozen others. A lotofcomputing power for $1225. Also for sale: Apple 512K Ram board for the XL, $150, Call Dan Goodman at (301) 933-9744 between 10AMand 9PM. FOR SALE: Apple //e with 128K 80-column card, Kensing- ton System Saver, Monitor (mono), KoalaPad, Joystick, AE Ram Works Card with 768K ROM chips installed (room for up to 1 meg), Seriall Card for modem and printer, 2 disk drives, Grappler+ parallel printer card. Plus much software and manuals including AppleWorks; Apple Writer II and 2.0; Ram-Works User Disk; Zoom TCS; PFS File, Report, Sortworks and Graph; contd, Washington Apple Pi- March 1988 5 Copy I+; PrintShop and Graphics Disk #1 &2; Micro Illustrator; Financial Cookbook; Zaxxon; Dollars and $ense; Webster's Spelling Checker; Netmaster Comm. Software; ProDos Users Disk, Newsroom and Graphics Disk, Micro Cookbook, Flight Simulator, plus assorted games and back issues of WAP Journal. $1595 or best offer. Call Joe at (301) 490-9112. FOR SALE: Apple ][+ 48K, 16K RAM card, Apple disk controller card, Apple Super Serial card, Videx Enhancer II, Function Strip, Mountain Computer ROMPLUS+ card, Teko 12" green-screen monitor, power strip, leather Apple sack, manuals, software, ][ ina Mac. $150. Call Dwin Craig at (703) 461-0509. FOR SALE: Apple Quantum 40MB, internal hard disk for Mac II. Need larger capacity. $1000, but will listen to other offers. Lynn Trusal (301) 845-2651. Call before 10PM please. FOR SALE: Mac software. One original copy of each of the following, along with original documentation: Word 3.0, Word 1.05, Excel 1.03, Typing Tutor III, MaxRam MaxPrint, HFS Backup 1.1, Fokker Triplane, Uninvited. Call George at (703) 860-8280. No reasonable offer refused. FOR SALE: Mac Vision from the Koala Technologies based production department. Seeking Mac-enthusiasts inter- ested in achallenging position with opportunities to grow within the defense industry. Projects involve a variety of word process- ing, presentation graphics, project management SW, IBM PC/ Mac networking, state-of art SW, etc. MacDraw, Microsoft Word, and PageMaker familiarity preferred but not required. Call Treva Coleman or Susan LeGath at 521-3812 or send resume to Dynamics Research Corporation, 1755 Jeff Davis Hwy, #802, Arlington, VA 22202. Part-time. Small environmental consulting firm that uses a MacPlus anda variety of software programs (word processing, HyperCard, mailing list, graphics) for spill response and contin- gency planning work for the government seeks a highly moti- vated Macintosh user/exper to do computer and general office work, Old Town Alexandria. Flexible hours (10-15 hours per week) and negotiable salary. Please call Ann Hayward Walker at (703) 683-8324. Corporation. Video digitizer for the Mac. Will work with VCR or Video camera. Also included is coupon for dis- counts on videocamera. Original documentation, software VOLUNTEER PROFILES _ and hardware. $170. Call Dwin Craig at (703) 461-0509. FOR SALE: Macintosh 512E. $1300 or best offer. Call Jeff (301) 563-1903. 6 JOB MART HELP WANTED: Freelance Mac experts needed in all areas, especially desktop publishing and graphics. Please send your resume anda sample or two to Cynthia Yockey, Cynthia Yockey & Associates, 9039 Sligo Creek Pkwy., Suite 1802, Silver Spring, MD 20901. Phone (301) 565-3951. Part Time, Weekends/Eves., computer instructors with excellent working knowledge of Apple IIGS. Expe- rience with ProDOS, Apple //e, //c and AppleWorks pre- ferred, Class locations—Laurel and Rockville, MD. Send resume of computer experience to Laura Garner, Clinton Computer, 9636 Ft. Meade Rd., Laurel MD 20707. Part Time, Weekends/Eves., computer instructors with excellent working knowledge of the Apple Macin- tosh. Experience with MacWrite, MacPaint essential. Other software experience a plus. Class locations—Laurel and Rockville, MD. Send resume of computer experience to Laura Garner, Clinton Comptuer, 9636 Ft. Meade Rd., Laurel MD 20707. Economic Development: Project design and implem- entation. Professional(s) proficient in Apple or other PC applications needed—versatile individuals to work in iso- lated, laid-back, tropical developing country environment. Send letter and resume to Arthur K. Burditt, State Econo- mist, Box 958, Moen, Truk, FSM 96942. Macintosh WP/Graphics Support Needed: Several positions available with a small, expanding Macintosh- 6 Washington Apple Pi - March 1988 We continue our portfolio of WAP volunteers, without apolo- gies to the scotch whiskey whose ads suggested the format. Name: Ray Hobbs Occupation: Mgr. of an Appli cation Development Dept. Residence: Laurel, MD Computer: Apple IIgs & Mac+ Favorite Drink: Kona Coffee Favorite Software: The Per- former (music synthesis) and Turbo Pascal compiler Service to WAP: Chairman of Assembly Lang. SIG, PI-SIG, Music SIG, Review Coord., Journal Dist. Coord., Director- at-Large, Vice Pres., and author of "The Musical Apple" and “Button Down Guide to the Photo tyPeerCombes Apple" columns. Name: Ted Meyer Occupation: Aerospace Engineer Residence: McLean, VA Computer: Apple IIgs with 1.5MB RAM Favorite Drink: Squirt Favorite Software: Leisure Suit Larry in the Land of the Lounge Lizards Service to WAP: Chairman of Ilgs SIG and Tutorial Instructor Photo by Peter Combes * March 1988 * Sunday Monday Tuesday _ Wednesday _ Thursday Friday Saturday 1 Apple I +,e,c [2 Mac Progmrs. {3 4 5 Introduction Beginning 7:30 PM Office; | GameSIG to HyperTalk Tutorial #1 Pub SIG 7:30 PM Tutorial - Office 7:30-9PM Office] 7:30 PM PEPCO | Office 9:00 AM - Noon 6 Deadline for 47 8 Apple I +,e,c 19 10 11 12 HyperTalk Journal articles | PI-SIG Beginning Executive Board | Stock SIG Adv. Problem is Tuesday 7:30 PM Tutorial #2 7:30 PM 8:00 PM Solving - Office March 8___-->_ || Office 7:30-9PM Office] Office Office 9:00 AM - Noon 13 14 Introduction 15 Apple I 16 Introduction [17 18 19 Excel: Chart- to Macintosh | Beginning to Word 3.01 | Pascal SIG ing & Database Tutorial - Office | Tutorial #3 (AW) Tutorial - Office | 8:00 PM Tutorial - Office 7:15 - 10 PM 7:30-9PM Office} 7:30 - 9:30 PM_] Office 9:00 AM - Noon 20 21 Intermediate ]22 Mutual Fund [23 24 25 26 WAP Meet- Mac Skills Sub Group Apple /// SIG ing 9:00 AM Tutorial - Office | (Stock SIG) 7:30 PM Gedrgetown U. 7:15 - 10 PM 8 PM Office Office Pre-Clinical Sci. 27 28 Productivity }29 30 31 on Your Mac Tutorial - Office 7:15 - 10 PM * April 1988 * Sunday Monday Tuesday _ Wednesday _ Thursday Friday Saturday L 2 3 Deadline for [4 5 Apple IIgs 6 Mac Progmrs. |7 8 9 Introduction to Joumal articles | PI-SIG Beginning 7:30 PM Office; | GameSIG ReadySetGo 4.0 is Thursday 7:30 PM Tutorial #1 dPub SIG 7:30 PM 9-12 AM April 7 Office 7:30-9PM Office | 7:30 PM PEPCO | Office Office 10 11 Introduction |12 Apple gs 113 14 15 16 to Macintosh Beginning Executive Board } Stock SIG Tutorial - Office | Tutorial #2 7:30 PM 8:00 PM 7:15 -10 PM__|_7:30-9PM Office] Office Office 17 18 Intermediate {19 Apple IIgs 20 Excel SIG 21 22 23 WAP Meet- Mac Skills Beginning Meeting Pascal SIG ing 9:00 AM Tutorial - Office | Tutorial #3 7:15 PM 8:00 PM Georgetown U. 7:15 - 10 PM 7:30-9PM Office | Office Office Pre-Clinical Sci. 24 25 Productivity ]26 Mutual Fund [27 28 29 30 on Your Mac Sub Group Apple /// SIG Tutorial - Office | (Stock SIG) 7:30 PM 7:15-10PM [8 PM Office Office SIGNEWS Apple IGS SIG is currently meeting on the Monday after the regular WAP meeting. See IIGS Stuff elsewhere in this Journal or call Ted Meyer at (703) 893-6845 eves., 7 - 8 PM. Apple /// SIG meets on the 4th Wednesday at 7:30 PM in the WAP office. The next meeting is March 23. AppleWorks SIG offers two meeting options: 8:00AM before the regular WAP meeting and 12 Noon after the meeting. Attend either or both. AV-SIG is the new SIG for arts and video. For information call Jay Williams at 728-1009. dPub SIG (Desktop Publishing) meets on the 1st Wednesday of the month at 7:30 PM in the PEPCO Auditorium at 1900 Penn. Ave., NW. The next meeting is on March 2. EDSIG is the education special interest group. For information, call Peter Combes at 251-6369. Fed(eral) SIG - Call the Chairman for details. GameSIG meets on the 1st Thursday of the month at the office, 7:30 PM. The next meeting will be on March 3. HyperCard SIG meets after the WAP monthly meeting. Mac Programmers meet on the 1st Wednesday of the month at the office, 7:30 PM. Next meeting is March 2. MusicSIG meets on the 2nd Saturday of each month. Call Bill Bittle (301) 236-9898 for details. PIG, the Pascal Interest Group, meets on the 3rd Thursday of each month at 8:00 PM at the office. The next meeting will be on March 17. PI-SIG (Program Interface) meets on the 1st Monday of the month, 7:30 PM at the office. Next meeting is March 7. Stock SIG meetings are on the second Thursday of each month at the office, 8 PM. The next meeting is March 10. Telecom SIG - Call the Chairman for details. eo Washington Apple Pi - March 1988 7 Have spoblen? The following, club members have agreed to help other members. PLEASE, keepin mind that the people listed are VOLUNTEERS. Respect all telephone restrictions, where listed, and no calls after 10:00 PM except where indicated. Users of the Hotline users are reminded that calls regarding commercial software packages should be limited to those you have purchased. Please do not call about copied software for which youhave no documentation. Telephone numbers are home phones unless otherwise specified. When requests are made to retum calls, long distance Deluxe Paint II Rich Sanders 103) 450-4371 GS-BASIC Fox 652-4328 Multiscribe GS Ray 1) 647-9192 m/Pinpoint oar We ‘Ward (til 9 pm) (703) 830-3720 Telecommunications Dale Smith et He & Utilities: ProSel Fox Pro/Mi Par tiacon | lultiscribe Sim. 103) 525-9395, 816 Paint/Writr's Ch. El Andy Gavin 103) 734-3049 will be collect. General Anple Dave ve Harvey 103) 578-4621 Robert Martin 301) 498-6074 Accounting Packages Accountant auntana( Dec. Sup. ) Mar Pankin 103) 524-0937 BPI Pro; Jaxon Brown 301) 350-3283 BP & | Howardsof (Tax) Gis Grover 615) 638-1525 & Sense Bary Fo 717) 652-4328 Pon Accountant Leon Raesly '301) 439-1799 Howardsoft (Tax) Peoa 1 Raesly 301) 439-1799 APPLE SSC Bernie Benson '301) 951-5294 AppleWorks Ken DeVito Bob Martz en 795-5689 ay Settle 1) 647-9192 Chisls Baumgardner 703 538-2316 Biack 103) 369-3366 AppleWorks Data Base Nope Jopling 301) 261-3886 Communications Packages ASCII E; Express Dave Harvey 703) 578-4621. Talk is .toPt. Barry Fox '717) 652-4328 arabe cP Comm: Bemie Benson (301) 951-5294 dBase I Paal Rublin, 1) 261-4124 taples 103) 255-6955 dBase II & II iy ib (BBS 101) 490-7484 Jim Kellock (day’ 101) 986-9522 Leon Reesly 301) 439-1799 Data Perfect Leon Raesly '301) 439-1799 PFS Bill Ene 103 as 2103 Profiler 3.0 Barry 652-4328 Dvorak Keyboard Ginny Spevak 303 362-3887 lard Disks CMC (not CMS) Barry Fox 17) 652-4328 Corvus & Omninet Tom Vier (BBS) 101) 986-8085 Corvus Leon Reesly (301) 439-1799 Sider Jaxon Brown 50-328: Le (Aza aot af teyer, F=Pascal, MeMechins) nguages (A=, =Integer, P=! |» M= ine) ~“ PPro” Louis Biggie Ny 9613977 a Peter Combes 101) 251-6369 A Leon Racsly 101) 439-1799 we 103) 569-2294 Roy Hats s (BBS) 301) 490-7484 301) 445-1583 Brice Fi ae 11) 340-7038 o; erating Systems Bre Adam Robie 460-6537 Art Wilson 774-8043 ProDOS Leon Raesly 439-1799 John Love 569-22! Enric Rall 596. ProDOS 8 and 16 Barry Fox 652-4328 Print Shop Thomas O’Hagan 593-9683 Newsroom Carol Thomas -126 SBredshe D(MagicCale) Toon Resiy 851795 ‘3 lagicl .2¢s] ' Sipercale Ver 30 ly 50-1799 me rsd: 933-3065 fiat ProSel Barry Fox 717) 652-4328 Wore essors ‘Walt Francis 574: Apple Writer IT Dianne 530-7881 Leon Raesly 439-1799 Gutenberg. Harris Silverstone 435-3582 Letter & Simply Perfect Tee, Raesly 11) 439-1799 Magic Window andII_ Joyce C. Little 11) 321-2989 Mouse Write Barry Fox 717) 652-4328 ScreenWriter II Peter Combes 301) 251-6369 Gene Ce 202) 363-2342 Word Handler Jon Vay pel 301) 593-3316 Word Perfect James Edwards '301) 585-3002 Henry Donahoe '202) 298-9107 Word Star Art Wilson 301) 774-8043 Dana Riel 11) 350-3283 General Barry Fox 17) 652-4328 General/Finder David Todd Le 11) 228-0237 General/Monitor Neil Walter 301) 946-4526 General alntworks Plus Paul Tarantino 103) 455-7670 ie At Morgan Jopling (301) 261-3886 Andi cam 103) 734-3049 Jim 103) 525-9395 8 Washington Apple Pi - March 1988 General Donald Schmitt (717) 334-3265 Art and Video Jay Williams (301) 9398910 Data Bases dBase Mac John Trotter 101) 340-3278 Helix Jim Berry * (703) 662-0640 Harve vine }01) 299-9380 MacLion Mark Miani 102) 333-0098 MS-File john Love 103) 569-2294 Omnis 3 and 3+ Paul Tabler 103) 278-8657 Alpher. 101) 630-21 OverVue Li T. Tom) DeMay Jr. (301) 461-1798 h 101) 654-878 Desktop Publishing & Graphics Jay Rohr 01) 655-0875 laker Kate Burton * (301) 621-6351 Eleanor m Sontag }01) 251-0695 ReadySetGo Jim Grahe 103) 370-5737 Me Milrod 101) 464-5981 Graphics Bill Baldridge 101) 779-8271 Full Paint & SuperPaint Bill Baldridge (301) 779-8271 HyperCard Jol ve 169-2294 fet Chap Sommer 1) 474-3467 301) 989-9708 Inside Mac 330-1422 MacDraft Jon ards 379-2960 MacDraw Tom Berilla 434-3256 Tom Parrish (301) 654-8784 John Spencer 11) 730-1084 MacMoney Chuck Sicard 101) 963-2879 MacProject Jay Lucas 103) 751-3332 ner ‘erminal Jon Hardis, 101) 330-1422 ipxseg C. Little 101) 321-2989 ronet roming, MS-BASIClomn Love 03) 368-2704 ol e y Speeedcheets i Pevig id Marganstein 101) 972-426: Graphics 202) 797-0879 Bev eae 01) 972-4263 Mark 103) 524-093' Be CER & Nancy Byrd 5783440 IC! Multiplan join Boblitz 101) 356-9384 John Love 103) 569-; Sidekick Ray Hobbs (BBS) 01) 490-7484 Telecommunications Eric Rall 01) 59 ThinkTank/More Jim 103) 370-5737 Tom Parrish }01) 654-8784 Word Mary Milrod 101) 464-5981. WriteNow, Bill Baldridge (01) 779-8271 Franklin’ Bob Martz 101) 795-: — Games - Apple 0 Charles Don Hall 01) 864-2715 fu Me R oy Hebe Bes) $301, 490-7484 a lol Len 1) 439-1799 Las BASIC iM ota bbs (BBS) Bor 2907484 a lol Math/OR Apps. ke 524-0937 Anchr Mrk 12&BIZ Compleremy P Parker 01) 229-2578 Hayes Smartmodem Bernie 3 Benson }01) 951-5294 Mate Site Kay Hebos (35S) 01} 4907484 ic lems + 101 fers=General == Walt 202) 966-5742 Ton Rony 01) 439-17 MX-80 Jeff Dillon 101) 662-2070 Okidata Michael Proffitt '301) 874-2270 Stat. Packages David Morganstein 101) 972-4263, Stock Market Robert Wood 103) 893-9591 cS i 101) 596-0004 Time-Sharing Dave Harvey 103) 578-5621 * Calls until midnight are ok. Ithas come to our attention that those of you not over 65, and not blind, would not get a correct standard deduction in Form 1040, line 32a, as it is presently constituted. If you find yourself in that situation, you can make the following changes in four formulas found in column I of your template. The changes are underlined below: (RS87FORMI: ROWS 465 - 468) (IRS87.A: — ROWS 342 - 345) COL 1 1. @IF(G407=1,@CHOOSE(F46941.2540,3750,4500),0) 2. @IF(@OR(G407=2,G407=5),@ CHOOSE (F469 +1.3760,5600,6200,6800,7400),0) 3. @IF(G407=3,@ CHOOSE(F469+1.1880,3100,3700, 4300,4900).0) 4, @IF(G407=4,@ CHOOSE (F469+1,2540,5150,5900).0) To make the EDIT changes: . Move cursor to first cell to be edited. Press OPEN-APPLE-U Arrow to first insertion point (underlined) Type in underlined text, press RETURN Cursor to next cell to be edited. Repeat steps 2 thru 6 When all four cells have been edited, SAVE file to DISK If you itemize deductions, or if you (or your spouse in a joint return) are over 65 orblind, these modifications are unnecessary. MAVEaYNe by Katherine M. ave At the January meeting of the Annapolis Apple Slice, a new suggestion was implemented. Three-by-five cards were handed out to attendees, to be used for any questions or information required during the meeting. These were collected at the end of the meeting and discussed. WAP Journal submissions were encouraged by offering a prize to one of those of those writing an article. Thenames would be placed in a hat, and each six months a discount at a local computer store would be the prize for the lucky name drawn. Ray Settle and Barry Conner offered to write articles and will send them to the Secretary or President for submission to WAP. President Craig Contardi announced the new BABBS sys- tem, compliments of Clinton Computer. A new name for the system will be chosenat the February meeting. Also,asub-board system will be set up for student participation with members of AAS, who will answer questions on school subjects. The new name of the sub-board will be named at the February meeting, but suggestions came in such as “Dear Babby” or “Dear Babbs”. Code names will be used instead of members’ actual names. Preferential treatment will be given to Annapolis Apple Slice members for access to the bulletin board. The phone number is (301) 974-0221. A motion was made, seconded and passed that the student membership dues be reduced to $5 per year. The subject of the program was telecommunications in the area. Grayson Merrill gave a very thorough talk on telecom- puting in Anne Arundel County, and Ray Settle told about telecomputing in Baltimore County. The program for February is again scheduled to be on telecommunications—this time to cover “User Participation: How, When, Where and Why.” The March program is scheduled to be on taxes. Allmeetings are held at Anne Arundel Community College in the lecture room of Careers Hall on the second Saturday of the month from 10:00AM to Noon. 6 SOMMERCIA FOR SALE: Analog interface and control for 8 channels of input and output, by Omega Engineering, for Apple II. Thermo- couples included. Originally $1200—now $450. Call (301) 694-0681. “The Mouse Droppings Second Book of Macintosh Hints.” 110 pages, spiral binding, all new hints. Large index ALSO includes every hint in the original Mouse Droppings Hint Book. Either volume, $8.95 postpaid. Order from author, Philip C. Russell, 1420 SW Crest Circle, Waldport, OR 97394. @ Authorized Applied Engineering Dealer Satellite Scientific All Modems Hayes Compatible Practical Peripherals 2400 Modem $190 Avatex 1200HC Modem $125 New - Avatex 1200e $90 Orange Micro C/Mac/GS $75 (Any parallel becomes Imagewriter Compatible) Panasonic 1080i Printer $180 Applied Engineering GSRAM 1.5 Meg $call Cables $18 Allan Levy 301-340-7839 Satellite Scientific 15200-A Shady Grove Road, Suite 800 Rockville, MD 20850 Call for all your computer software and hardware needs Washington Apple Pi- March 1988 9 WORDPERFECT 1 1. 1 (APPLE Il) ne by Bob. Bob Oringel. by Bob Grndel The question is sometimes raised, “Why do I need anything more complex in the way of a word processor, than the word processing module of AppleWorks?” “Well”, the response comes, “it depends very much on what you are writing.” And of course, this response sounds so terribly elitist. Butindeed, if your writing comes close to being a professional endeavor, you need as many contextual features in your word processing program as you can get, without resorting to add-ons. Add-ons, such as separate macro programs and separate spell checkers are often very necessary, but they become available to you at additional cost, and more importantly, you must often spend additional valuable time leaving the word processing program, booting and using the add-on, and then re-booting and retuming to the word processor, unless you are working from a RAM-disk. WordPerfect is a word processor which has many of—but unfortunately not all—the peripheral facilities that the profes- sional writing user might want, like perhaps a thesaurus or an index-maker. WordPerfect is a classic program, which can be found and appreciated in the MS-DOS world as well. It was translated and adapted from the IBM and Data General versions for the Apple Tleand IIc. It comes to the user on six unprotected disk sides, with a well written, bound-and-boxed loose leaf manual. The docu- mentation contains a thorough tutorial, and there is a stick-on keyboard template which is to be mounted above the top row of keys of the IIc or Ile. The template labels most of WordPerfect’s functions. These functions can be performed by using the Open Apple or Closed Apple keys in conjunction with another key. The fact that the template was deemed necessary points up another consideration of WordPerfect. It has a lot of commands, and it therefore is not the easiest program to learn. The other side of that coin, is that once learned, it stays with you, like riding a bike. Letus takea look atsome of WordPerfect’s features. Itbegins with a setup procedure where the user sets date and time, and indicates his printer(s), slot, and interface. It continues with Binding Width, which shifts text to the right on odd numbered pages, and to the left on even, allowing for holes or other binding on two-sided pages; a feature named Block, which when ON, permits a number of print options; cut and paste, printer-font change, footnoting, super and sub-scripting, page formatting, help screens throughout, mail merge, automatic page number- ing, macros and macro chaining, statistical typing, including equations, and a built-in spell checker. WordPerfect is a comprehensive word processor indeed. Itis a product of WordPerfect Corporation, of Orem, Utah. (Ed. Note: Also see Walt Francis’ review of Word Perfect in the Dec. 1985 issue of the WAP Journal .) G 10 Washington Apple Pi - March 1988 For those many of us who use AppleWorks daily, a tremen- dous amount of sincere thanks should be given to programmer Randy Brandt. Randy has put together an assortment of Patches to AppleWorks TWO, known collectively as PatchMania. The collection comes on an unprotected disk, with six pages of documentation in a text file. The patches are simplicity themselves, to install on a backup copy of AppleWorks, and they include: one, to expand the number of file copies that you can print, from the usual limit of 9, to255, with credit to Alan Bird for its creation; a group of four patches which gives you a choice of: (1) swaps the blinking underscore, and the inverse block cursors, (2) makes Apple- Works use the Ie routines instead of the special 16 bit routines on the IIgs (3) eliminates the message and keystroke, “Press Space bar to continue”, (4) eliminates the message and input, “enter today’s date”, which is the second screen on the Program disk. This one caused my //e to beep frantically, and it froze the program in mid-stride. Watch out for this one! Next is a group of patches for expanded memory card users, which skips pre-loading of AppleWorks modules entirely, or permits a pre-load of only one of the modules. If you are running AppleWorks from a RAMDisk, cancel pre-load. It wastes time at bootup, says Brandt; a Word Processor file load patch which returns you to the exact spot where you left off when the file was last saved; a file order patch, which changes the order in which AppleWorks displays its files, to save you time; a TimeOut FileMaster patch which repeats the previous patch on FileMaster (if you have it); a fix for the Control-@ AppleWorks bug; apatch which cancels the “Yes/No” question screens, and always an- swers Yes; and finally, as if the above were not enough for $20, apatch which changes the AppleWorks error buzz toa beep. This is a disk worth owning, if you are an AppleWorks TWO user. PatchMania is available by mail from Jem Software, at PO Box 20920, El Cajon, CA 92021. 6 HARD DRIVES *iZ" ME Sale! Uconly : 20 MEG Sider $525 | | ProAPP 10 or 20 MEG 40 MEG Sider 795 | | Special Price - $50 above Back-up Tape Drive 450 manuf. cost 40 MEG/w integral Tape | 1295 60 MEG CMS 895 All ProDOS or CP/M Conversion for Siders $45. (All above plus $12 shipping) PLS, Inc. (301) 439-1799 (ask for Lee Raesly) Apple Discounts from VF Associates SPECIAL OF THE MONTH: FINGERPRINT AUTOMATIC GRAPHICS PARALLEL PRINTER CARD: $59.00 MACINTOSH CORNER @ DS/DD DISKS, BOX OF 10 .. $12.00 DS/DD DISKS, CASE OF 50 . $55.00 © 10 DISK STORAGE BOX ..... $2.50 36 DISK STORAGE BOX .. aE CABLE . @ MODEM CAB: $19. S IMAGEWRITER RIBBON - $9.00 @MAC+ TO MAC CONVERSION CABLE ....... $7.00 5% INCH DISKETTES & STORAGE @SS/DD, BOX OF 10 . $5.00 @ SS/DD, PAK OF 25 . $11.00 @ SS/DD, CASE OF 100 .. $39.00 SS/DD, CARTON OF 500 . “st 75.00 2-NOTCH/DS/DD, BOX OF 40. $6.00 2-NOTCH/DS/DD, PAK OF 25. $13.00 2-NOTCHDSI/DD, CASE OF 100 . $45.00 © 10 DISKETTE CASES ..... RED, YELLOW) 75 FLIP TOP DISK CASE ... $11.00 PRINTERS CITIZEN 120-D . $179.00 © STAR NX-1000 ...... $199.00 © PANASONIC 1080i/2 $209.00 * ‘© PANASONIC 1091/2 $239.00 * © CITIZEN MSP-15e, WIDE ... $399.00 @ PANASONIC P3131, LQ. $349.00 * @NEC P6,LQ ........ +» $495.00 PRINTER ACCESSORIES @ 1000 SHEETS OF PAPER . $19.00 © 2500 SHEETS OF PAPER ... $29.00 © PANASONIC/CITIZEN/EPSON RIBBONS ......... tnasre $7 © GRAPHICS PARALLEL INTERFACE CARD......... $59.00 @ PRINTER STAND $14.00 @ SWITCH BOX, 2 WAY ...... $39.00 © SWITCH BOX, 4 WAY ~ $59.00 DISK DRIVES © 5-1/4" FLOPPY DRIVE . $95.00 * @ CONTROLLER .. + $49.00 CALL FOR OUR FREE CATALOG! LONG DISTANCE: The new VF toll-free ordering numberis now operating. Call 800-666-STAR. For local number, see below. UPS SHIPPING $4.00 per order plus $6.00 per printer or monitor. Computers: $30.00 PLEASE NOTE: Add 10% per 30 days for purchase orders. Prices changes often. Price on day of purchase applies MONITORS MED. RES COMPOSITE ..... $89.00 @ HI RES COMPOSITE/GREEN . $129.00 © HIRES COMPOSITE/AMBER . $139.00 @RGBCOLOR............. $269.00 MODEMS © 300/1200 EXT. ..........05 $95.00 © 300/1200/2400 EXT. $189.00 SOUND & VIDEO DEVICES @ MUSIC SYNTHESIZER .... $149.00 @COMPUTEREYES .... - $119.00 CHIPS @ EPROMS 2716/2732/2764 @ EPROMS 27128/27256 @64K, SETOF8 ... © 256K, SET OF 8 .. GENERAL ITEMS SURGE PROTECTOR ....... $9.00 © 6-OUTLETS WITH SURGE PROTECT ...... MINI POWER CENTER ..... © CABLE GENDER CHANGER © CABLES (S OR P) @ GLARE FILTER © MOBILE COMPUTER STAND . $139.00 © COMPATIBLE COMPUTERS @ LASER 128 ... $395.00 @ LASER 128EX . . $475.00 © VF PC, APPLE li & IBM COMPATIBLE ............ $909.00 VF-PC, IBM COMPATIBLE .. $560.00 @ VF-AT, IBM COMPATIBLE .. $920.00 © VF-386, IBM COMPATIBLE . $2060.00 GAME I/O DEVICES © STANDARD JOYSTICK - $29.00 @CH MACH Ill JOYSTICK .... $39.00 1/0 PORT EXPANDER ...... $25.00 © 9-16 OR 16-9 ADAPTER $9.00 OMOUSE cicaaia sci guniact. $75.00 SLOT EXPANSION MULTI-RAM, 64K MEMORY . $119.00 320K MEMORY . . $150.00 512K MEMORY . . $182.00 @ RGB OPTION ON MULTI-RAM . . ADD $40.00 SERI-ALL . . $99.00 ACCELERATOR . $179.00 © EDD 4 PLUS EXACT BIT COPY BOARD) 63 wink oid $69.00 @ MULTIPLE-SLOT CHASSIS . $149.00 @ SINGLE-SLOT EXTENDER .. $29.00 © QUICK-LOADER PROM BD . $149.00 PROM BURNER .......... $119.00 SPECIAL PERIPHERALS @ COOLING FAN WITH SURGE PROTECT .. - $39.00 @ POWER SUPPLY ..... - $69.00 NO SLOT CLOCK . .. $39.00 SHIFT KEY MODKIT........ $8.00 RF MODULATOR $39.00 APPLE SOFTWARE @ COPY Il + ‘ $29.00 @ ESSENTIAL DATA DUPLICATOR esse secre $25.00 @ PLusWoRKS (RUNS. ApPLEWORKS: ‘ON I+) . been ee eee $19.00 © “WRITE CHOICE” WORD PROCESSOR . $29.00 APPLE lic CORNER SECOND DISK DR FOR lic .. $95.00 @ HOTLINK TO PARALLEL PRINTER . ++» $55.00 @GRAPPLER C . . $95.00 © PRINTER OR MODEM CABLE ........... $20.00 © DISK DRIVE CABLE AORPTER bc bee irc ces . $14.00 © 9-18 GAME I/0 ADAPTER .... $9.00 @ MULTI-RAM CX, 256K $239.00 @ MULTI-RAM CX, 512K ..... $270.00 * DENOTES NEW PRICE © DENOTES NEW ITEM 8231 Woodmont Avenue, Bethesda, MD 20814 @ (301)652-4232 Bulletin Board Service (Modem) Bethesda @ (301) 320-6098 STORE HOURS: Monday through Thursday: 12 noon - 8 p.m. Friday: 12noon-6 p.m. @ Saturday: 11 a.m.-5p.m. Washington Apple Pi - March 1988 11 Mailbag. Cyrus Roton, Editor of the Ridgecrest Apple User Group Newsletter, responded to our comments regarding the use of hi-res graphics page 2. Cyrus correctly points out that if you use HGR to initialize hi-res page 2, it will clear out the whole page, removing any background or other non-animated objects. Instead, he recommends preceding draws on hi-res page 1 with POKE 230,32 and preceding draws on hi-res page 1 with POKE 230,64. These POKEs allow you to draw on the indicated page without changing which page is currently displayed for the user. The “soft switches” at 49236 and 49237 can be POKEd to switch the viewing page after the drawing is completed. Errata. Last month, we listed a program to tum on shadow- ing on a Ilgs after running Appleworks 2.0. Unfornately, one number was left off the data statement. Here is the complete Program: 10 REM fix for IIgs shadow shutdown 20 FOR I=0 TO 10: READ X: POKE 768+1,X:NEXT I 30 DATA 173, 53, 192, 41, 160, 9, 8, 141, 53, 192, 96 40 CALL 768 50 END I regret any inconvenience which the missing 160 may have caused. Q. How do I list my program to the printer in IIgs BASIC? A. You can use the following immediate mode commands (at the ] prompt.) OPEN ".PRINTER” FOR OUTPUT AS#1 OUTPUT #1: LIST: OUTPUT #0 CLOSE #1 Q. What is the most sneaky and subtle problem in converting such Applesoft programs? A. Applesoft BASIC assumes that all numbers including con- stants will be floating point numbers unless you specify an integer variable (by ending a variable name with a %.) However, in GSBASIC, if a numeric constant does not contain a decimal point, it is treated as an integer. Asaresult, you may be truncating fractions when you don’t intend it. For example, the Applesoft statement: 10 X=INT(2+3*RND(1)) will generate a range of random numbers between 2 and 5. However, in GSBASIC, X will always be 2. The correct translation should be: 10 X=INT(2.0+3.0*RND(1)) . Q. On the Apple IIgs, how do you install fonts? A. Placeacopy of the font file in the FONTS folder which in turn isin the SYSTEM folder of your startup disk. Youcan obtain additional Apple IIgs fonts from your local user group. A program called “Font Munger” runs on the Macintosh and converts Mac fonts into IIgs format. As a result, most of the common Mac fonts are now available on the IIgs. Note that although your FONTS folder can holda very large numberof 12 Washington Apple Pi - March 1988 font files, some applications have limits on the number of fonts which they will display on their Font menus. Q. My Igs wouldnotboot properly when! installedaRAMcard in Slot 7. When I removed my RAM card, the IIgs booted correctly from the disk in Slot 5. Also, when I set the Control Panel to boot from Slot 5, the machine will function correctly with the card installed. What’s happening? A. Before the IIgs, all of the data necessary for starting your computer had to be stored in the ROM of the earlier Apple Il’s. Because these machines could not “remember” custom- izing information after the power was turned-off, a conven- tion was necessary to determine the location of the startup disk. The process for searching for a startup disk is called a “slotscan.” On the old II’s, the ROM would startin slot 7 and work down to lower numbered slots until it found a disk drive control card. It would then try to read startup information from that drive. If no disk was in that drive, the drive would continue spinning until your pressed RESET. On the IIgs, your selection of a startup device is stored in battery-powered RAM and is remembered between startups, This is set by the “Startup Slot” option on the Slots menu of the control panel. If you select SCAN (the default setting), then the ROM will awake peripheral cards in the process of looking fora startup disk. You have discovered that specify- ing the intended slot instead of using the SCAN will avoid cards in high numbered slots from interfering with the startup process. Designating RAM CARD as the Startup Slot will use the RAM card which you created from the Control Panel’s RAM disk as your startup disk. It will not look for RAM cards in your peripheral slots. If you designate the RAMdiskas the Startup Slot, remember to change thecontrol panel to a different setting before you tun off your IIgs. Q. What is a “stack?” A. A stack is a type of data structure widely used in computers. Ttis like the stack of trays in a cafeteria line—the last item you placed on the stack will be the next item to be pulled off. The microprocessors used in the Apple II—the 6502 and the 65C816—both have a special stack register to keep track of the location of the top of a stack of information used by all programs on the Apple IJ. Everytime your Applesoft pro- gram calls a subroutine or your IIgs calls a ROM routine, information is left on the stack for later retrieval and use. If too much information is left on the stack before being retriev- ed, you can get a STACK OVERFLOW error message. Q. How doIconvertnumbers between decimal and hexadecimal on the IIgs? A. You can use the Monitor. To enter the monitor type CALL -151 at the Applesoft ] prompt. You will get a * prompt character. To convert from hexademical to decimal, type the hex number followed by an equal sign and then press return. contd. For example, *FF= <return> The Monitor will respond with 255. To convert from decimal to hex, type an equal sign followed by the number. For example, *=255 <return> The Monitor will respond with FF. To return to Applesoft, type 3D0G and retum. If you have IIgs BASIC, you can use two built-in functions. For example, 10 PRINT TEN(“FF”) will convert from hex to decimal, and 10 PRINT HEX$(255) will convert decimal to hex. }. I have an Apple //e without a clock card. How can I get ProDOS to store dates in my disk directories. A. The best method is to include an Applesoft program on each startup disk which will prompt the user for the date and then set it for later use by ProDOS. (On computers with clock cards, ProDOS automatically finds and stores the date.) From the Applesoft prompt, type NEW and then the follow- ing program. After entering the program, save it with the filename STARTUP. This will cause ProDOS to run it whenever you boot a startup disk. 10 REM *** SET DATE 20 PRINT “SET PRODOS DATE ROUTINE” 30 INPUT “DAY>";DY 40 IF DY<1 OR DY>31 THEN 30 50 INPUT “MONTH>”;MO 60 IF MO<1 OR MO>12 THEN 50 70 INPUT “YEAR>”";YR 80 IF YR<88 OR YR>99 THEN 70 90 POKE 49041,2*YR+(MO>7) 100 POKE 49040,DY+32*(MO-8*(MO>7)) 110 PRINT CHRS(4);"CAT” 120 END . I’musing ProDOS version 1.1.1 ona//e with a Thunderclock and it appears to be storing 1988 dates on my disks as 1982. What is wrong? . The Thunderclock does not keep track of the current year. Hence, the ProDOS date routines will assign a year based upon a comparison of the day of the week with the date. This method will only work for the seven years ending in 1987. The best solution is to upgrade to ProDOS 8, version 1.4. . A few months ago, you printed a table of machine identifica- tion bytes which will allow a program to tell which type of computer is being used. I don’t know assembly language, so please tell me how to use this information from Applesoft? . Using Applesoft, you can determine the identity of the machine except for telling the difference between an en- hanced //e or a IIgs. (A short assembly routine is needed for this last step.) 10 GOSUB 100: END 100 I=PEEK (64435) 110 IF I=56 THEN PRINT “II”:RETURN 120 IF I=234 THEN GOTO 220 130 IF I<>6 THEN PRINT “ERROR”:RETURN 140 I=PEEK (64448) 150 IF I=234 THEN PRINT “classic //e”: RETURN 160 IF I=224 THEN PRINT “enhanced //e or Ilgs”:RETURN 170 IF 10 THEN PRINT “ERROR”:RETURN 180 I=PEEK (64447) 190 IF I=0 THEN PRINT “//c (3.5 ROM)”:RETURN 200 IF I=3 THEN PRINT “//c (mem. exp.)”:RETURN 210 PRINT “classic //c”: RETURN 220 IF PEEK(64286)=173 THEN PRINT “TI+”;RETURN 230 PRINT “/// EMULATION”:RETURN 6 Photo by Peter Combes Tom Warrick and Ray Hobbs discuss Apple II meeting DEALERS CALL! UNIV & SCHOOL P. WELCOME! ONE MEG RAM BOARDS? OTHER PERIPHERALS! WE'VE GOT EM! 64K/80 Column Bd Ile $35 THE Super Expanders! Super 64K/80 Col lle $49 S.E. ligs OK Now $49 |- 16K RAM Board I+ $35 S.E. lle *OK Now $59 128K RAM Board I+ $65 SE. llc *OK 1/88 $69 | 80 Column Board U+ $49 SE. lt * OK 3/88 $79 | Super Serial Bd Il+/e $49 Z80 CP/M Board II+/e $35 Above with 256K = Numeric Keypad lle $35 Above with 512K = CALL | Graphic Par Bd w/Cble $45 Above with MEG = Joystick $15 & $25 * FREE Appleworks RAM lathe A/B SWITCHBOX! Expereion Soar! Centronics or Serial $29 QUIET COOLING FANS! ligs No Audio Noise $25 ADD ON DISK DRIVE: 5% \l+/e w/Surge Protect $27 Specify Your Model $119 TWO YEAR WARRANTY ON ALL PRODUCTS CALL OR WRITE FOR ILLUSTRATED LISTINGS! ADD $3 Shipping / COD ADD $2 / VISA/MC OKAY 0% NEXO DISTRIBUTION 914 E. 8TH ST., Suite 109, National City, CA 92050 (619) 474-3328 10AM-6PM Mon-Fri Washington Apple Pi - March 1988 13 APPLEEST Solutions ne Which Apple” Is the Right One for You? Lifelines: A Guide to Sup- port Services for Apple Computer Owners Telecom |: Having Fun (and Staying Sane) Telecommuni- cating on the // Telecom II: Tips for Experi- enced Telecommunicators 14 Washington Apple Pi - March 1988 Solutions New Graphic Capabilities of the Apple /GS Composing and Performing Music on the Apple //GS ‘The New Look of Game Soft- ware on the Apple /GS Managing Home Finances on an Apple // Computer Programming |: Using the //GS Toolbox Programming I]: For Experts Only Future Tech: CD-ROM, Voice Synthesis, and Optical Technology every Apple II question you can think of. Here’s what we mean. Best Home and Educational Software for the Macintosh” Dozens of New Product Spotlights Solutions fc Answers to All of Your Ques- tions About the Apple //GS Desktop Publishing: Class- room Applications Apple and the Special Needs Student looking for problems. 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With a full schedule of seminars and conferences, the largest collection of Apple II software ever compiled, and more than 200 companies exhibiting products that answer Apple’s Classroom of Tomorrow: A Glimpse into an Ideal World Three Favorite Programs by Five Classroom Experts Science Through Simulations Creative Classroom Applica- tions of AppleWorks® Critical Non-Technical Skills for Computing Coordinators Telecommunications Appli- cations for Classroom Teachers Educational Computing in Japan, Europe and the USSR Educational Applications of HyperCard® Educational Roundtables in Elementary Math and Lan- guage Arts, Science, Social Studies, High School Math and Language Arts, Music, Art, and Foreign Languages Launching and Operating the Efficient Home Office AppleWorks I: Introduction to Features and Techniques AppleWorks II: Sophisti- cated Applications An Impartial Review of Apple // Word Processors The Great Apple // Data Base Showdown Desktop Publishing Applications Desktop Presentations Putting HyperCard to Work in the Personal Office Solutions From the Top Keynote Addresses by Apple Chief Operating Officer Del Yocam; Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak; and Boston Computer Society President Jonathan Rotenberg Educational Keynotes by Tom Snyder, Chairman, Tom Snyder Productions; software designer Adeline Naiman; and Apple Class- room of Tomorrow Director Martin Engel The AppleFest Intensive One-Day Workshops: featur- ing small classes, top workshop leaders, valuable hand-outs, lunch, and admission to full AppleFest Conference and Exhibits Workshop I: AppleWorks (versions for beginning and advanced users) Workshop II: AppleWorks for Educators Workshop III: Desktop Pub- lishing on the // Save $15 or more by pre- registering now (or bring this coupon to the door for alesser discount). 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Back Bay Hilton 800-874-0663 Single ($110) Double ($130) Copley Plaza 800-225-7654 Single ($120) Double ($140) Arrival Date Departure Date: Payment Conference and/or Exhibits] Hotel] Both] Check enclosed*C) Credit Card (circle one): AMEX = MC Visa Credit Card # Exp.date Cardholder's Name Amt. of charge | defeats “Hotel reservations must be guaranteed by one night's deposit. Visa, MC, AMEX, or check payable to the hotel of your choice. Checks for ticket fees payable to Cambridge Marketing, Inc Mail this form by April 15 to Cambridge Marketing, Inc., One Forbes | Rd., Lexington, MA 02173, or call 1-800-262-FEST. 617-860-7100 in MA. _APPLEFEST S3BOSTON Fees niente ade sow nt lied it pple Crp nc Apples ope Mace. Hyper Ales. he plate reer adem te Cup ec Washington Apple Pi - March 1988 15 This month’s article will ramble through a variety of subjects to partially fill you in on various IGS related items. Next month T’ll go back to a tutorial on using the RAM disk from the Finder. Many of you have heard that my wife and I have been blessed with a handsome baby boy. Thank you for the many congratula- tions that I received from SIG members. As soon as Teddy starts programming I’ll make sure he submits his efforts to the club disk library. As a result of time spent with my family I haven’t been writing much. That’s why I didn’t get articles into the last two journals. I'll try to do better, but no promises, IIGS SIG Meeting News ‘There was no meeting report in January. The meeting, which was to be held in McLean’s Dolley Madison Library, was cancelled due to the snow. Judging from the number of people who called to ask whether the meeting had been cancelled, I supect it would have been well attended. February’s meeting will be on the 29th, from 7:00 pm to 9:30pm, at Thomas Pyle Intermediate School in Bethesda. From the Beltway, take River Road (Rt 190) east for about 1 mile to Wilson Lane (Rt 188). Tum left on Wilson and go about 1/2 mile to Thomas Pyle on the left. Park in the back. We'll be in the cafeteria. With the extra time we'll be able to demonstrate various software and hardware. Ray Hobbs will be showing the PC Transporter from Applied Engineering for those of you interested in turning your Apple into a PC clone. March’s meeting will be at Kent Gardens Elementary School in McLean, Virginia on March 28th from 7:00 to 9:30pm. From the Beltway, take Dolley Madison Boulevard (Rt 123) east towards McLean. AtGreat Falls Street turn right. After one block on Great Falls, turn left at the stoplight onto Chain Bridge Road. Follow Chain Bridge to the next stoplight which is Westmore- land Street. Make a right on Westmoreland and go about 7/10ths of a mile to Lumsden Street. Follow Lumsden to Melbourne Avenue. Turn left on Melbourne and you'll see the school parking lot. We’re meeting in the cafeteria. Rumors and Stuff From all reports the IIGS has been selling very well. More than 200,000 sold so far, and sales are still very brisk. With Apple’s CEO, John Sculley, making a strong statement of commitment to the Apple II line at the Applefest in San Fran- cisco, we can be fairly confident that a growing number of developers will be producing software for the IIGS. Apple’s new software development company, Claris, has put multipage ads in various Apple II magazines, pushing the Apple- Works V.2.0. (which has been available for quite a few months.) I’ve heard rumors about a new IIGS specific version of Apple- Works being worked on, and I’ve heard rumors that no such program is being developed. I’ve also heard that the IGS may get an upgrade this year. (Maybe a faster clock rate or the 65832 chip?) And how about a CD-ROM (Laser Disk) interface? Maybe we’ll get something beyond rumors at Applefest in Boston. Applefest will be on May 20th to 22nd. Washington 16 Washington Apple Pi - March 1988 Apple Pi will have a booth there. Let us know if you’re going. A Contest for Members Several months ago I stated that the new IIGS BASIC was based on Apple II Business BASIC. I mistyped that. It is based on Apple III Business BASIC. David Ottalini, Apple III SIG chairman, pointed this error out to me. He also pointed out that the WAP’s Apple III Disk Library contains a lot of Business BASIC programs that might be easily converted for use with IIGS BASIC, I've got a software prize for the donor of the first 3.5 inch disk of converted (or new) useful Apple IGS BASIC programs to the IIGS Disk Library. David Todd, disk librarian, will judge this contest. Contact him with any submissions. Books Ithought that! would bring you upto date on the results ofmy browsing through some book stores. More and more books related to programming the IGS are becoming available. There is still a decided lack of manuals for a person just beginning computing with the IIGS. One bright spot is that Apple is finally releasing a manual covering thenew System Disk and the Finder. Apple released the Apple IIGS System Disk User's Guide earlier this month. This spiral-bound guide covers the Finder, the Systems Utilities, and the Launcher. I’ve seen it and it’s not too bad. Finally, there is a document that begins to answer some of the basic questions that every beginner has about the IIGS and its system software. This guide costs $17 and should be available from Apple dealers. If they don’t have it, they should be able to order it as part number A2D6001. Another book from Apple is the Programmer’ s Introduction to the Apple IGS, which is presently being distributed by APDA. (Apple Programmer’s and Developer's Association) in a three- hole punched pre-release version. This book uses the program Hodge Podge as an example of programming a desktop applica- tion. Hodge Podge is a program that is available in the club disk library as part of the Apple Demo Program on WAP 2002. A disk is included with the book that contains source code for Hodge Podge in APW (or ORCA/M) assembly language, APW C, and TML Systems Pascal. The book use the source code as a step- through example of programming the IIGS. This isn’t too bad for $37.50 if you don’t mind the lack of an index, final editorial corrections, and final graphics. Elementary Assembly Language for the Apple IIGS and the 65816 by William B. Sanders is a beginners guide to assembly language, using BASIC as a starting off point. Included with the book is a listing of the Level II Elementary Assembler, a BASIC program that you can type in that IS an Assembler. This basic program is also available on disk for $15. The book includes tutorials for the Elementary Assembler, Merlin 8/16, and the TIGS Monitor’s Mini-assembler. It includes discussions on using the IIGS Toolbox and super hi-res graphics. This book costs $19.95 and is published by Scott, Foresman and Company Computer Books. Roger Wagner has long been one of the premiere sources of contd, valuable information and software for the Apple II series com- puters, His book Compute!’ s Apple IIGS Machine Language for Beginners is another good resource for someone starting out in assembly language programming. This book includes tutorials in both Merlin 8/16 and the Apple Programmer’s Workshop (APW), as well as lots of useful examples with listings for both assemblers. He also starts off comparing BASIC and Assembly Language and quickly works up to developing a drawing pro- gram using various toolbox functions. A complete listing of a ProDOS 16 File Dump Utility is included for the programmer. A disk with examples is available for $15.95. The book is pub- lished by Compute! Publications, Inc. and costs $19.95. Exploring the Apple IIGS by Gary B. Little, published by the Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. is one of those all- purpose technical references. It cost $22.95 and containsa LOT of information for the technical user. It includes assembly language programming examples with each chapter divided into a “Discussion” and a “Reference” section. Chapters include: Tools, Memory, Events, Windows, DA’s, ProDOS, and Sound & Music. Ipicked up Programming the Apple lIGS in C and Assembly Language by Mark Andrews because it was the first book I’ve seen (not from Apple or part of a software package) that covers a higher level language for the IIGS. This book is published by Howard W. Sams & Company and costs $18.95. The book specifically uses APW for both its assembly language and C examples and includes an appendix with most, if not all, of the Apple IIGS Toolbox calls. My one complaintis that it doesn’t go enough into C, The examples in the book demonstrate the use of super hi-res graphics, the menu manager, windows, dialogs, and file /O. Three hardbound texts have recently been released by Ad- dison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. for Apple, the Apple IIGS ProDOS 16 Reference Including the System Loader, the Apple IIGS Firmware Reference, and the Apple IIGS Hardware Reference. They are priced at$29.95, $24.95, and $24.95 respec- tively, and are well worth it if you don’t mind some redundancy of information between the books, and are interested in getting down into the nitty-gritty of how your computer works. The book on ProDOS and the Loader describes the specifics of ProDOS file architecture and does a reasonable job of describ- ing how to make ProDOS 16 calls. The book includes a 3.5 inch disk with a System Exerciser program which allows you to try any of the ProDOS calls and see the result. It also lists system error codes and compares ProDOS 16 other operating systems for the Apple IIs. The hardware reference book includes schematics for the IIGS motherboard and data sheets for 65816. It also covers: language card select switches, video display specs, soft switches, peeks & pokes, shadow & speed registers, memory maps, sound & oscillator, the Apple Desktop Bus, the I/O ports & clock, expansion slots, and the power supply. The firmware reference covers the following: ID bytes, entry points, vectors, soft switches, the Monitor and Mini-assembler, the Control Panel, video control, the serial-port, Disk II support, the Smartport, the interrupt-handler, the Apple Desktop Bus, and the mouse. That's it for this month. Hope to see you at upcoming meetings! G Smart Computer The Generic PC: An Enduring Classic by Bud Stolker ‘These are the glory days for users of IBM-compatible personal com- puters! Ten million PC systems are now in use. Tens of thousands of free or inexpensive programs are available to release the incredible comput- ing power of today's systems. Features are proliferating even as hard- ware costs plummet. With hundreds of PC clones crowding the marketplace, the choice of IBM-compatible computers and programs has never been richer. There’s the classic XT and AT series, the luggables and laptops, the 386-based systems, the new PS/2 line. There's never been a better time to get hands on your own PC. But with the proliferation of options has come some hard buying decisions as well. Should you get a 386, 286, or 8086-based machine? Classic or Micro Channel? Color or monochrome display? HGC, CGA, EGA, or VGA video? Laser, daisywheel or matrix printer? Hard disk or floppy system? How many megabytes of storage is enough, and how many milliseconds should you wait to access it? We can help you slice through the confusion. 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Landmark Computer Laboratories Suite 1506 101 South Whiting Street Alexandria, Virginia 22304 Telephone (703) 370-2242 & SourceMail TCB076 IBM PC, PC XT, PC AT, and Micro Channel are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation. Washington Apple Pi - March 1988 17 lbyTed Meyers [O PASCALS. FOR HE IIG — —= Two companies have produced Pascal compilers for the IGS which allow programmers extensive use of the toolbox and other IIGS specific features; TML Systems and The Byte Works. TML has two versions of their compiler using different “environments” or development systems. They originally re- leased a version that required APW (the Apple Programmer’s Workshop, see the article on IIGS assmblers for more info) or ORCA/M, which is a standard “type-in-the-command-and-hit- return” type environment which makes no use of the mouse interface. More recently, TML released their stand-alone (or desktop) system which runs in the 640 resolution window environment with complete mouse control and requires no additional software. In this article we will be talking about the stand-alone system unless otherwise stated. Byteworks, which essentially wrote the APW system for Apple, has released ORCA/Pascal which can run by itself, with ORCA/M, or with APW. Running by itself, it uses a subset of ORCA/M’s or APW’s shell command set. Comparing these two systems is like comparing Apple TIGS’s to oranges. The two environments that are provided are very different in their capabilities and functionality. My judg- ment, after working with the twosystems for a few weeks, is that ORCA/Pascal is a more powerful system (especially when used with ORC/M or APW), but that TML is much easier to use. Both Bytework’s and TML’s systems can make extensive use of the IIGS RAM and ROM based tools. Both can do segmentation, create Classic and New Desk Accessories (CDAs and NDAs), alter the size of the usable stack, and compile units and programs. However, with ORCA/Pascal you can compile with and without optimization, allowing you to choose the speed of the compilation, and the size and speed of the final code produced. Turning optimization on produces smaller, faster code but takes longer to compile. ORCA/Pascal also allows you to turn range checking and traceback on and off. These functions aid in the debugging process, but make the code less efficient. While debugging and error trapping with ORCA/Pascal, the program- mer would normally turn optimization off and the other error checking code on. When a final version of the code is produced, turning optimization on and error checking off will produce the most efficient version of the software. TML Pascal does have various compiler directives which allow some control over error checking. But its control is not as complete as ORCA/Pascal’s. I tried compiling some simple iterative routines, using the Get- ASClltime tool before and after. For source code that was very similar, TML’s executable was faster, but ORCA/Pascal’s was smaller. This was not an exhaustive and final test. One of the IIGS SIG members, Dick Fitzhugh, is testing TML Pascal in various ways. We’ll provide further reports in upcoming issues. Within 20 minutes of opening the TML Pascal package I had compiled and run one of the example programs, and had started making minor alterations to it. I have some experience with the “Mac” interface so the desktop environment was a familiar place for me. Once the program is finished booting, you are presented with a screen that looks very familiar to anyone who commonly 18 Washington Apple Pi - March 1988 suses the Finder. Across the top is the familiar menu bar with the colored apple in the left comer for NDAs. Across the menu bar are the menu titles; “File”, “Edit”, etc. To open an example source code file just choose “Open” from the “File” menu and you are presented with a dialog for choosing files. Opening the file is done the same way as in Multiscribe GS, DeluxePaint II, and most other IIGS specific software. Opening the file presents you with an editor window with the source code displayed for alteration. Once you’ve opened a file and are in the editor, compiling and running is done by choosing “Compile to Mem- ory” from the “Compile” menu. The program will start compil- ing, running, and when finished will return to the TML Pascal editor with the source code displayed for further alteration. If bugs are found while compilation is under way, the system displays a dialog and when the mouse is clicked, returns you to the editor with the presumed error selected for you to change. Newcomers to computing will probably take longer then 20 minutes to start writing and altering code in TML Pascal, but TML’s stand alone system takes less time than ORCA. Unless you are already familiar with the APW or ORCA/M shell environment it will take you a while to find your way around. When the ORCA/Pascal disk is booted (It does take less time to boot than TML) you are presented with a copyright notification, a prompt symbol (‘‘#”), and a blinking cursor. Typing “HELP” at this point will result in a screen full of commands appearing. Typing “HELP” and then one of the command names will give you more information about that command. To edit a program you must type “EDIT” followed by the pathname of the file altered. After editing the program, compilation and running is done by typing “RUN” and then the pathname. By adding the “+E” option to this statement you will be returned to the editor with the cursor on the offending line if a bug is found during compilation. For a more complete description of the ORCA environment, read the article on IIGS assemblers mentioned earlier, remembering that ORCA/Pascal has a subset of the shell which is supplied with ORCA/M and APW. The editors for the two systems are very different. For ORCA. the editor is very similar to the AppleWorks editor. An Apple- Works user would probably feel pretty much at home. TML is most similar to MacWrite (or Multiscribe GS). The mouse is used for moving, cutting, copying, and pasting. If you have a strong preference for one environment or another this may influence your opinion of these systems. For those of you interested in eventually porting software you have developed to other systems or porting source code from other systems to your IIGS, both Pascal systems provide some information about the standards to which they conform. ORCA/ Pascal states in its manual that it conforms with level 0 of ISO (international Standards Organization) standard 7185 and has various extensions which are enumerated. TML Pascal lists it’s exceptions and extensions to ANS (American National Stan- dard) Pascal as defined by ANSI/IEEE 770X3.97-1983 in the book American National Standard Pascal Computer Program- ming Language. I have not tried to test these conformances. contd. TML Pascal includes a Console I/O unit which is used to emulate routines used in UCSD Pascal such as GotoXY. This allows some level of compatibility with the old Apple Pascal. However, one of TML Pascal’s exceptions to the ANS Pascal standard is the lack of the Get and Put procedures. Since these are included in UCSD Pascal some rewrites are sure to result. The TML manual states that version 1.0 of TML Pascal doesn’t include interfaces to the Apple Desktop Bus, the SANE, the Integer Math, the Disk Utilities, and the Note Sequencer Tool Sets (the last two because Apple had not yet released them), but promises to very soon, if they haven’t already. ORCA appears to support an interface to all the tools that are available, but I have not tested them all. What You Get The stand alone version of TML Pascal comes with a 255- page paperbound manual which includes a short tutorial, sec- tions on writing IIGS desktop application, desk accesories, and “plain vanilla” programs, and a description and listings of the toolbox interface. The software comes on a 3.5 inch disk and includes two directories of example programs including: several desk accessories, a paint program, and an interface for using “turtle” graphics. ORCA/Pascal includes a 286-page spiral bound manual. The manual has a short tutorial and sections on the shell, the editor, programming in the graphics, text, and desktop environment, as well as a section on writing and interfacing to assembly language subroutines. The software comes on two 3.5 inch disks. The first contains the shell, the compiler, the editor, and various utilities. The second disk contains various programming examples such as: various desk accessories, text, graphic, and desktop source code and executables, as well as some “make” files for “exec” ing to demonstrate the sequence of producing an executable. One interesting program on the diskisa version of the “Othello” game in 320 resolution mode with all of its source code. The second disk also contains the source code for the toolbox interface, so you can use the toolbox from Pascal. Additional Resources It’s usually helpful to find other sources of information on the language and system that we are programming with. Program- mers, especially those starting out on a new system, are con- stantly looking for good sample programs, additional utilities, and sources of helpful hints. The TML Source Code Library disk, which costs extra (see prices below), includes an excellent set of example programs using each of the Toolbox units in running software. TML is also one of the languages covered in the book, Programmer's Intro- duction to the Apple IIGS. (See the [IGS Stuff article for more information. TML also sells the Speech Tool Kit which can interface to TML Pascal so that your programs could include spoken output. If at some later point you would like to expand your software development skills into other directions TML also has a version of TML Pascal which is compatible with ORCA/ Mand APW. TML is also releasing a IIGS BASIC compatible interpreter and compiler which will produce routines callable by TML Pascal (and vice-versa). As I mentioned earlier, ORCA/Pascal can be part of a larger development system. ORCA/M and APW, which are nearly equivalent, can both incorporate ORCA/Pascal. Using APW or ORCA/M, the programmer will be capable of incorporating routines written in Pascal, Assembly Language, and C into one program, The Byte Works is also planning, if they haven’t already, to release ORCA/Basic, which will also produce code that will be linkable to ORCA/APW programs. (A late note—The Byte Works will soon release a desktop environment which will be compatible with their ORCA and APW systems. I’ll report on this system and upgrade policies as soon as The Byte Works passes the information to me. ) Summary The two systems are for two types of programmers. If you are a student, taking a Pascal programming for the first time, and wantasystem which is easy to learn and start off with, or if you’re ahobbyist or an occasional programmer just interested in learn- ing some of the basics of Pascal and how to use the IIGS toolbox for your own programs, you might want to try TML Pascal. If you’re interested in multi-language and large-scale develop- ment, being compatible and linking with other APW developed software, and producing the most efficient code possible, then ORCA/Pascal may be the direction to go. Whichever you choose you’ll be getting a powerful and useful programming system. Requirements, Sources, and Cost TML is offering WAP members a discount on their products. By ordering more than four units of a particular product we can get the following discounts. Lin ice WAPRA TML Pascal $125.00 $85.00 ‘TML Speech Toolkit $69.00 $45.00 TML Pascal Source Code Libr. $49.00 $32.00 TML Pascal requires 512K of memory and a 3.5" disk drive for your GS. The Byte Works has offered their ORCA/Pascal to WAP at a 40% discount. That works out to the following discount schedule. ORCA/Pascal $125.00 $75.00 Ifyou’re interested in this discount please contact Ted Meyer weekday evenings between 7 and 8 p.m. at (703) 893-6845. ORCA/Pascal requires 768K RAM and a 3.5” drive. 6 PASCAL NEWS” by Robert C. Platt PIG. The Pascal Interest Group meets on the third Thursday of each month. Our January meeting focused on pointers, handles and general memory management problems. A sample program involving the use of handles to manipulate a large data structure was presented, and the group actually helped the presenter solve a few vexing bugs! We have several interesting presentations planned for the February and March meetings, but will also welcome your questions and programming (or bug) examples. The PIG is also considering expanding our scope to cover objectoriented languages beyond Pascal and Modula-2. We welcome your input on this idea. New Products. The new version of MPW and MPW Pascal are now shipping. Dave Neuman has purchased SemperSoft Modula-2 for the Mac and is still evaluating it. 6 Washington Apple Pi - March 1988 19 Software for the IGS is starting to abound, as Walt Mossberg’ sarticle last month testifies. One of the reasons for this is the expanding number of software development systems which are available and the growing number of people using these systems, This article compares four development systems which let you write your own 65816 assembly language pro- grams for the Apple IIGS. These systems are: Apple IIGS Programmer’s Workshop (APW) version 1.0 by Apple and The Byte Works, Merlin 8/16 (version 3.41 of Merlin 16) by Roger Wagner Publishing, Micol Macro Assembler (MMA) version 2.01, and ORCA/M version 1.0a, also by The Byte Works. APW and ORCA/M are complete shells for doing multi- language development on the IGS and are not designed solely for machine language development. APW was developed for Apple by Byteworks, the company that produced ORCA/M. Since APW and ORCA/M were mostly written by the same company they are almost carbon copies of each other. However, they differ from each other in some minor ways. More on this later. Merlin 8/16 comes with three assemblers, two for 6502 & 65C02 assembly language (on DOS 3.3 and ProDOS 8) and one for the 65816 and 65802. We plan to only compare the latter part, Merlin 16, with the other program packages since we are only looking at the Apple IIGS and not Apple II‘s in general. All four program packages have a “shell” type environment which let you catalog disks, load files for editing, save and delete files, and all of those housekeeping functions that you need to have available in order to work. Merlin is somewhat different in that you have to access its commands from a menu ina hierarchi- cal manner similar to earlier versions of Merlin. All have an editor for entering programs. And all have an assembler. Each of the packages can boot up by themselves. You don’t need to boot a system disk or a program launcher or the Finder to get them running. All but APW boot directly into their shell environment. APW boots to the Program Launcher, then re- quires you to open the APW folder, and then launch APW itself. This is one of the minor differences between APW and ORCA referred to in the second paragraph above. Instructions are included to reconfigure APW so you can boot directly into APW instead of the launcher. The directions are straightforward and easy to understand. All can be loaded to and run from a hard disk. As we were writing this article we found some discrepancies between what was described in each system's documentation and how the system actually ran. We contacted the manufactur- ers and were sent updates which we used in our assessment. We have, in each case, the most recent version of each package. All of the companies were helpful and seemed very interested in providing support. The Shells Once in the shell, APW, MMA, and ORCA/M havea “help” command. You simply type in HELP, hit return, and bang— there are all the commands available for you to use. APW lists 65 commands, ORCA/M lists 55,and MMA lists 18. Micol Macro’s HELP screen includes input parameters and syntax for each command as well as a description. All the information for each 20 Washington Apple Pi - March 1988 command appears on one line. APW/ORCA have so many commands that using the HELP command results in nearly a full screen list of commands. If you want to know more about a command in APW/ORCA, you type HELP and then the name of the command you are interested in. Then you get additional help. In some cases a whole screen full of information appears telling you how to use that one particular command. You don’t neces- sarily need to fumble through the book looking for how to use the command. The information is right there. This is probably the best technique for both developers and for neophytes. The first help screen containing all of the commands reminds the experi- enced user of the name of the command. The neophyte may need more help which he or she can get by typing in HELP and the command name. There is no “HELP” command for Merlin since most of the information is already on the screen in menu form. However, it would be helpful if Merlin would list and describe the disk commands on line so you don’t have to refer to the documentation. A few words need to be said about the number of commands in APW/ORCA. Some are duplicates, For example, the com- mands ASSMLG, CMPLG, and RUN all do the same thing as long as you are only using assembly language. So in a sense you only have one command with three names not three distinct commands. If you count only the distinct commands then APW has 59 and ORCA/M has 47, which is still considerably more than MMA or Merlin. But when you look at some of the commands that have additional attributes (or options) the differ- ence becomes more pronounced. Several commands have 5 attributes which you can turn off or on (one has 10). This increases the actual number of ways youcan exerciseacommand which increases the control that you have over what will be done, This is a plus for APW or ORCA/M. It also increases the complexity of the system and might slow the beginner down. MMA has far fewer commands, but this could be considered an advantage. (Remember the KISS principle: Keep It Simple, Stupid.) Merlin accomplishes many of the functions provided for by these APW/ORCA and MMA shell commands with “open-Apple” and “closed-Apple” key commands from within itseditor. To assemble file, for example, requires typing ASML in APW/ORCA. In Merlin, however, an open-Apple-A will accomplish the same thing. One difference between APW and ORCA/M is that there are 12commands that APW has thatORCA/M doesn’t, and two that ORCA. has that APW doesn’t. These differences aren’t major but some of the commands add significant capability. The two extra commands that Orca has are COMPRESS; which alphabet- izes and compacts a directory, and SWITCH, which can be used to change the order of files within a directory. Five extra commands that APW has that are significant are ALINK, CANNON, COMPACT, EQUAL, and SEARCH. Table 1 shows a listing of some of the commands which are common among the four shells. We have tried to match Micol’s and Merlin’s commands to those of APW and ORCA/M’s since matching between APW and ORCA/M is done by finding the contd. same name in both (no biggie). Column 5 has a brief description of what each command does. In some cases the name is the same for all four and the function is identical. Example of this is PREFIX. In other cases the same function might be done by all four systems but the command name is different. An example of this is TYPE in APW and ORCA/M versus LIST in MMA and Pin Merlin. We listed these on the same line in the table with the corresponding match to APW. In some cases there was no match. These were listed separately. Finally some commands in APW and ORCA/M do more with their attributes than the correspond- ing command does in MMA or Merlin. For these, the corre- sponding command was listed in parenthesis. In Merlin, many functions are accomplished from within the editor or by key- board macros. The next item of difference among the four is the command line itself. APW, MMA, and ORCA/M let you enter your commands on one line. Merlin does a combination of selection from a menu and typing in commands. APW/ORCA allow you to toggle between an insert mode and an overstrike mode. (But you can’t tell which mode you are in because both show a blinking rectangular cursor. This could stand changing.) MMA and Merlin only have an overstrike mode. MMA will let you insert a space at the cursor position by pressing control-S and at that point you can insert another letter. Also in MMA and Merlin youcan’tuse the delete button to delete acharacter. APW/ORCA allow you to recall from memory (the computer’s) the last 20 command lines that you input and reuse them with or without modification. MMA lets you bring up only the last single line you input. Merlin has no provision for this recall. APW/ORCA also allow you to type in just the first letter or letters of a command followed by the right arrow key. This automatically finishes typing the command for you, using the first matching command in the command list. The Editors In the Editors there are some obvious differences. There are help screens that can be accessed from three of the editors which show you the commands that you can use. There are no help screens in Merlin, so you must