Chapter 1 • SQL statement overview Chapter 1 • SQL statement overview The basic SQL unit of execution is the statement. SQL program statements allow you to connect to Butler SQL database servers, manipulate data, control program flow, and retrieve data and descriptive information. About this guide This guide is a reference to the SQL dialect supported by Butler SQL. Statement functional groups are presented, followed by a complete description of each statement. The statements are listed in alphabetical order. Statement groups SQL statements can be divided into the following 4 function groups: • Data-manipulation statements offer complete, SQL-based data access to host databases and files. For example, the UPDATE statement modifies database contents. • Program-control statements support testing, looping, and procedure calls within a SQL program. For example, the WHILE statement provides repeated execution of a SQL loop. • Output-control statements generate output messages from the SQL program for processing by the client application. • Database entity-manipulation statements create and delete databases, tables, and indices. 1 Chapter 1 • SQL statement overview The following sections describe each statement group in detail and list statements that belong to each group. Data-manipulation statements Butler SQL’s data-manipulation facilities provide uniform access to databases and files for data retrieval and update. The data- manipulation statements are based on SQL, which has become a de facto standard for relational database access. An ANSI standard for SQL has been defined; however, many variations in the SQL dialects of current DBMS systems, and large areas of the lan- guage, are left as implementation choices in the current ANSI specification. The variations include the areas of database organi- zation, data types, catalog structures, dynamic query support, buffer management, indicator variable handling, and error codes. The Butler SQL data-manipulation statements adhere to ANSI standard statement syntax wherever possible. Where the ANSI standard is not implemented, Butler SQL follows IBM’s DB2 standard if possible. For example, Butler SQL error codes are compatible with DB2 codes. The SQL statements that provide the data-manipulation facilities of database access, dat…

Chapter 1 • SQL statement overview Chapter 1 • SQL statement overview The basic SQL unit of execution is the statement. SQL program statements allow you to connect to Butler SQL database servers, manipulate data, control program flow, and retrieve data and descriptive information. About this guide This guide is a reference to the SQL dialect supported by Butler SQL. Statement functional groups are presented, followed by a complete description of each statement. The statements are listed in alphabetical order. Statement groups SQL statements can be divided into the following 4 function groups: • Data-manipulation statements offer complete, SQL-based data access to host databases and files. For example, the UPDATE statement modifies database contents. • Program-control statements support testing, looping, and procedure calls within a SQL program. For example, the WHILE statement provides repeated execution of a SQL loop. • Output-control statements generate output messages from the SQL program for processing by the client application. • Database entity-manipulation statements create and delete databases, tables, and indices. 1 Chapter 1 • SQL statement overview The following sections describe each statement group in detail and list statements that belong to each group. Data-manipulation statements Butler SQL’s data-manipulation facilities provide uniform access to databases and files for data retrieval and update. The data- manipulation statements are based on SQL, which has become a de facto standard for relational database access. An ANSI standard for SQL has been defined; however, many variations in the SQL dialects of current DBMS systems, and large areas of the lan- guage, are left as implementation choices in the current ANSI specification. The variations include the areas of database organi- zation, data types, catalog structures, dynamic query support, buffer management, indicator variable handling, and error codes. The Butler SQL data-manipulation statements adhere to ANSI standard statement syntax wherever possible. Where the ANSI standard is not implemented, Butler SQL follows IBM’s DB2 standard if possible. For example, Butler SQL error codes are compatible with DB2 codes. The SQL statements that provide the data-manipulation facilities of database access, dat…

Introduction Introduction Welcome to the Butler SQL User’s Guide. This guide covers all aspects of configuring and maintaining a Butler SQL server. You should have Butler SQL installed using the instructions contained in the Getting Started Guide before reading the sections of this guide. The four separate sections of this guide describe how to use Butler SQL, ButlerHosts, and the ODBC Setup control panel to • create and manage ports, • configure Butler SQL, • connect client applications to Butler SQL, and • backup and restore data. The various options which Butler SQL provides will be discussed and demonstrated in each section of this guide. Instructions appear in bold type for quick reference; also, the instructions will be accompanied by notes, informing you of system specifics and recommended methods that will help you get the full benefit of Butler SQL. Our intended audience This guide is designed to introduce Butler SQL, DAL/DAM, and ODBC configuration to individuals who are unfamiliar with the functions and operations of a Butler SQL server. Those individuals who have never used client-server software should consult an introductory text to familiarize themselves with the general purpose and usage of such applications. 1 About Butler SQL databases About Butler SQL databases A Butler SQL database contains one or more tables. Each table has a name and contains specific columns and rows. A cell is the intersection of a row and a column. These columns list the properties of the data that may be contained in a database. Columns in a table are made up of data items of a single type. For example, in an employee table, the employee name, occupation, Social Security number, and home telephone number would each be sepa- rate columns. Every table must have at least one column and each column must be assigned a unique name in the table. A row is a collection of values which are related. A row in an employee table could consist of the employee name, employee number, home address, and Social Security number. Databases on a server can be used by many clients. When a client applica- tion is connected to a Butler SQL server, the client can access the tables of the databases located on the server. …

Introduction Introduction Welcome to the Butler SQL User’s Guide. This guide covers all aspects of configuring and maintaining a Butler SQL server. You should have Butler SQL installed using the instructions contained in the Getting Started Guide before reading the sections of this guide. The four separate sections of this guide describe how to use Butler SQL, ButlerHosts, and the ODBC Setup control panel to • create and manage ports, • configure Butler SQL, • connect client applications to Butler SQL, and • backup and restore data. The various options which Butler SQL provides will be discussed and demonstrated in each section of this guide. Instructions appear in bold type for quick reference; also, the instructions will be accompanied by notes, informing you of system specifics and recommended methods that will help you get the full benefit of Butler SQL. Our intended audience This guide is designed to introduce Butler SQL, DAL/DAM, and ODBC configuration to individuals who are unfamiliar with the functions and operations of a Butler SQL server. Those individuals who have never used client-server software should consult an introductory text to familiarize themselves with the general purpose and usage of such applications. 1 About Butler SQL databases About Butler SQL databases A Butler SQL database contains one or more tables. Each table has a name and contains specific columns and rows. A cell is the intersection of a row and a column. These columns list the properties of the data that may be contained in a database. Columns in a table are made up of data items of a single type. For example, in an employee table, the employee name, occupation, Social Security number, and home telephone number would each be sepa- rate columns. Every table must have at least one column and each column must be assigned a unique name in the table. A row is a collection of values which are related. A row in an employee table could consist of the employee name, employee number, home address, and Social Security number. Databases on a server can be used by many clients. When a client applica- tion is connected to a Butler SQL server, the client can access the tables of the databases located on the server. …