AppleI Manual

APPLE -1 OPERATION MANUAL APPLE COMPUTER COMPANY 770 Welch Road Palo Alto, Calif. 94304 SPECIFICATIONS MIC ROPROCESSOR: Microprocessor Clock Frequency: Effective Cycle Frequency: (Including Refresh Waits) VIDEO OUTPUT: Line Rate: Frame Rate: Format: Display Memory: Character Matrix: RAM MEMORY: On-board RAM Capacity: POWER SUPPLIES: Input Power Requirements: Recommended Transformers: MOS TECHNOLOGY 6502 1.023 MHz 0.960 MHz Composite positive video, 75 ohms, level adjustable between zero and +5Vpp. 15734 Hz 60.05 Hz 40 characters/line, 24 lines; with automatic scrolling Dynamic shift registers (1K x 7) 5x7 16-pin, 4K Dynamic, type 4096 (2104) 8K bytes (4K supplied) +5 Volts @ 3 amps, +/- 12 Volts @0.5 amps, and -5 Volts @ 0.5 amps 8 to 10 Volts AC (RMS) @ 3 amps, 26 to 28 Volts AC (RMS) Center-Tapped, 1A. Stancor # P-8380 or Triad F31-X Stancor # P-8667 or Triad F40-X APPLE COMPUTER COMPANY 770 Welch Road, Suite 154 Palo Alto, California 94304 Phone: (415) 326-4248 [ INTRODUCTION ) The Apple Computer is a complete micro- processor system, consisting of a Mos Technology 6502 microprocessor and support hardware, tegral videodisplay electronics, dynamic memory and refresh hardware, and fully regulated power supplies. It contains resident system monitor software, enabling the user, via the keyboard and display, to write, examine, debug, and run programs efficiently; thus being an educational tool for the learning of microprocessor program- ming, and an aid in the development of software, in- The integral video display section and the keyboard interface renders unnecessary the need for an external teletype. The display section con- tains its ownmemory, leaving all of RAM for user programs, and the outputformat is 40 characters/ line, 24 lines/page, with auto scrolling, Almost any ASCII encoded keyboard will interface directly with the Apple system. The board has sockets for upto 8K bytes of the 16 pin, 4K type, RAM, and the system is fully expandable to 65K via the edge connector. The system uses dynamic memory (4K bytes sup- plied), although static memory may also be used. All refreshing of dynamic memory, including all 'off-board'' expansion memory, is done auto- matically. The entire system timing, including the microprocessor clock and all video signals, originates in a single crystal oscillator. Further, the printed circuit board contains a "breadboard area", in which the user can add additional ''on-board'! hardware (for example, extra PIA's, ACIA's, EROM's, and so on), This manual is divided into three Sections: Section GETTING THE SYSTEM RUNNING. SectionII USING THE SYSTEM MONITOR. (listing included) Section III EXPANDING THE SYSTEM, Please readSectionI thoroughly, before at- tempting to 'power-up'' your system, and study Section III carefully before attempting to expand your system. In addition to this manual, Apple "Tech Notes" are available which contain exam~ ples of expansion hardware and techniques…