Date: 14 Jan 1993 20:51:14 -0700 (MST)
From: NOHL@CCIT.ARIZONA.EDU
Subject: video out from macs report for the world

From: Nohl Lyons

Here is alot of info from various sources including 
manufacturers.  I actually have much more information, but I 
thought that this alone might be overwhelming. If you need help 
making choices, let me know. 
-Nohl

(anything following a "> " is quoted from someone else. This is an 
internet tradition.)

First the word on the net; it has not yet been verified, but it 
appears to be accurate:
> -VideoMax from Workstation Technologies Inc. 
>  
> -RasterOps makes a product called the video expander.
> It costs about $400 (less ed disc) and you just
> plug your video output into it.  The box gives you
> output to a VHS recorder and will record anything that
> you would normally send to the screen.
> 
> The only problem is that it has to convert from th 60Hz
> of the Mac to the 30 Hz of the tape, so it does some strange
> things to make it work.  RasterOps will give you more info.


> Hi! Saw your message on sumex and thought I'd offer my thoughts 
> (don't have a concrete solution though). I too have a spigot on 
> my IIci and have run into the same problem, no way to go back out 
> to tape. I have however heard of a relativly inexpensive box that 
> will run, I think, black and white NTSC out of a Quadra's built 
> in video. I heard about it on sumex so you might post there to 
> see if anyone knows anything. I imagine it would be pretty high 
> quality. 
> 
> (This reminds me of a cool thing with the original Mac II's and 
> the original Apple video card -- with a 5$ cable that you could 
> build yourself, you would get NTSC output -- composite video --, 
> albeit in only 4-and8-bit color) 
> 
> The other thing I heard is that since SuperMac is coming out with 
> a full Toaster-Like system for the mac (card-based called 
> 'Digital Film' with a price tag of about $10k) they've also 
> upgraded the spigot pro (only as far as I know) with the ability 
> to go out to tape. VHS quality with a spigot is pretty hard to do 
> because they don't digitize the whole frame of video, only a 
> field (the odd or even numbered lines) and then collapse it, this 
> is why the aliasing and moiring is so bad on spigoted video (you 
> can't be the price/performance ratio of the spigot though!). 
> Plus, even if you could go out to tape at VHS quailty, you'd have 
> to have a Quadra 950, probably accelerated (is this what your 
> friend has?) to handle full screen/full motion video. 
> 
> What I'm thinking of doing is saving my money for a year or so, 
> because things are happening so quickly in the area of 
> compression. Video capture boards that support hardware 
> compression on the card (not software driver based compression 
> like the VDIG and QT 1.5's compact video) will allow full screen 
> video at 30fps on any competent Mac (probably like a IIsi on up). 
> Video spigots don't have anyplace for a daughter card on them 
> (this is how you would add hardware compression to an existing 
> board) and so I would plan on buying a new card when the next 
> generation of video capture technology gets cheap enough. Other 
> cards like the Radius and RasterOps (I think) support some kind 
> of hardware compression, but are really crippled as far as 
> capturing good video today. There's a great article (one of the 
> best I've read so far) in this month's MacWorld (I don't have it 
> handy but it's the one with the red cover). 

BTW
> Adobe Premiere is pretty essential for any out- to-tape solution. 
> It can generate EDLs (edit decision lists) and can control many 
> kinds of VTR decks, especially Sonys that have that pin-connector 
> on the back. That's Premiere 2.0. 
----

The following info is provided by MacWorld magazine and the 
associated manufacturers:

The TV Box
External NTSC device compatible with entire line of Apple's 8-bit and 
24-bit color video boards to produce the same output as the TV Board, 
without using another NuBus slot. Has exclusive GX filter to suppress 
color-bar distortion. $399. Generation X Technologies, 408/739-4570.


The TV Board
8-bit NTSC/PAL switchable NuBus video board that can be hooked up to 
cable-ready TV sets for use with desktop presentation applications. Board 
can also be hooked up to a VCR to enable taping of Mac output. $599. 
Generation X Technologies, 408/739-4570.


Radius VideoVision

24-Bit Interface Card with Video In and Video Out Capability for the 
Macintosh Quadra and II (NuBus) Series

Radius' VideoVision combines breakthrough hardware and software technology 
to enable mass distribution of powerful multimedia communications. 
Consisting of a sophisticated video interface card, an external breakout 
box for external video and audio connections, and comprehensive software 
controls, VideoVision enables users to integrate audio, graphics and video 
capabilities on the Macintosh. VideoVision offers immediate compatibility 
with all applications that support QuickTime, Apple's multimedia extension 
to its operating system software, allowing the capture of digital video 
infor- mation as QuickTime movies or still images. In addition, 
VideoVision supports both S-Video and composite video and multiple timings 
and resolutions, providing compatibility with a wide range of Radius, 
Apple, and other third-party computer displays and video formats.  

High Quality 24-bit Video Output

VideoVision is the first low-cost integrated Macintosh desktop product 
that enables high quality output directly from a Macintosh to videotape. 
This "print to video" capability allows for convenient and cost-effective 
distribution of a variety of presentations, from the simple slide 
presentation which incorporates QuickTime movies to the sophisticated 
multimedia presentation. The high quality of the video output is due to a 
unique filtering process which allows flicker-free 24-bit (16.7 million 
color) motion video graphics to be output from computer to videotape. 
Current alternative technologies for video output show intense flickering. 

Worldwide Video Standards Support

VideoVision supports worldwide video standards for both input and output 
as well as the ability to convert from one format to another. NTSC, PAL, 
and SECAM video standards are supported for video input and NTSC and PAL 
for video output. Both NTSC 3.58, used in the U.S., and NTSC 4.43, used in 
Japan, are supported. With video input, VideoVision automatically 
recognizes which standard to use and converts the data accordingly.

Real Time Video Window Resizing

VideoVision allows real-time resizing of a video window to any size the 
viewer desires, without significant loss of resolution. Several products 
now on the market allow video (TV, VCR, laserdisc) information to be input 
to the computer and viewed in a window on the computer display. However, 
many of these products either do not allow the window to be resized, or if 
they do, they lose significant resolution as the window is reduced. 

H-Bus Architecture For More Power and Future Expansion

Video manipulation requires the transmission of large amounts of 
information between various processor cards. VideoVision's H-Bus 
architecture allows transmission of data at transfer rates of 60 
Mbytes/second, overcoming the bandwidth limitations of the NuBus 
architecture. Information between boards can be transmitted much more 
quickly over the H-Bus. In addition, VideoVision will support adjoining 
NuBus communications and add-ons such as additional hardware 
compression/decompression, special effects, titling, chromakey, or other 
special purpose boards. 

--------
The following are tips from a video out consultant in Hawaii. 
This is their specialty, and they gave out this information 
freely. 

> Consumer Quality
> 
> Consumer quality video output can be achieved by using a low cost 
> converter box (cost: approximately $300 - $700), available from 
> many manufacturers, or directly from the composite or S-Video 
> output of a video card. In almost all cases, a QuickTime movie, 
> slide show, or MacroMind Director movie can be recorded in real 
> time to VHS, S-VHS, or Hi8 tape. The output quality of the 
> converter boxes or video cards is sufficient for titling home 
> videos and other projects --- for personal use. 
> 
> Industrial Quality
> 
> Industrial quality video output is achieved with a low cost scan 
> converter, such as the Mediator from VideoLogic, the 9101 from 
> Chromatek, etc. (cost: approximately $1,500 - $4,000). Some 
> converters are able to switch between underscan and overscan, 
> have flicker elimination and other features. These converters 
> produce a medium quality signal most appropriate for industrial 
> productions. A primary draw back of these units is that, in most 
> cases, they can not be synchronized or timed with the other video 
> gear. The composite or S-Video output of TrueVision�s NuVista 
> cards can be considered industrial quality. The signal is analog 
> encoded, but the encoder (which is built onto the card), has no 
> flicker elimination, comb or notch filters, nor image enhancing 
> circuitry. The composite and S-Video outputs of the NuVista cards 
> do NOT produce a broadcast quality signal. 
> 
> Broadcast Quality
> 
> A broadcast quality signal can be achieved in two ways. One is to 
> take the RGB output of a NuVista, Intelligent Resources Video 
> Explorer, or similar card and feed it through an encoder. The 
> driver of the video card should be set to interlaced. Encoders 
> convert the analog RGB signal digitally into a composite, 
> S-Video, and, in some cases, a component video signal. Most 
> encoders have image enhancing circuitry and filters built in, but 
> they lack flicker elimination and the ability to resize the 
> output video. Therefore, graphics and animations must be produced 
> carefully to conform to the necessary screen dimensions. Encoders 
> are priced between $2,000 and $10,000 and it is fair to say, you 
> get what you pay for. Several companies, including Faroudja, 
> manufacture encoders which output excellent broadcast quality 
> signals. 
> 
> The other method is to use a scan down converter, a device which 
> will accept interlaced and non-interlaced RGB signals from a 
> video card. Most scan down converters have built-in image 
> filtering techniques, enhancing circuitry, flicker elimination, 
> and the ability to switch from underscan to overscan. Some high 
> end models allow the user to resize and position the image 
> anywhere on the video screen, or zoom into a graphic and enlarge 
> a section of it to full video screen. Scan down converters can 
> produce the finest video picture in composite, S-Video, or 
> component output. Again, you get what you pay for, and prices 
> range from $10,000 to $25,000. 
> 
> Recording computer graphics or animations for broadcast purposes 
> rarely involves a real-time output of the signal, except when 
> recording a still image or title. 
> 
> Animation files played back in real-time on the computer, such as 
> QuickTime movies and accelerated Director files, run at different 
> speeds, depending on the computer they are played on. Animations 
> must be output on a frame-by-frame basis. This assures that 30 
> frames of animation are recorded to video every second. 
> 
> Frame controller programs control video tape and laser disc 
> recorders for frame-by-frame recording through a serial 
> connection between the computer and the video unit. Industrial 
> and broadcast video tape recorders and laser disc recorders can 
> be accurately controlled through their serial port, a feature 
> consumer equipment does not have. The video tape is first 
> blackened and striped with time code. The frame-by-frame 
> controlling program is then able to access any single frame on 
> the tape. 


tips:

> Because video is an interlaced signal, you should avoid single 
> pixel horizontal lines in your graphics and animations. These 
> produce flickering in a NTSC environment. A flicker elimination 
> filter will reduce the flickering, but a small degradation in 
> image sharpness occurs. Use horizontal lines that are 2, 4, 6, 
> etc. pixels wide (i.e., avoid odd numbered line widths). 

> Be careful with gradient fills. Video resolution is far below the 
> quality of your computer picture and gradient fills may result in 
> a stair step effect. This can be avoided by applying a little 
> noise to the image (for example, by using the noise filter in 
> Photoshop). 

> Caution must be taken when choosing your colors. As many 
> engineers will tell you, NTSC also stands for �Never The Same 
> Color.' The video signal strongly enhances colors, and they 
> appear quite different on a TV than they do on your computer 
> screen. As a general rule, colors with saturation or brightness 
> exceeding 75% should not be used. To avoid bleeding, stay away 
> from fully saturated colors, especially reds, as much as 
> possible. Avoid two high contrast colors next to each other, 
> bleeding may occur. Oasis from Time Arts is one of the only 
> programs which allows you to paint with video legal colors. This 
> program permits you to open existing files and make them video 
> legal. The NTSC legal filter from Photoshop (thank you John 
> Knoll) can be accessed in many programs and will convert your 
> files to NTSC legal colors. Anti-aliasing helps a great deal; use 
> a program like Smoothie or JAG to anti-alias your files. 
> RayDream, with our consulting help, added a check box in the 
> �Save As� dialogue for NTSC legal colors in JAG. By checking this 
> box, you can anti-alias a single file, a folder of files, or a 
> PICS file, making them NTSC legal at the same time. 

> The best way to assure your graphics and animations are action, 
> title, and color safe, is to constantly check them on an 
> inexpensive TV (don�t use an expensive monitor - other people 
> will watch your graphics on regular TVs). If you own a NuVista 
> card, connect the composite output to a TV and regularly check 
> your files on it. You will instantly see the difference in 
> colors. A red on your computer screen may look dull and faded, 
> but will appear bright and lively on the TV. If your video card 
> cannot output a composite video signal, invest in a cheap 
> converter box. This will allow you to see the image you are 
> working on displayed on a connected TV at the same time. 

�

Abstracts from files in info-mac/info/hdwr as of Sun 20 Mar 2005


#### BINHEX     Powerbook-keyboard-remap.hqx   ****

From: haddock@lifesci.lscf.ucsb.edu
Subject: PowerBook Keyboard Remapping



These files explain how to make the row of function keys on your 
PowerBook (anything beyond the 100 series, unless I hear otherwise)
serve as PageUp, PageDown, Home, End, and Forward Delete.

You'll wonder how you ever did without them!

This version includes instructions which work with System 8. 


Steve
http://lifesci.ucsb.edu/~haddock






#### TEXT       apple-13in-monitor-fix-r2.txt   ****

Date: Wed, 8 Feb 1995 19:15:37 -0600
From: kuiyu@mail.utexas.edu (Kui-yu Chang)
Subject:  apple-13in-monitor-fix-r2

Document : apple-13in-monitor-fix.txt
Revision : 2
Date     : 31 Jan 1995
composer : kuiyu@mail.utexas.edu
           CHANG, Kui Yu (Julian)

1  MONITOR
----------
AppleColor 13" High-Resolution RGB monitor

2  PROBLEM
----------
Powers itself off sporadically, green power light goes off with switch still
stuck at 'ON' position.

3  SOLUTION 1

#### BINHEX     apple-pr-imaging.hqx   ****

Date: Wed, 6 Jan 1993 17:06:31 PST
From: The Moderators <info-mac-request@sumex-aim.stanford.edu>
Subject: [*] Apple Press Releases 1/6/93

Here are today's Apple press releases from AppleLink. The titles:

Apple Brings Color Printing Technology to Macintosh Users
Apple Announces New StyleWriter II Personal Printer and GrayShare
  Printer Software
Apple Unveils Collection of Color and Grayscale Imaging Products for
  Mainstream Macintosh Users
Apple Unveils ColorSync: Standardized Color Matching for Macintosh
Apple Unveils Color Scanner and New Ofoto 2.0 Image Capture Software
Apple Reduces Suggested Retail Prices on Selected Apple Imaging
  Products in the U.S.
Apple Introduces New Ergonomically Designed Keyboard and Mouse
Apple Introduces 600-dpi Workgroup Printers for Macintosh and Windows
  Computer Users

[Archived as /info-mac/report/apple-pr-930106.hqx; 27K]

#### TEXT       apple-sony-drive-fix.txt   ****

Subject: Added torque start-up ROMS for old Quantum drives (A) 
Date: Fri, 19 Jun 92 08:19:23 EDT 
From: Ephraim Vishniac <ephraim@Think.COM>


   A few weeks back, someone posted information suggesting that for
   those of us with old Quantum drives which appear to have problems
   starting when cold, there is a ROM update available.
   I would appreciate any specifics anyone has on this...

      SERVICE NOTICE: 20MB/40MB HARD DRIVE REPAIR EXTENSION PROGRAM

		   ( Copyright 1991, Apple Computer Inc.)
 
 
				 OVERVIEW
 
We have discovered that a certain batch of half-height internal 3.5" 20MB and
40MB hard drives and some external 3.5" 20MB and 40MB drives may have been
subjected to disk media contamination. These drives may experience a number of

#### BINHEX     apres-fax-20.hqx   ****

From: macbrick@knoware.nl
Subject: Apr�s Fax 2.0

Suppose you have a Fax-modem and you want to receive a fax late at
night or during your absence. Up to now the only way to do this was to
keep your Mac running at all times. No longer.

PreFax is a piece of hardware that enables soft power on/off Macs to
be turned on when the attached modem receives a telephone call (or fax
call). The Apr�s Fax control panel shuts down the Mac after a
designated period of time if the Mac was brought to life by the modem.
Together PreFax and Apr�s Fax can be used as an unattended fax
receiving machine.

New in version 2.0
Apr�s Fax can now tell an extension manager (not included) to only
load the extensions necessary to receive faxes. PreFax 2.0 fixes a
problem on newer Macs. Newer Macs, and those running system 7.5.1 and
up, can be shut down by pressing the power key on the keyboard. This
had an annoying side effect with the original Prefax hardware. This
version contains a fix.

Ronald Leenes and Roel Vertegaal
MacBrick@knoware.nl


#### TEXT       at-connector-substitute.txt   ****

Date: Wed, 22 Apr 92 07:59:18 +0200 
From: Christian Steffen Ove Franz <cfranz@iiic.ethz.ch>
Subject: Appletalk Substitute for $2 

Dear Moderators,

  enclosed please find an article I found on the usenet some time ago. It
describes how you can build your own appletalk compatible network connector
using only two or three condensers. Very easy, very cheap and works like a 
charm.



-------------------------- CUT HERE -----------------------------------

Here is the info on CapNet
  
By Nate Hawthorn  (Mr. 6502)      7/20/90
  
Updated 8/21/90

#### TEXT       att-dataport-144-modem.txt   ****

Date: Sat, 13 Mar 93 22:31:40 CST 
From: ehfm@midway.uchicago.edu (Eric Hoffmann)
Subject: AT&T DataPort 14.4K Report 

The AT&T DataPort 14.4K modem has generated a lot of interest on the
newsgroup comp.dcom.modems. An external model of this modem with Class 1
fax capability (including cable and QuickLink II fax software, yech!) is
being advertised in MacWeek (3-08-93) for $299. The offer is only good
through April 30, 1993. If you qualify under the Sysop program, your price
drops to $222. In response to the question recently posted to info-mac, I
sent one reply but thought that it would make more sense to summarize the
postings on comp.dcom.modems and prepare a report on this modem.

I have clipped responses from the following people on comp.dcom.modems 

karl@genesis.MCS.COM
dawson@willard.atl.ga.us
Adam.Frix@p18.f20.n226.z1.FIDONET.ORG
jmcging@access.digex.com


#### TEXT       av-dsp-faq-101.txt   ****

Subject: AV DSP Mini-FAQ v 1.01
From: bdenckla@husc7.harvard.edu (Benjamin Denckla)
Date: 7 Dec 1993 17:43:17 GMT

	This document contains information relevant to the AV Macs, 
especially in relation to the use and programming of their DSP chip.  It 
is the product of my own experience and many helpful responses I 
have received to posts I have made.  I have taken slight liberties in 
editing responses, so what you see below are not always the exact words 
of the contributors to the FAQ.  It is structured in the typical FAQ 
format of question and answer with the questions listed at the 
beginning.  Please write me with any additions to or comments about this 
document.

Ben Denckla
Manager
Harvard University Electronic Music Studio


1. Are modem/fax software and the GeoPort telecom adapter included?

#### BINHEX     caltech-ppc-intro.hqx   ****

From "harrym@netcom.com (Harry Myhre)" Sun Mar 13 08:50:29 1994
From: harrym@netcom.com (Harry Myhre)
Subject: [*] CalTech PowerPC Intro Invite
Date: Sun, 13 Mar 1994 08:51:19 -0800 (PST)

This Macintosh application allows you to view and print a map to the CalTech
introduction of the Macintosh PowerPC.


#### TEXT       centris-610-clock-mod-11.txt   ****

Date: Sun, 6 Jun 1993 01:13:15 -0700 (PDT) 
From: Guy Kuo <guykuo@u.washington.edu>
Subject: centris-clock-mod-11 

Text File for Tech folder which describes how to accelerate a Centris
610 to Centris 650 speeds and beyond by changing the clock oscillator.
This procedure is similar to that for the Quadra 700.

---------------------------------------------------
Centris 610 Clock Mod Version 1.1
by Guy Kuo

This information is only for those who are technically adept. The process 
requires soldering leads to surface mount components. This is not a good first
soldering project and should be done only with electrostatic discharge safe
equipment and the usual ESD workmats, etc. You will void your warranty. If you
ruin your motherboard, your friends will laugh at you.
 
Now that you have been properly warned, the procedure:
 

#### TEXT       centris-650-ethernet.txt   ****

Date: 22 Mar 1993 18:59:30GMT 
From: "Alun J. Carr" <ajcarr%ollamh.ucd.ie@Forsythe.Stanford.EDU>
Subject: [*] Centris Ethernet Report 

Dear All,

A week ago I sent out a request for information about the built-in ethernet
connection in a Centris 650 (as in our College Microstore didn't want me to
use it). I enclose the responses I received for filing as a report.

The consensus is that the inbuilt connector is the thing to use, with the
caveat that Apple's self-terminating transponders may cause problems. One
respondent seems to have had very bad problems with Quadra 700s, cause
unknown.

Many thanks to all those who replied.

Alun

A. J. Carr, Mech. Eng. Dept., UCD, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.

#### TEXT       centris-quadra-800-video.txt   ****

Date: Tue, 30 Mar 93 09:03:17 EST 
From: vita@sunny.dab.ge.com (Mark Vita)
Subject: Centris / Quadra 800 video report 

Here is a very informative report on the built-in video capabilities of the
Apple's new Centris 610/650 and Quadra 800 machines.  The report was
written by Dale Adams, the designer of the video hardware on those
machines.  It includes a complete description of the available resolutions
and bit depths, the types of monitors supported, and the video connector
pinouts (including the sense pin configurations necessary to enable the
various display types).

Mark Vita                                  vita@sunny.dab.ge.com
GE Simulation and Control Systems
Daytona Beach, FL


--------------------------------- cut here -------------------------------------

Built-In Video on the Macintosh Centris 610/650 and Quadra 800

#### BINHEX     changing-timing-crystal.hqx   ****

Date: Wed, 17 Nov 1993 09:13:05 -0700 (MST)
From: Russ Pagenkopf <cs000rjp@selway.umt.edu>
Subject: submission

This is a text file with good instructions on how to change the speed of your 
mac by changing the clock speed of the timing crystal. Written by Marc
Schrier (schrier@garnet.berkeley.edu), and humbly submitted with permission by
Russ Pagenkopf (cs000rjp@selway.umt.edu). Enjoy! 
----------

#### BINHEX     choice-stick.hqx   ****

Date: Fri, 10 Mar 1995 10:34:54 -0500
From: Lon D Pilot <airplane@chopin.udel.edu>
Subject: ChoiceStick Press Kit

    This file includes a press release and detailed information about the
ChoiceStick joystick adapter for the Macintosh. The detailed information
document is in DocMaker format, and requires no additional software to view.
Best results will be obtained by printing the detailed document, since it
includes scaled-down screenshots of the interface.


#### TEXT       classic-power-mods.txt   ****

Date: Thu, 2 Feb 95 19:09:26 GMT
From: tjfs@tadpole.co.uk (Tim Steele)
Subject: Classic Power Mods

Some tips on modifying Mac Classic Analog Boards!
-------------------------------------------------

If you want to modify a Mac Classic from 110v to 240v (or vice versa) use
these tables:

Late Revision Classic Analog Board (JP2 marked on PCB across CP13 location)

        110v            240v
JP1     Wire Link       -
JP2     -               Wire Link
CP1     220uF 250V      220uF 400V
CP13    220uF 250V      -
CP19    4.7nF 250V      10nF 250V               <-- Must be Class Y Rated
CP38    Wire Link       10nF 250V               <-- Must be Class Y Rated


#### BINHEX     clock-chipping-duo210-mcwrite-ii.hqx   ****

Date: Wed, 2 Nov 1994 10:16:05 +0100
From: r.e.leenes@bsk.utwente.nl (Ronald Leenes)
Subject: Duo 210 clock chipping text Rev II



--========================_30897681==_
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"

Dear Info-mac archivers,

Enclosed you will find a description of a clock modification for the Duo 210.
It describes how to modify (clock chip) the Duo 210 to 32 Mhz, without
soldering on the system board. All you need is silver glue and a
replacement oscillator.

This (Macwite II) file more or less replaces
/info/Hardware/clock-chipping-duo210-msword.hqx




--========================_30897681==_
Content-Type: application/mac-binhex40; name="Duo210_Clock_Mod_RevII"
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="Duo210_Clock_Mod_RevII"


#### BINHEX     clock-chipping-html.hqx   ****

From: schrier@garnet.berkeley.edu (Marc Schrier)
Subject: [*] Clock Chipping Home Page
Date: Tue, 29 Nov 1994 00:57:06 -0800 (PST)

I recently started a Clock Chipping Home Page, with information on
how to accelerate your Apple Macintosh computer.  For those of
you who do not have access to the World Wide Web, I will maintain a
stuffit file with all of the html files from the site.  The
package will work best if read with a WWW browser like Netscape
Mosaic which can be found at:
ftp://ftp.digital.com/pub/net/infosys/Netscape/mac/netscape093.sit.hq
x

The site, and this stuffit file, includes the latest Mac Crystal
Oscillator Speedup History file as well as others, with information
on accelerating the IIsi, IIfx, C610, C650, C660av, Q605, Q610, Q650,
Q660av, Q700, Q800, Q900, Q950, PM6100(av), PM7100(av),
PM8100(av), PPC PDS card, LCIII, LC475, PB's, and Duo's.

For those of you who use the WWW, the URL for the site is:
http://bambam.cchem.berkeley.edu/~schrier/mhz.html


						Marc Schrier

The file should appear in info-mac/info/hdwr


#### TEXT       clock-speeds.txt   ****

Date: Tue, 21 Sep 1993 09:30:29 -0500
From: pepper@rockvax.ROCKEFELLER.EDU (Chris Pepper)
Subject: Macintosh Clock Speeds II

>Date: Fri, 17 Sep 93 12:52:40 -0400
>From: barnett@amnh.org (Bill Barnett-Interdepartmental Laboratories)
>Subject: AV clock speeds
>
>Hello:
>        Could someone who can keep megahertzes in their head a little
>better than I lay out the clock speeds for the new AVs vis a vis their
>middle-aged Quadra counterparts?  I realize that clock speeds are not a
>measure of the machines performance, but the data would be helpful.
>Couldn't find it in MacWorld's report on these machines. Thanks.
>
>-Bill Barnett  barnett@amnh.org  American Museum of Natural History

------------------------------

        Following are the clock speeds and processors of all the Macs I can

#### TEXT       color-lcd-projection.txt   ****

Date: Thu, 14 Jan 1993 10:16:09 -0500
From: tas2@cornell.edu  (Thomas Scott)
Subject: Color LCD Projection Report

About 8 months ago, I requested info about users' experiences with LCD
projection panels.  I got a number of responses, and I was going to post
to sumex, but didn't get a chance to.  Yesterday I got a request from one
of
the Info-Mac readers to send him any info I did get.  It cleared out the
cobwebs, and I realized that there wasn't anything like this currently on
sumex, so I'm posting it now.

However, everything in the technology world changes almost on a daily
basis.
I'm sure there's been many changes, especially with the October rollout of
new Macs, and the never-ending run of 3rd party vendors to introduce new 
peripherals to keep up with Apple's changing line.

If you seen any changes in this field since last May that could enhance
this report, please send them to me at tas2@cornell.edu, and I'll udpate

#### TEXT       crystal-speedup-history-23.txt   ****

Date: Fri, 8 Apr 94 01:01:04 PST
From: Marc Schrier <schrier@garnet.berkeley.edu>
Subject: [*] Crystal Speedup History 2.3

Mac Crystal Oscillator Speedup History 2.3                April 1994

There has been a great deal of interest expressed over the net about 
these simple and inexpensive Macintosh modifications that yield 20-
40% speed increases.  Over the last year or so I have been doing a 
fair amount of crystal oscillator swapping/acceleration on Mac's, 
and gathering information from others.  I've made several posts to 
comp.sys.mac.hardware with the bulk of this info and as new 
machines come out, and new concerns surface, I will try to add them 
to this history of the modifications, post them on 
comp.sys.mac.hardware and make them available for anonymous ftp 
on sumex-aim.stanford.edu in /info-mac/info/hdwr.  Included in this 
version is some of the news on the PowerMac's and Marlin Prowell's 
new C650 modification.



#### TEXT       csm-hardware-faq-221.txt   ****

Date: Fri, 17 Jun 1994 08:39:48 +0700
From: eharold@sunspot.noao.edu (Elliotte Harold)
Subject: update hardware faq

Newsgroups: comp.sys.mac.hardware,comp.answers,news.answers
From: elharo@shock.njit.edu (Elliotte Rusty Harold)
Reply-To: elharo@shock.njit.edu (Elliotte Harold)
Organization: Department of Mathematics, NJIT
Summary: This document answers several of the most frequently asked 
	questions about Macintosh hardware on Usenet.  To avoid 
	wasting bandwidth and as a matter of politeness please 
	familiarize yourself with this document BEFORE posting.
Subject: Macintosh hardware frequently asked questions (FAQ)
Keywords: FAQ, Macintosh, mac, macintosh, Mac, hardware
Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.edu
Followup-To: comp.sys.mac.hardware

Archive-name: macintosh/hardware-faq
Version: 2.2.1
Last-modified: June 12, 1994

#### TEXT       daystar-powercache.txt   ****

Date: Fri, 1 May 92 13:57:05 MDT 
From: sharmony@nova.ta52.lanl.gov (Stephen C. Harmony)
Subject: [*] PowerCache performance in LC 

Dear Moderators:

I think the following report on the DayStar PowerCache performance in LC's would 
be a useful addition to the info-mac/reports directory.

The following explanation of how the PowerCache minimizes the effect of the LC's 
16-bit data path was written by Steve Tuttle, the Online Resources Mgr for 
DayStar Digital. I will submit an expanded report to the info-mac archives 
as soon as Steve forwards the results of the benchmark tests on the unenhanced 
LC and IIci, but the results as presented give a good indication of the 
performance difference between a PowerCache-enhanced LC and IIci.

"Altho it would appear intuitive that due to the 16 bit path on the LC you are
going to be forced to run slower, it is not necessarily the case. You see, all
Macs have some sort of delays inherent in their design: The II,IIx,IIcx, &
SE/30 all have 120ns RAM and require 2 wait states to be added to the memory

#### BINHEX     disk-partition-sizer-10b1-hc.hqx   ****

From: Ric Ford <ricford@world.std.com> (by way of igorl@uiuc.edu (Igor Livshits))
Subject: [*] Disk Partition Sizer 1.0B1 stack
Date: Sat, 29 Jan 1994 16:26:04 -0600



--========================_19861284==_
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"

Disk Partition Sizer is a simple stack that displays minimum file sizes for
any given Mac disk partition size. It may be useful for choosing partition
sizes to minimize wasted space. Compatible with HyperCard 2.1.



--========================_19861284==_
Content-Type: application/mac-binhex40; name="Disk_Partition_Sizer_1.0B1"
Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="Disk_Partition_Sizer_1.0B1"


#### TEXT       duo-faq.txt   ****

Date: Sat, 9 Jul 94 17:12:51 +0100
From: " nick.c " <nick@pitt.edu>
Subject: DuoFAQ


Folks:

    Included is the latest Duo FAQ.  It's a compilation of usefull
      information for powerbooks users, with a lot of specific info
      on the powerbook Duo.  Please add it to your archive.

                                            -- nick



   _/   _/  _/  _/_/_/   _/   _/  Sea Shells to C shells,  Waikiki to
  _/_/ _/  _/  _/   _/  _/_/_/     the Internet, a wave, is a wave...
 _/ _/_/  _/  _/       _/ _/
_/   _/  _/   _/_/_/  _/   _/  CompSrv: 71232,766 I-Net: Nick@pitt.edu
 

#### BINHEX     european-phone-connections.hqx   ****

Date: Thu, 13 Aug 92 01:28:03 -0400 
From: mingo@world.std.com (Charles H Mingo)
Subject: [*] European Phone Connections 

	After I mentioned this file last month, I received several requests
for it, so I thought I might as well send a copy to the archives.

	This is a file I obtained from the IBMEUROPE forum on CompuServe
which details how to connect a US modem to various European phone
systems (with a bonus file explaining the many different flavors of German
phone jacks).


#### BINHEX     extract-it-1571.hqx   ****

From: RISCfuture@aol.com
Subject: ExtractIt! for System 1.5.7 


ExtractIt! for System is a slim, fast, simple, and yet powerful diagnostics
and testing tool.  It will report you with information on over 50 system
components, and check your system for problems.  ExtractIt! for System has a
very light footprint, weighing in at 1 MB of RAM!  It even comes complete
with a fully functional Apple Guide.  It's the perfect solution for hardware
problems, or when you just want to know.  Version 1.5.7 fixes a
nasty pr…

Showing first 20,000 characters of 111,799 total. Open the full document →

Date: Mon, 16 Nov 92 17:12:48 GMT 
From: tjfs@tadtec.co.uk (Tim Steele)
Subject: PowerBook 100 Disassembly Instructions 

You may find these instructions worthy of putting on your FTP server
and/or spreading around.

Tim

--

Opening your PowerBook 100
==========================

WARNING: The PowerBook 100 is extremely fragile internally, and must
be treated with extreme care to avoid an expensive repair bill.  If
you're not sure what you're doing, don't do it!  If you break it, it's
your responsibility!

You MUST back up the RAM disk as this will be lost.  You are strongly
recommended to back up the hard disk as well.

Memory and disk drives are very fragile and must not be removed from
their anti-static packaging until you are grounded via an anti-static
mat and wristband.

DO NOT attempt to reinsert batteries until the machine is fully
assembled and screwed together.

You will need:

- Static mat with wristband and earth connection
- Clean tea-towel
- Jeweller's flat bladed screwdriver, smallest available
- 45 degree point Philips screwdriver
- Small flat bladed screwdriver

Notes on removing flat cables from sockets
------------------------------------------

The socket is in two parts which are pushed together to lock the cable
in place.  To remove the cable, use your fingernails to pull on the
two lugs at either side of the socket (in the direction of the cable,
not upwards) with equal force until it clicks out about 1-2mm.  The
cable may now be removed with an even pull.  When inserting, make sure
the end of the cable goes all the way into the socket and support it
so that it does not buckle.

PowerBook Disassembly
---------------------

Disconnect your PB100 from all peripherals, power supply etc.  Put
your PB on a static mat.  Wire the mat to mains earth.  Put on the
mat's wristband to earth yourself.

Close and latch the PB.  Remove the lithium batteries and put aside.
Remove the lead acid battery (use thumbnail in gap) and put aside.
Turn PB upside down.  Gently prise out the three round feet with the
jeweller's screwdriver without damaging them.  Put aside.  Unscrew the
three long Philips screws which were under the feet.  Put aside.  Turn
PB over.

Release latch and gently and slowly lift up the display.  When it is
clear of the body, lay it down screen up behind the machine being
extremely careful not to stress the wires.

If the display unit is to be disassembled, see below for details.

Lay the tea towel over the display.  Disengage the palm rest from the
front of the case and the keyboard.  Remove the palm rest and put it
aside.  Flip the keyboard over and lay it upside down on the tea
towel.  Be very careful not to stress the flat cables.

Installing a New Memory Module
------------------------------

If there is a memory module already installed, it must be removed
first.  To remove the old module, it must be levered out very
carefully using a wooden or plastic spatula placed between the memory
module and the motherboard.  Do not use a screwdriver.

Remove the new memory module from its anti-static bag and seal the old
module (if any) inside it for safe keeping.  Check the pins on the
motherboard connector to ensure they are straight.  Line the new
module up with the connector (at the left hand end of the keyboard
area).  Press down firmly on the connector site until it is fully
seated.

Upgrading the Disk Drive
------------------------

The brackets and screws for the Apple 20MB and 40MB hard drives are
NOT the same.  Make sure you have the right brackets and screws before
proceeding.  Apple part numbers are as follows:

Apple P/N	Description					UK Price
---------	-----------					--------

948-0149	Apple PowerBook 100 HD20 Mounting Brackets	#1.43
948-0157	Apple PowerBook 100 HD40 Mounting Brackets	#1.47
076-0557	Apple PowerBook 100 Universal Screw Kit		#0.49

Gently lift up the metal shield to reveal the flat cable connector.
Unlock and remove the flat cable (see above).

The hard drive has two spring steel brackets attached to it which hold
it in place.  Use a small flatbladed screwdriver to bend the right
hand ends of the brackets towards the drive, while lifting the right
hand end of the drive up slightly with your fingertips.  The result
should be that the brackets disengage from under the protrusions in
the lower case moulding.  When both brackets are disengaged, lift the
right hand end of the drive up and out; the left hand ends of the
brackets should slide out from their sockets and the whole drive
should lift out.

Very gently prise the SCSI connector away from the drive by inserting
a small flatbladed screwdriver between the black plastic connector on
the cable and the black plastic block on the drive.  Do not attempt to
pull it off using the cable, which will probably be damaged.

Remove the new drive from its anti-static and anti-vibration packaging
and pack the old drive in it for safe keeping.  Fit the new brackets
and screws to the new drive.  Be very careful to use the proper
screws.

Installing the new drive is fairly obvious once you have removed the
old one.  Be sure to fully insert the flat cable with the motherboard
connector held fully open, then fully lock the motherboard connector
by pressing on both ends simultaneously until the two halves are at
the same height.  Do not put any pressure on the flat cable itself.

Disassembling the Display Unit
------------------------------

Normally you should never need to do this.  Apple say any little black
bits in the LCD are normal, and there isn't a separate filter - the
LCD is all one sealed unit.  If you have noisy pots (display
brightness flickers etc.) gently prise off the knobs with a flat
bladed screwdriver and spray them with switch cleaner.  However, if
you must...

Carefully unplug the display from the main unit.  Be sure to only
apply force to the connector body, not to the thin wires coming out of
it (which will break if you do).  Put the main unit somewhere safe.

Unscrew the four large silver bolts which pass through the silver
hinge plates and put aside.  Pull off the grey plastic hinge covers,
but be careful not to get grease on your fingers - if you do, clean it
off before smearing it all over everything.  Using a flat bladed
screwdriver, very gently disengage the grey tabs holding the tunnel to
the lower hinge moulding.  This will pop out.  Prise off the contrast
and brightness knobs with a flat blades screwdriver, and prise out the
two little rubber screw caps from the front bezel (one is very near
the knobs).  Unscrew the black screws thus exposed with the right size
screwdriver - be careful not to damage the heads.  Looking at the
lower edge of the display unit, you will see two little tabs
preventing the top bezel from sliding down with respect to the rest of
the unit.  Insert a small screwdriver to disengage these tabs while
applying gentle downwards pressure to the bezel.  After a bit of
fiddling the bezel will slide downwards and disengage.

The display may be removed by undoing the four black screws, lifting
up VERY GENTLY - there are short flat cables underneath - disengaging
the latches (see above) and removing the cables.  Unplug the
fluorescent lamp at the inverter PCB.

Reassembly
----------

If the display unit has been disassembled, reassemble this first.  Be
very careful not to damage the tabs on the tunnel and not to get
grease everywhere from the hinges.

Carefully engage the palm rest.  If the drive has been changed, make
sure the palm rest goes into place properly; if the drive has not been
installed correctly it will flex the plastic upwards in the drive
area; this must be put right before the unit can be reassembled.

Very carefully engage the keyboard without stressing the flat cables.
Hook the two tabs at the front under the palm rest.  Remove the tea
towel, then carefully engage the display with the lower half.  When
this is done, close and latch the display half.  Turn the unit over
and reinsert the screws.  Reinsert the three feet and make sure they
are secure.

Reinsert the lead acid battery followed by the three lithium
batteries, which should be carefully polished beforehand on the tea
towel to remove any contamination from your fingers.  Make very sure
you put the lithium batteries in the right way round - if you insert
them upside down you will destroy your PowerBook.

Testing
-------

Power the machine up and see if it boots.  If you have replaced the
drive you may need to install a system on it using the floppies
provided with your PowerBook.  Be sure to power off before connecting
the floppy drive.

Check "About this Macintosh..." on the File menu and see if the Total
Memory corresponds with what you have installed.



Opening your PowerBook 100 External Floppy Drive
================================================

Parts required:

Very small jeweller's flat bladed screwdriver

Disconnect your drive from your PowerBook.  Plug yourself into an
earthed static mat via a wrist band.  Open the front flap and remove
it by flexing it very carefully until one of the two grey plastic pips
disengages from its black plastic socket.  Put the flap aside.

Using the jeweller's screwdriver, insert it into the rectangular slot
next to one of the black plastic sockets and pry the socket out.  It
should come out very easily with no damage to the socket or the case.
Do the same on the other side.  These sockets lock the two halves of
the case together and prevent them from sliding apart.

The top half of the case will now slide about 1cm and lift off.

If you wish to remove the metal shield from the top of the drive, use
the jeweller's screwdriver to free each of the metal lugs.  Be
careful not to distort it or to damage the drive underneath.

The flat cable may be disconnected - see above.




(c) 1992 Tim Steele, all rights reserved.  These instructions may only
be reproduced with this copyright notice, and may not be sold or form
part of material which is sold.  They may be distributed free of
charge by electronic or other means.  Under no circumstances is the
author responsible for any errors in these instructions or any damage
which may result from following them.

Date: Sun, 6 Jun 1993 01:13:15 -0700 (PDT) 
From: Guy Kuo <guykuo@u.washington.edu>
Subject: centris-clock-mod-11 

Text File for Tech folder which describes how to accelerate a Centris
610 to Centris 650 speeds and beyond by changing the clock oscillator.
This procedure is similar to that for the Quadra 700.

---------------------------------------------------
Centris 610 Clock Mod Version 1.1
by Guy Kuo

This information is only for those who are technically adept. The process 
requires soldering leads to surface mount components. This is not a good first
soldering project and should be done only with electrostatic discharge safe
equipment and the usual ESD workmats, etc. You will void your warranty. If you
ruin your motherboard, your friends will laugh at you.
 
Now that you have been properly warned, the procedure:
 
1) Apply ESD equipment and open the Mac. The power should be disconnected and
   the machine properly grounded. Disconnect and remove the hard drive to gain
   access to the clock oscillator. The metal shield in front of the hard drive
   pops off. The hard drive then slides forward and out.
 
2) Look just in front of the CPU. You will see a small 4 pin plastic IC
   which is marked 10 MHz. That is the original clock. You may either desolder
   it and replace with a new clock of a higher speed or install a socket. I
   prefer to place a socket.
 
3) Assuming you wish to add a socket, obtain a 14 pin IC socket. Remove all
   pins except numbers 1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12 and 14. If you use a machined
   pin socket simply push the unwanted pins out with a needle nose plier. 

4) Cut the socket leads off the corner pins (#1, 7, 8 & 14) The remaining
   four central leads will later attach to the original oscillator.           
                      

5) Use some hook up wire on the underside of the socket to connect
   pin 5 to pin 7.

6) Connect pin 8 to pin 10.

7) Connect pin 12 to pin 14

8) Mount the socket such that pins of the socket match the oscillator pins
   as below. This means the socket's four pins ride on top of the original
   oscillator's leads. Simple lap joint soldering holds the socket in place.

    Socket      Oscillator
      3             1                                                         
 
      5             2
     10             3
     12             4                              

9) Install a wire jumper between socket holes 3 and 5. This grounds the output
   enable pin 1 of the existing oscillator disabling it.

10) Install a full size TTL oscillator into your 14 pin socket. Pin 1 of the
   new oscillator goes into pin 1 of the socket.

11) Add a heatsink and (optionally?) a cooling fan to the CPU. I routinely
   add a cooling fan on top of my heatsinks for this type of modification.
   A 40 mm low profile 12 volt fan will do nicely.

12) Turn on the machine and it should "Bong" as usual. If not, IMMEDIATELY 
   turn power off and recheck your connections.

If you do not understand how this procedure works, very seriously reconsider
whether YOU should be doing it.

To run the machine at normal speed, unplug your oscillator and remove the
jumper wire between socket holes 3 & 5.

Remember the numbering of the socket top view is:

      14--12   10---8
      ----------------
     |                |
      >               |
     |     /--\       |
      ----------------
      1   3    5----7

The on board oscillator pins are numbered:

          4    3
          ------
         |      |
         >      |
         |      |
          ------
          1    2


Clock chip speed is 1/2 the desired speed so order appropriately. Do not
obtain clock oscillators with output enable on pin 1 for this procedure.
If you insist on output enable oscillators, you must add a 1 k resistor
between socket pins 1 and 14 to enable your new oscillator.

Digikey at 1-800-DIGIKEY is a reasonable parts supplier. Here are some part
numbers:

    ED3314	   14 Pin Machined gold contact socket
    HS154ND	   0.25 inch tall heatsink for 68040 with clips

         Some reasonable clock oscillators to obtain are:

    CTX114    10 MHz
    CTX131    12 MHz
    CTX115    14.3 MHz
    X127      14.7 MHz

Please send E-mail so I can gather and summarise successes and problems
with this modification. Good luck and enjoy your new super fast C610.

Guy Kuo <guykuo@u.washington.edu>

From: wrr3118@ariel.tamu.edu (Rick Russell)
Subject: REPORT: Repair options for internal FDHD
Date: Mon, 7 Feb 1994 15:30:20 -0600 (CST)


A while back, I wrote:

> My Mac IIfx's floppy drive has just given up the ghost, completely.  I
> don't think it's dust, or contamination, or anything easy to fix, and
> it's beginning to look like replacement is the only real option.

and I asked for some input.

I haven't decided on a final solution yet, although I did find out
that a company called "Pre-Owned Electronics" (check your favorite Mac
magazine's small ad/classified section for details) offers a
refurbished, 90-day-warranted replacement FDHD for $169, and they'll
give you $40 for a trade-in of a damaged drive. That's a net cost of
$129, which is the best net cost I've seen yet.

The following (edited) messages contain information on
repair/replacement of damaged FDHD drives. Thanks to everyone who
replied. Particular thanks go to those who provided specific data on
repair options, and to david randall for a fantastic message on the
pros and cons of various repair options.

If anyone wishes to add to their replies, or submit news ones, I'll be
happy to update the report.

Rick Russell  ***  rick-russell@tamu.edu  **  IRCnick: Cobalt

Messages follow:

> From: Wells@mcc.com (Derrell Wells)
> Subject: Re: Cheap 1.44Meg FDHD replacement?

> Rick you still have a repair option. Try SoftSolutions in Eugene, OR. I
> have used them a number of times to repair floppy drives and have never had
> a problem with them. Give them a call and they will give you a quote over
> the phone. Here is their address:
>         Soft Solutions
>         907 River Road, Suite #98
>         Eugene, OR 97404
>         Sales 503-461-1136
>         Fax    503-461-2005

> From: Parimal Jobanputra <PARIMAL@DUVM.OCS.DREXEL.EDU>
> Subject:      FDHD available -2nd note

> I have a single used 1.44 meg Apple FDHD for sale.  It works fine and can
> be yours for a total of $150 (including ground shipping and COD charges).

> Let me know either way.

> My email address is parimal@duvm.ocs.drexel.edu
 
(Note: I did not take him up on his offer, which still stands as far
 as I know).
 
> From: Fred G Martin <fredm@media.mit.edu>
> Subject: Re: Cheap 1.44Meg FDHD replacement?

(Re: Applied Engineering External Drive)
> Isn't that device a SCSI drive?  I -think- it is, but you'd better
> check.  I think it's a good shot, though.

> Yeah:  Sun Marketing will repair your drive for $109 (assuming it's
> not a head problem), or exchange it for a refurbished one for $189.
> They've been in business for 11 years, so they're a pretty reliable
> establishment.  800 821 3221.

> Oh, about the floptical:   just checking that you know they can't read
> Mac 800K format diskettes.

> 	-Fred

> From: randall@indigo.ucdavis.edu (David Randall)
> Subject: Re: Cheap 1.44Meg FDHD replacement?

> Rick: We have run into a similar problem in our lab.  Unfortunately,
> it seems as though some bucks are required to fix the problem.  If
> you are willing to do the installation yourself you can save some
> money.  The swap is really not very difficult, I (a not too
> technical minded person) have taken the drive in and out several
> times.  The hardest part is getting the lid off the pesky MacII
> cases.

> Shreve Systems in Shreveport, Lousiana (don't have 800#, see
> MacWEEK) will sell you an "official" apple/sony 1.44 floppy drive
> that is supposedly brand new with a full one year warranty for $199
> (i believe - at worst it's $299).  Sounds pretty good, but wait
> there's more.  They will give you a credit for your old modem.  A
> couple of weeks ago, it was $100.  So now you are saving
> considerablly (at least $70) over your educational price.  If you
> have any old mac "junk" sitting around collecting dust you can
> resell it to shreve for credit.  I have not been involved in
> purchasing anything from these people, I know of one happy customer.

> I checked into getting a drive through our apple authorized repair
> shop.  Dumb as it may sound (well maybe not), Apple would only send
> REFURBISHED drives to them, for the same price as i could walk over
> to our apple authorized dealer and buy a new one.  It seems like a
> pretty good idea to buy NEW.

> You mentioned purchasing a floptical as a replacement for your
> floppy.  We were lured into that trap.  I love our floptical!!! It
> is most excellent.  But there are a couple of problems with using it
> to REPLACE a floppy.  First, the one we have (i assume all others)
> will NOT read 800k floppies, it's idea of a double density disk is
> 720k (like in pc world).  You can format DD mac disks using the
> floptical to 720k, but you won't be able to read 800k disks.  Newer
> flopticals may have addressed this problem, but i sort of doubt it -
> ask the dealer.

> The other down side of replacing a floppy with a floptical is that
> sometimes you need to boot from a floppy, like if your hard drive
> crashes, and various other nightmare instances.  You CAN boot from a
> floptical, but you will have to change the boot device, since the
> floptical uses the scsi bus, like your hard drive.  If you have had
> a catostrophic failure, you may not be able to access this control
> panel.  Even in this event you are still not up the creek with out a
> paddle, as you can reset the floptical's scsi id to 0 (the normal
> boot up device value) and change the hard drive's scsi id.  This
> should work, but I have not actually tried it.

> The bottom line is that there are a few times when you simply MUST have a
> floppy drive.  Maybe that would be more accurately phrased:  There are
> times when your life would really be much more simple if you had a floppy
> drive.  

> Of couse if you are really interested in saving some money, perhaps you
> could purchase an 800k drive.  

> By the way, we are in the middle of replacing our broken floppy, but
> have not actually done the dirty deed yet.  As i mentioned our
> floptical works very well for data archival, etc.  Please don't
> misconstrue my negative remarks about this one aspect of the
> floptical as not liking my floptical.  These are the only things
> about it which i don't like.

> If you are interested in the shreve option, reply and i'll check my
> macweek.  good luck.

>     david randall                                randall@chem.ucdavis.edu

> Subject: Re: Cheap 1.44Meg FDHD replacement?
> From: stubbs@cs.ukans.edu

> I just happend to know that apple just drastically reduced 
> their exchange and outright purchase price of superdrives
> to well under $150. I don't know what a mac service dealer
> adds on top for markup and installation, but maybe you 
> could try a different dealer.

> SO you think you can't fix the drive?  I've fixed quite 
> a few, but their are some that really go, and some
> require a rather lenghty disassembly and lube.
>  
> stubbs@cs.ukans.edu

(My thanks again to those who replied - Rick)

From: ace@tidbits.halcyon.com (Adam C. Engst)
Subject: 3D controllers 
Date: Wed, 5 Feb 92 13:44:57 PDT 


In Regards to your letter <9202050117.AA30133@sumax.seattleu.edu>:
> Does anyone out there know how to convert a Mattel PowerGlove (for Nintendo
> I think) to the Mac, preferably through the ADB port? I realize that the
> software driver would have to be created, but for now I'm more interested
> in the hardware specs. (Of course, anyone who has any ideas about the driver,
> please let me know)...

Well, since these issues of TidBITS aren't readily available (but
send email to fileserver@tidbits.halcyon.com with the word locations
in the Subject: to find out where most back issues can be found),
I'll repost this information from TidBITS#19 and TidBITS#64...

cheers ... Adam C. Engst, TidBITS Editor

TidBITS#19/03-Sep-90

The first of the video game decks to attain massive popularity
was the Atari VCS, but it died down and was replaced several
years later by the Nintendo Entertainment System. I've never
seen one of these decks, but even the videotape rental stores
around here now carry Nintendo games, so I suspect their
popularity may surpass that of the Atari VCS. "Why does he
care?" you ask, quite reasonably.

Well, a company called Transfinite Systems (TS) has introduced a
little ADB device called Gold Brick, which provides
translations between a Mac or Apple IIgs and various
Nintendo-compatible controller devices. (Luckily, Transfinite
Systems sent us the Gold Brick manual, because the concept of a
controller interface is not one that is inherently obvious.)
Nintendo-controller compatibility is an interesting ability,
because some Nintendo games support 2D and 3D motion using a
number of different controllers. Again, I haven't seen any of
these devices, but Gold Brick can translate controller input
from the Broderbund UForce, the Nintendo Power Pad, the
Enteractive Roll&Rocker and the Mattel Power Glove. (Game
companies are very serious about trademarks, as you can tell.) 
Of these, the only one I know anything about is the Power
Glove, because it is a commercial version of the Data Glove
used in the virtual reality experiments. With the Data Glove
(or presumably the Power Glove), you can move virtual objects
around in a virtual space (viewed through a head-mounted
display system).

Transfinite Systems has chosen an interesting method of
marketing Gold Brick. By designing it to work with inexpensive
and commercially available controllers, Transfinite is using an
existing market to create a potentially new one. The first
applications of Gold Brick will no doubt be ports of Nintendo
games or even communications between the game deck and the Mac
through Gold Brick. However, after some games have broken the
ground, we expect that drivers for the 3D graphics applications
like Swivel 3D and Super 3D will be written. Rotating a 3D
solid with a Power Glove should be a lot easier than doing the
same thing with the mouse. After that, our imagination is the
limit for new methods of controlling virtual objects. Gold
Brick's sub-title is "The Cyberspace Interface," which hints at
the cyberspace environment of William Gibson's "Neuromancer"
and "Mona Lisa Overdrive." For standard applications of today,
though, the user can specify 2D motions or keystrokes for the
Gold Brick translations, allowing people to explore and design
alternate forms of interface manipulators. One way or another,
Gold Brick sounds like it might help introduce the next
generation of controllers.

Transfinite Systems * 617-969-9570

TidBITS#64/03-Jun-91

Way back when in September of 1990 (i.e. the good old days :-)),
I wrote about a controller interface device called the Gold
Brick. The Gold Brick is an interesting idea - it acts as an
interface between the Mac's ADB and a variety of 2-D and 3-D
controllers made for Nintendo games. Back then, the Gold Brick
was relative vapor, but it now appears that Transfinite Systems
is shipping an upgraded version of the Gold Brick along with a
cheaper interface for users, called the Nugget. The Gold Brick
sells for $245 and the Nugget for $169, and although you could
buy the Nintendo controllers from the company, they encourage
users to look for cheaper prices in toy and electronics stores.

The main upgrade to the Gold Brick is the ability to accept more
in the way of 3-D input, so the device can now accept 3-D
forward and backward signals, as well as roll controls.
Needless to say, such ability greatly increases the
controller's utility for interactive use with simulated 3-D
objects. The other upgrade to the Gold Brick is the ability to
work with the Nintendo Power Pad, which I've never seen, but
which I gather is kind of like a game of Twister with
electronic sensors built in. Such a device would be extremely
useful for architects and engineers working with programs like
Virtus WalkThrough, although you might need a lot of processing
power to take advantage of the combination. The main Nintendo
device that I would like to try with the Gold Brick is the
Power Glove. It's a slightly scaled down version of the glove
used by the virtual reality people, but is definitely a step in
the right direction as far as computer controls go. I suspect
that it wouldn't even be all that hard to combine the Power
Glove technology with the Infogrip's chord keyboard technology
so you could type on a virtual keyboard. I suppose that would
produce a whole slew of hypochondriacs complaining of virtual
repetitive strain injuries. :-)

As much as the Gold Brick is impressive, Vivid Effects of
Toronto has an even better idea. In Mandala, they've made the
controller itself virtual by using a video camera attached to
an Amiga and some custom hardware. The camera films you and can
insert you into an animation from a paint program or into a
laserdisc, at which point you can interact with the other
entities in the reality to the extent the software allows.
Currently, Vivid Effects has two versions, a high-end version
that interfaces with a laserdisc and a low-end version that
only requires a video camera and a digitizing board and is much
cheaper, but can't work with the laserdisc.

Using the virtual controller gives Mandala a number of
advantages over current controller schemes. You don't have to
wear goggles or a body suit or a glove or anything like that,
and other people can join in the same reality with ease. In
addition, the Mandala technology makes it easier to mix virtual
controls with real ones, if for instance, you were in a cockpit
simulation. Vivid Effects said that Mandala is quite popular,
especially with science museums and the like because they could
set up a virtual reality and let lots of visitors play with it.
They expect a significant increase in popularity when they port
the hardware to the Mac and the PC, since the Amiga, for all
its features, is still a fairly limited market.

Transfinite Systems * 617/969-9570
Vivid Effects * 416/340-9290

Date: Wed, 27 Oct 1993 19:49:25 +0100 
From: Dominique Petitpierre <petitp@divsun.unige.ch>

2415*/S=petitp/OU=divsun/O=unige/PRMD=switch/ADMD=arcom/C=ch/@MH        S> 
To: Info Mac <info-mac@sumex-aim.stanford.edu>
Subject: son of SUMMARY: Is the Apple 8*24 GC video display board worth
        something? 
Resent-To: backmod
Resent-Date: Wed, 27 Oct 1993 18:56:02 PDT
Resent-From: Info-Mac Moderator <macmod@camis.Stanford.EDU>

The summary that I posted posted in Info-Mac and comp.sys.mac.hardware a few
days ago ("SUMMARY:  Is the Apple 8*24 GC video display board worth
something?")  stirred a few more comments that relativize the very negative
opinions that were expressed.

In short:
The card can be used as a good non accelerated 24 bits color card if it is
used with the proper drivers (8*24GC 7.0.1 driver and "Cache On" extensions).
The possibility of extending its GWorld memory (with the same SIMMS as for a
MacIIfx) makes it useful for some applications.  Newer versions work with a
832x764 pixels 16" monitor.

As the price that I was quoted (400$ second hand) is still more than the
standard 24 bits card (330$ list price in Switzerland), I won't buy it.


Here are the comments I received.  Many thanks to their authors who took the
time to write to me!  For those who missed it, the first summary is available
by FTP on sumex-aim.stanford.edu in the file
/info-mac/info/hdwr/worth-of-8-24-gc-card.txt
[Note to the Info-Mac moderator: could you please append this second summary
to that file? Thanks!]

================================================================
From:        (Bailey Szeto) <bszeto@netcom.com>

Here's some additional info/clearification on the 8.24GC board. I recently
was employed by Apple to do some compatibility testing and got the chance
to play with the 8.24GC a bit.

In article <1993Oct20.090854.27980@news.unige.ch> you wrote:
: - Name:  Macintosh II Display Card 8.24 GC (I believe this is what appears in
: 	 the window when you click the "Options" button of the "Monitors"
: 	 Control Panel.)
: - resolutions:
:          max 16.7 million colors on a 640 x 480 pixels monitor
:          max 256 grays on a 640x870 pixels monitor
: 	 max 256 grays on a 1152x870 pixels monitor

Newer versions of the card will also support 16.7 million colors on a 
832x764 monitor (16" display).  This was the last change to the card, in
fact the code name for this project was "Cheap Date". 


: - video: RS-343 and RS-170 (NTSC, interlaced); only 256 colors with "Apple
:          convolution" for flicker free display.
: - extensibility:
: 	 2 SIMMS slots to add up to 8 MB extra memory for "processing
:          large off screen graphics" (retranslated back from French :-),
:          notice that it won't let you use a larger monitor).

The extra Simm slots are for a expanded "GWorld".  It is indeed for processing
large off screen graphics, but not many programs take advantage of this.

: Facts from Larry Pina's book "MacIntosh Repair and Upgrade Secrets", Simon &
: Schuster (pp 132, 140, 142,144, 149, 169):

: - DRAM upgrade (p 140):
:         Official Apple Macintosh Display Card DRAM Kit (part M0505LLA/A, 2
: 	1MB SIMMS) or generic SIMMS up to 8MB total. 

The second part of the above statement in incorrect.  It uses 64 pin simms
(the same as the IIfx, laserwriter NTX simms).


: Answers received by Wednesday October 20th:

: >The acceleration on the GC is incompatible with System 7. You have to turn
: >it off.

This used to be true, but it has been fixed.  There is a GC extension for
system 7.01 (not 7.1). However, turning accelleration on doesn't really
speed things up.  You might get a 10% increase in graphics performance,
but you'll also get a speed hit on other areas. In fact, the speedometer
results show that a IIci is *slower* with acceleration turned on.

The 8.24GC card is not what you're looking for if you want an accelerated
card.  However, if it is a newer version (one that supports 24 bit color
on 16" monitors) than it might be worth a look if the price is cheap 
enough.  The 8.24GC is a fine *unaccelerated* display card, it's when
you use the acceleration INIT that problems appear.

By the way, last I heard some engineer had written a JPEG program that
uses the GC's RISC processor to display JPEGs really quickly. He told me
"I couldn't stand to let that huge chunk of silicon just sit there, so
I might was well take advantage of it somehow..."

.......

================================================================
From:       Sam Sheng <ssheng@zabriskie.EECS.Berkeley.edu>

......

In any case, I've been quite happy with my 8*24GC running with a IIfx.
I've had few compatibility problems, and the 8*24GC 7.0.1 driver 
does exist (still works fine, even under System 7 Pro).  Mainly, the
problems I've had have been with games that do ill-behaved direct
screen writes, but for example Chuck Yeager's Air Combat works just
fine, both in direct screen-write and Quickdraw modes.

There is one little bug that Apple hasn't told a lot of people how
to solve; the driver turns off both the data and program caches.  There
was a little init called Cache On that fixed this problem, and your
machine really flies after this.  (Several people have complained
that the machine actually got slower after putting the System7
8*24GC driver, most notably IIci owners.  This is the cause).

The GWorld memory is used by the on-board AMD29000 processor to
do local drawing work during idle cycles.  It is NOT VRAM (as a lot
of people seem to think).  This accelerates drawing
speeds by quite a bit, since you're not limited by the NuBus backplane.
There were initial plans to have the quicktime init download decompression
code to run in GWorld, but I think it got shelved.  The one notable program
that supports GWorld heavily is Photoshop 2.5.1; it makes a big difference
in speed when working with and without GWorld (make sure it's 2.5.1;
2.5 didn't work right for some reason).

All in all, it was worth it to me; I paid something like $800 for it
back about 2 years ago, and I haven't regretted it.  You do have to
have the Cache On init to make it work right, but beyond that it's
served me well.  BTW, at this point, I have two of them in the fx
just for kicks (the second one was free; somebody was throwing it
out).

I seem to be the minority opinion on this, though,
from your other responses.... =)

........

================================================================
From:       Arthur B. Busbey <BUSBEY@TCUCVMS.bitnet>

.......

  I just ran across the e-mail concerning the 8-24GC card from Apple. I also
think you made the best decisions - there are other accelerated 24-bit
cards out there that work on 040 machines and in System 7.0.x and 7.1. I
just dropped this line to explain about the RAM slots on the card (they are
also on other accelerated cards).

  This RAM, as someone in the messages said, is for GWorld support. GWorld
is a set of screen management routines in System 7.x that greatly facilitate
programming in color for multiple monitors and for allowing easier animation
on single monitors. They allow the programmer to write screens into offscreen
buffers as thought they were writing to an active screen and then move the
GWorld (GraphicsWorld) buffer into the real screen very fast. Those programs
that support (e.g. use) GWorld calls greatly benefit from additional GWorld
RAM out on graphics cards, because new screens (or portions of current
screens) can be saved in the GWorld RAM and very rapidly (on the card)
be moved into the 'real' screen. I have 4 megabytes of RAM in the GWorld
buffer on my RasterOps 24si card and can really tell the difference in
Photoshop and in the satellite image processing software Multispec (which both
use GWorld calls).

.........

--
Mr. Dominique Petitpierre / ISSCO, University of Geneva, Switzerland
petitp@divsun.unige.ch/ S=petitp;OU=divsun;O=unige;PRMD=switch;ADMD=arcom;C=ch

Date: Tue, 21 Sep 1993 09:30:29 -0500
From: pepper@rockvax.ROCKEFELLER.EDU (Chris Pepper)
Subject: Macintosh Clock Speeds II

>Date: Fri, 17 Sep 93 12:52:40 -0400
>From: barnett@amnh.org (Bill Barnett-Interdepartmental Laboratories)
>Subject: AV clock speeds
>
>Hello:
>        Could someone who can keep megahertzes in their head a little
>better than I lay out the clock speeds for the new AVs vis a vis their
>middle-aged Quadra counterparts?  I realize that clock speeds are not a
>measure of the machines performance, but the data would be helpful.
>Couldn't find it in MacWorld's report on these machines. Thanks.
>
>-Bill Barnett  barnett@amnh.org  American Museum of Natural History

------------------------------

        Following are the clock speeds and processors of all the Macs I can
remember.  This is the second time I'm posting this, and includes the AV
machines.  Comments, suggestions, & criticisms welcomed.

Lisa
XL
Macintosh (128)
512 (Fat Mac)
Plus
SE
        use   8Mhz 68000

Portable
PB 100
        use  16Mhz 68000

II + MC68881 FPU
LC (I)
        use  16Mhz 68020: no PMMU

IIcx + MC68882 FPU
IIx + MC68882 FPU
SE/30 + MC68882 FPU
LC II
IIvi (don't believe it includes an FPU)
PB 140
        use  16Mhz 68030

IIsi
        use  20Mhz 68030

IIci + MC68882 FPU
LC III
PB 145
PB 145B
PB 170 + MC68882 FPU
PB 160
PB Duo 210
        uses 25Mhz 68030

IIvx
PB 180 + MC68882 FPU
PB 165c + MC68882 FPU
PB 165
PB Duo 230
        use  33Mhz 68030

IIfx + MC68882 FPU
        uses 40Mhz 68030

Centris 610
        uses 20Mhz 68040

Centris 650 (68040 includes FPU functions)
Centris 660AV (+ 55MHz AT&T DSP) (68040 includes FPU functions(?))
Quadra 700 (68040 includes FPU functions)
Quadra 900 (68040 includes FPU functions)
*LC IV
*Quadra 605
*Quadra 610
        use  25Mhz 68040

Quadra 800 (68040 includes FPU functions)
Quadra 950 (68040 includes FPU functions)
*Quadra 650 (68040 includes FPU functions)
        use  33Mhz 68040

Quadra 840AV (+ 66MHz AT&T DSP)
        uses 40Mhz 68040

        All processors, coprocessors, and MMUs are Motorola (e.g. MC68040),
but DSPs are AT&T.

        668RC040 includes FPU functions on-chip; 68LC040 doesn't.  There's
a 68LC030, but I don't recall how it differs from the 68RC030 -- possibly
FPU or MMU support.  All included FPUs are clocked at the same speed as the
CPU.

        All 68030s & 68040s include MC68851 PMMUs (Paged Memory Mangement
Units -- necessary for virtual memory); Mac II can accept one in a built-in
socket.

        * means projected for October release; these are speculation and rumor.

Date: Sun, 28 Nov 1993 13:03:46 -0400 (EDT)
From: Dieder Bylsma <dbylsma@uoguelph.ca>
Subject: Apple's PowerPC Q&A (22k)

Forwarded from Mac-L: info on PowerPC

>FYI. Q & A on the PowerPC Macintosh in five easy lessons:
>Customer Issues
>Transition Issues
>System Software Issues
>Application Issues
>Competitive Issues
>
>About 22K of Apple propaganda follows. Delete now if this stuff doesn't
>interest you.
>------------------------

Produced by Apple Performance Development in cooperation with Jim Gable,
Product Marketing Manager, PowerPC 10/29/93

 CUSTOMER ISSUES

   Q:  How do I briefly explain and position Macintosh with PowerPC?
   A:  Macintosh with PowerPC is the next generation of personal computing.
- A price/performance breakthrough based on RISC technology.
- Offers smooth migration paths for both Mac and PC users.
- Has excellent future growth on the Apple, IBM and Motorola alliance.

   Q:  Why should any customer want a PowerPC-based computer?
   A:  PowerPC offers substantial price/performance gains over the 680x0
and x86 series of microprocessors.  This performance gain lends itself to
the emergence of new and exciting technologies, including speech
recognition, telephony, video, and a multitude of other powerful
capabilities.  Further extending the power and performance of the Macintosh
platform will enable customers to increase their productivity using today's
computing solutions as well as making brand new solutions possible -- at an
affordable price.  Additionally, Apple's first products based on PowerPC
are the beginning of a new family of RISC-based products.  While the Intel
world is stretching an old architecture, PowerPC is the start of a new
technology curve.

   Q:  Will a PowerPC Macintosh "look" different than a Macintosh today?
   A:  The primary operating system for the PowerPC Macintosh is System
7-the same operating system shipping with every Macintosh today.  Unlike
other vendors who require users to switch to a new operating system to
benefit from RISC technology, Apple is moving our mainstream operating
system to PowerPC technology.  Users the get power of RISC technology, the
familiar Macintosh user interface, and need no re-training.

   Q:  How do I position PowerPC to a current Macintosh customer?
   A:  For a Macintosh user, the PowerPC story is simple.  It's a
Macintosh.   Your old software just works.  New software is really fast.

   Q:  How do I position PowerPC to a DOS/Windows-friendly audience?
   A: Here we need to explain the advantages of making the technology leap
to RISC technology.  Once people understand this, we can show why Apple has
an excellent migration story.

   Q:  As a Windows user, why should I even care about Apple's PowerPC
machines?
   A:  PowerPC offers a price/performance breakthrough in comparison to the
x86 architecture that Windows users run today.  By migrating to PowerPC,
DOS/Windows users step onto this stronger growth path while maintaining
software flexibility.

 TRANSITION ISSUES

   Q:  Apple will be selling both 680x0-based and PowerPC-based Macintosh
systems. How will a customer know which to buy?
   A:  As they have in the past, customers will make their purchase
decisions with certain criteria in mind:  features, price, performance,
etc.  New to their decision process, though, will be the features and
capabilities enabled by the performance breakthrough of PowerPC.  As usual,
there will be a "ladder" of choices built on price vs. performance,
including both 680x0-based and PowerPC-based systems.  Customers will
choose where their needs fit into that ladder.  Just as Apple sold millions
of 68030 products in 1993 even though 68040 products were available, we
expect to sell millions of 68040 products in1994 as PowerPC moves into our
mid-range and high-end.

   Q:  How do I leverage interest in the upcoming PowerPC Macintosh line to
sell 680x0-based systems now?  Upgrades?  May not need PowerPC?
   A:  It's important to understand the upgrade offerings Apple has
pre-announced to help customers purchase the systems they need today.  We
are putting together the most comprehensive upgrade program ever, starting
with these detailed statements about upgrade paths.  Keep in mind too that
many, many customers will be very satisfied with our new entry-level
products, like the Quadra 605, regardless of PowerPC.

   Q:  What sort of upgrade solutions will Apple have available at
introduction, and how much will those upgrades cost?
   A:  Earlier this year, Apple announced its intention to offer upgrades
to PowerPC technology for the following Macintosh models:  IIvx, IIvi,
Performa 600, Centris 610, 650, 660AV, Quadra 800, and 840AV.  This month
Apple also announced that the Quadra 610, Quadra 650 and AWS 60, 80, and 95
can be upgraded.  To respond to customer questions Apple also stated that
upgrades will be available at introduction and that their prices will start
as low as $1,000.  Additionally, Apple and third-party developers are
working to create upgrades for other Macintosh models as well.  Details on
upgrade options will be made available when specific PowerPC-based
Macintosh products are announced.

   Q:  Why are upgrades not specifically mentioned for the Quadra 700, 900,
950, the LC family or several other products ?
   A:  We have only announced the upgrades that will definitely be
available from Apple at or near the first introduction of PowerPC. Not only
are we continuing to work on other upgrade options, we are also enabling
third party developers to offer Mac compatible PowerPC upgrades.

   Q:  Will there be a Quadra 950 server based on PowerPC?
   A:  Yes.  Apple Business Systems announced a full upgrade path for
PowerPC  this October.  See the press release for more details.

   Q:  Will important K-12 applications be compatible at introduction
(e.g., ClarisWorks, Mac School, HyperCard)?
   A:  Nearly any application that runs on current 680x0 models will be
compati ble on PowerPC.  While the initial focus for native applications is
targeted more towards mid-range and high-end customers, we expect most
developers to start PowerPC projects soon if they haven't already.

 SYSTEM SOFTWARE ISSUES

   Q:  How compatible are today's applications with the PowerPC Macintosh?
   A:  Today's Macintosh applications should run, without modification, on
PowerPC-based Macintosh models. Apple expects their performance to be
surprisingly responsive. Of course, performance will vary dramatically
based on the application and other factors. In actual use, performance will
range from a fast 68030- to a 68040-based Macintosh.  Apple has been
testing 3rd party software at developer conferences throughout the world,
as well as in our own labs.  After testing over a thousand packages, we are
confident that compatibility will be excellent.

   Q:  Why would someone run PowerOpen instead of Mac OS on PowerPC?
   A:  Primarily, the benefit of PowerOpen is access to the UNIX operating
system.  Also under PowerOpen, a Macintosh user can execute MS-DOS, A/UX,
AIX, or System 7 applications.

   Q:  Which operating system will a PowerPC Mac run?  System 8?
PowerOpen?
   A:  Most PowerPC-based Macintosh systems, like 680x0-based systems, will
ship with the standard Macintosh Operating System, System 7. However,
customers who want client/server solutions, multi-user applications, or
UNIX applications and services, will be able to use PowerOpen-Apple's
forthcoming open systems platform.

   Q:  What about DOS/Windows?
   A:  PowerPC gives us a greatly improved story for DOS/Windows users.
Insignia Solutions is working on a native version of SoftPC, which they
call SoftWindows, for PowerPC.  The 601 is a far better platform for their
emulat or than today's 68040s.  Consequently a DOS or Windows program can
run at speeds comparable to a 486.  With this technology, Macintosh with
PowerPC offers a migration path for the two operating systems that really
matter in the large marketplace today-Macintosh and DOS/Windows.

   Q:  Will System 7 Pro run?  QuickTime 1.6.1?
   A:  Both System 7 Pro and QuickTime are being updated for PowerPC.
Other capabilities developed as stand-alone system software extensions such
as AppleScript and QuickDraw GX will be available on both 680x0-based and
PowerPC-based Macintosh systems.

   Q:  Will recompiled applications work with AOCE communications on a
PowerPC Macintosh?
   A:  An AOCE product that currently runs on 680x0-based Macintosh systems
will work on PowerPC-based Macintosh systems with the updated System 7 Pro.
 Similarly, a recompiled AOCE application will work on the PowerPC-based
Macintosh while taking advantage of the inherent speed increases and
capabilities of native applications.

   Q:  Will the OS (System 7) print drivers be compatible with current
products?
   A:  Nearly all drivers (including print drivers), INITs, and CDEVs, and
other utility software will work on PowerPC-based Macintosh systems.

   Q:  Will my existing peripherals work (CD-ROM, hard drives, scanners,
printers)?
   A:  NuBus cards (such as networking and video cards), AppleTalk devices
(such as printers), SCSI devices (such as hard disks, scanners, and CD
ROMs), ADB devices (such as mice, trackballs and keyboards), and other
Macintosh cards and peripherals are compatible with PowerPC.  If a hardware
device works with the new Macintosh AV systems, the odds are excellent that
it will work on PowerPC with no problems.

   Q:  Will PowerPC-based and 680x0-based systems co-exist on the same
network or environment?
   A:  Yes.  You will be able to mix RISC-based and 680x0-based Macintosh
systems on the same networks, exchange files and disks between them, and
enjoy all the other benefits expected from a Macintosh.

   Q:  How will file sharing work on PowerPC?
   A:  Like nearly everything on today's Macintosh, it just works.  From
the user perspective, file sharing functions exactly as it does today both
locally or across a wide network.  File sharing will also work between a
680x0-based Macintosh and a PowerPC Macintosh.

   Q:  Is there a true multitasking, protected memory operating system on a
PowerPC Macintosh?
   A:  The operating system shipping on the first generation of
PowerPC-based Macintosh systems will be the same System 7 available today.
While this includes cooperative multitasking, it does not offer protected
memory or pre-emption.  Future versions of system software from Apple will
incorporate pre-emptive multitasking and protected memory.

   Q:  What is Taligent working on for PowerPC?
   A:  Taligent is creating a completely new object-oriented operating
system. Due in the middle of this decade, Taligent software will run on
Apple's PowerPC-based Macintosh systems.

 APPLICATION ISSUES

   Q:  Which applications will be ready at release and when will a
substantial number of native applications be available?
   A:  Nearly all current Macintosh applications will be compatible at
release of the first PowerPC-based Macintosh models.  Many developers are
currently porting their products to the PowerPC platform, so there should
be a large number of native applications in a very short time.  For an
extended period, users should expect to see many applications offered in
both a 680x0 version and a PowerPC native version.

   Q:  What determines whether or not an application will work on a PowerPC
Macintosh?
   A:  If an application is currently written following available Macintosh
programming guidelines, it should run without modification on PowerPC
through the 68LC040 emulation.  (The "LC" stands for the low cost `040.
These chips do not have floating point units.  An existing application that
requires a floating point unit will have to be re-compiled for PowerPC.
However, the speed increase for floating point is so phenomenal that these
developers are the most excited about the change.)

   Q:  What won't run on PowerPC?
   A:  Applications that do not run on current Macintosh systems.  In other
words, those that have not followed the currently available Macintosh
programming guidelines, will consequently not run on PowerPC-based
Macintosh models.  In our testing to date, compatibility looks very good.

   Q:  Which third-party applications are already running in native mode?
   A:  Although there is no definitive list of native applications, a large
number of software developers, including Adobe Systems, Inc., ACIUS Inc.,
Aldus Corporation, Claris Corporation, Deneba Software, Frame Technology,
Insignia Solutions, Inc., Microsoft Corporation, Quark Inc., Specular
International, and WordPerfect Corporation have announced their intentions
to offer new, native versions of their software packages.  Seven more
developers announced support this October.  (See press releases.)  In
addition, Apple is working with hundreds of other developers worldwide to
ensure that all kinds of existing Macintosh applications will be revised to
take advantage of PowerPC processor performance.

   Q:  What do customers with custom applications need to do to ensure
compatibility?
   A:  Custom applications, if written properly according to currently
available Macintosh programming guidelines, will run without modification
on PowerPC.  To ensure smooth transition to Macintosh with PowerPC,
developers should do the following:  Write in ANSI C or C++, ensure that
data structures are aligned, don't depend on the 680x0 run-time model,
isolate and minimize use of low-memory globals, isolate and eliminate use
of internal Toolbox calls, isolate dependencies on 80-bit extended format
numeric type, don't be depend on specific interrupt levels, be 32-bit
clean, and avoid patching traps.  For more information, any developer can
contact Apple's Developer Services at 408/974-4897.

   Q:  Will Apple be publishing a list of PowerPC-compatible Macintosh
software?
   A: Nearly all software that currently runs on 680x0-based Macintosh
models
will run on PowerPC.  A list of exceptions is more likely than a list of
compatibles, since most all applications will be running at introduction.

 TECHNICAL ISSUES

   Q:  How fast is the 68LC040 emulation mode and what is the expected
performance of native applications?
   A:  Apple expects the performance of existing application to vary
dramatically based on the application and other factors. In actual use,
performance will range from a fast 68030- to a 68040-based Macintosh.
Native PowerPC applications are expected to be two to four times as fast as
the same application running on today's Motorola 68040 or Intel's 80486
systems. Applications using floating-point mathematical operations (3-D
rendering, CAD,etc.) could see performance increases as much as tenfold.

   Q:  Is as PowerPC Macintosh really 4 to 10 times faster than a Quadra
950?
   A:  Yes.  In fact, applications written specifically for PowerPC
processors (native) have been benchmarked at 8 to 10 times faster in
mathematical calculations.  But this is definitely one of the best cases we
know.  In general, we expect speed increases in the range of 2 to 4 times.

   Q:  Is there any special "tuning" of the operating system required for
the PowerPC Macintosh that results in greater performance boosts?
   A:  Apple is optimizing parts of System 7 for the highest performance on
the PowerPC processor.  This will benefit applications written for
680x0systems as well as those developed for PowerPC.  For example, Apple is
modifying the Macintosh Toolbox procedures that take the most computational
power (such as QuickDraw) to take full advantage of the RISC performance of
PowerPC.

   Q:  How does a developer migrate an application from emulation to native
PowerPC?
   A:  Developers may choose between the Apple-provided solution or a
number of third-party solutions to port their products to PowerPC. The
Apple-provided solution is the "Macintosh on PowerPC SDK" (Software
Developers Kit).  Editing, compiling, and linking will be performed on a
680x0-based Macintosh, while execution and debugging will occur on a target
(PowerPC) system.

   Q:  How can you have one version of an application that runs on either
680x0 or PowerPC?
   A:  Current 680x0-based applications will run without modification on
PowerPC-based Macintosh systems.  Vendors may choose to port their
applications to PowerPC, thus maximizing performance.  Vendors may also
choose to keep both application versions available for purchase since both
680x0-based and PowerPC-based Macintosh models will be for sale for years
to come.  This also should meet the needs of the currently installed based
of 680x0 Macintosh customers.

   Q:  What are the other speed enhancements the PowerPC Macintosh?  Real
SCSI-2? Graphics acceleration?  I/O acceleration?
   A: We will continue to improve other parts of system performance as we
have in the past.  You can expect PowerPC to build on the improved I/O
architecture introduced with the Macintosh AV products, for example.

   Q:  When will PCI be implemented?
   A:  PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) is a high-performance card
expansion architecture designed to eliminate bottlenecks between a
computer's processor and its high bandwidth peripherals, such as
networking, video, and graphics.  Apple in adopting the PCI expansion bus
for future Macintosh computers in order to offer its customers the higher
performance levels required as video, graphics, multimedia and other needs
grow in popularity. PCI will be offered in a second generation of PowerPC
products from Apple.  All initial PowerPC products will continue with NuBus
cards.

   Q:  Is there really a PowerPC instruction called "eieio?"
   A:  Yes.

 COMPETITIVE ISSUES

   Q:  Why is PowerPC better than Pentium?
   A:  The first generation PowerPC processor, the PowerPC 601, performs
comparably at integer calculations and exceeds Pentium at floating-point
calculations.  In addition, the 601 is half the size of, and requires
little more than half the power of a Pentium processor.  Yet Motorola and
IBM offer the 601 at about half the cost of a Pentium processor.  In short,
superior performance at half the cost.  This is the advantage of moving to
a new technology curve with a RISC architecture.

   Q:  Intel says they will keep the x86 architecture up to date with RISC.
 Can they?
   A:  Some people believe that Intel is so large and so profitable that
they can keep up with RISC technology.  We believe that the advantages
demonstrated  in a 601 to Pentium comparison are only the beginning of the
increasing benefits of RISC technology.  For example, the 601 has twice the
on-board memory cache as a Pentium chip even though it actually has fewer
transistors.  Here's another indicator-in both workstations and PDAs, RISC
technology has won out over CISC technology.  The workstation vendors must
offer the best price/performance possible to stay competitive, and they all
offer RISC.  The new PDA market had no backward compatibility concerns and
most new entrees have selected RISC. Clearly there are compelling technical
reasons for these facts.

   Q:  I've seen a lot of press applauding PowerPC over Pentium.  Are there
any areas where Pentium is better?
   A:  Sure.  Pentium is not bad technology.  In fact, it's an incredibly
advanced chip that will sell in very high volumes over the coming years.
However, it shows the complexity and cost of stretching CISC technologies
forward. Intel refers to Pentium as the "next generation of compatible
power."  This plays to their greatest advantage-it can run old DOS/Windows
applications faster than any other chip.  Intel has to hope that this edge
remains compelling in the face of new PowerPC applications running even
faster.

   Q:  If IBM, Dell, AST, or Compaq build PowerPC machines that will run
Windows NT, what is the Apple advantage?
   A:  Apple's approach to System Software offers the smoothest transition
to RISC of any vendor.  Other companies are asking customers to adopt
complex, large and …

Showing first 20,000 characters of 22,532 total. Open the full document →

From: ericb@telecnnct.com (Eric Burger)
Subject: SUMMARY: Local-and Ethertalk same time (A)
Date: Wed, 18 Aug 1993 10:29:13 -0400 (EDT)

It turns out that the solution for us is to use our existing
GatorBox, and let the GatorBox route to the printer.  I can't
tell if it's slower.  We won't be re-wiring, so if the GatorBox
does go out, we can always go back to switching the interface.

Thanks to:
	grs2@crux2.cit.cornell.edu
	peter@hub.toronto.edu (Peter Boulton)
	RICHARD LIM <RTL@siva.bris.ac.uk>
	kmied@file01.mpipf-muenchen.mpg.de (Miedreich Frank Hiwi)
	Graeme Forbes <PL0BALF@VM.TCS.Tulane.EDU>

The original posting and responses follow.

-- 
--  Eric William Burger       --  Eric.Burger@telecnnct.com  --
--  The Telephone Connection  --  Tel. +1 301/417-0700       --
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Original Posting:
>We've got a bunch of Mac's connected together with both Ethertalk
>and Localtalk.  The Mac's also communicate with Sun's over TCP/IP.
>The Mac's run MacOS 6.0.7, 7.0.1, and 7.1 .
>
>We also have a LaserWriter connected through LocalTalk, with a
>GatorBox supplying lpd access to the LaserWriter for the Sun's.
>
>Is there a way, from the Mac, to set our networking to Ethertalk
>for AppleShare, but use LocalTalk for printing?  If I set Networking
>to EtherTalk, then the Chooser doesn't see the printer.  If I set
>Networking to LocalTalk, then the AppleShare connection goes over
>LocalTalk as well.
>
>What to do?

Glenn Souther writes:
> No, this can't be done. (With the exception of running Apple's Internet
> Router on every machine, or the equivalent)  However, the Gatorbox
> can be configured to be a router.  This was the original use of the 
> Gatorbox. All Appletalk goes onto the ethernet, and the gatorbox
> rebroadcasts the relevant printer packets back and forth to the local
> -talk.

Mark Haidl writes:
> You can software called LaserBridge from Sonic Systems which you
> install on a mac which is on ethernet and also connected through
> localtalk to the laserwriter. LaserBridge routes printer
> traffic from ethertalk to localtalk so everyone can see the 
> printer.
> 
> Sonic Systems, Inc.     Mac boot roms & LaserBridge software
> 333 W. El Camino Real
> Suite 280           Phone:  (408) 736-1900
> Sunnyvale, CA 94087     Fax:    (408) 736-7228

Peter Boulton writes:
> I am running from such a system now (Quadra 700, system 7.0.1, ethertalk to
> internet, local talk to a laserwriter)
> 
> You buy 'Powerpath' from Farallon (About $75) if all you want is a printer.
> You buy 'LocalPath' from Farallon (About $150) if you want a full localtalk
> net (max of 8 devices).
> Ethernet connection is set up as usual.
> 
> I use PowerPath.  Works like a charm.

Richard Lim writes:
> Macs don't do this without third-party software.  Look out for things like
> Farallon Liaison and SoftSync's various bridge programs (LaserBridge, 
> SuperBridge etc) in any Mac magazine or catalog

Miedreich Frank Hiwi writes:
> Hi Eric
> I just read your question in the digest newsgroup
> 
> Our solution was using Farallon PowerPath. It lets you connect 1 LocalTalk
> device to an existing Ethernet. The Machine the LocalTalk device is connected
> to must always be running (while you want access to the device from other
> machines). If the device is a printer, and somebody starts a printjob,
> you will get some jerky movements of the mouse, and some very short delays (<1sec) over
> some time. There are hardware solutions, but these tend to be expensive,
> while PowerPath costs only about $150. 
> There is another product (LocalPath) to connect up to 8 LocalTalk devices,
> I have no experience using this one.
> 
> PowerPath runs stable, it is a cdev, and there is only one problem known to me.
> Occasionally, if you turn of the Mac, and PowerPath is running, you do not get
> the warning dialog that other users are connected to this Macintosh.
> Turning PowerPath off, restarting, turning it on again and restarting solves
> the problem. It happend to me once, after the installation. Since then no
> problems. I am satisfied.

Graeme Forbes writes:
> So far as I know it can't be done - you have to keep switching your
> network.
> 
> I would *love* to find out that I'm wrong about this. Please summarize
> to the digest or forward to me if I am.