INSIDE MACINTOSH Human Interface Toolbox WWDC Release May 1996 © Apple Computer, Inc. 1994 - 1996 Apple Computer, Inc. © 1994–1996 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, mechanical, electronic, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Apple Computer, Inc., except to make a backup copy of any documentation provided on CD-ROM. The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. Use of the “keyboard” Apple logo (Option-Shift-K) for commercial purposes without the prior written consent of Apple may constitute trademark infringement and unfair competition in violation of federal and state laws. No licenses, express or implied, are granted with respect to any of the technology described in this book. Apple retains all intellectual property rights associated with the technology described in this book. This book is intended to assist application developers to develop applications only for Apple-labeled or Apple-licensed computers. Every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate. Apple is not responsible for typographical errors. Apple Computer, Inc. 1 Infinite Loop Cupertino, CA 95014 408-996-1010 Even though Apple has reviewed this manual, APPLE MAKES NO WARRANTY OR REPRESENTATION, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO THIS MANUAL, ITS QUALITY, ACCURACY, MERCHANTABILITY, OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. AS A RESULT, THIS MANUAL IS SOLD “AS IS,” AND YOU, THE PURCHASER, ARE ASSUMING THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO ITS QUALITY AND ACCURACY. IN NO EVENT WILL APPLE BE LIABLE FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM ANY DEFECT OR INACCURACY IN THIS MANUAL, even if advised of the possibility of such damages. THE WARRANTY AND REMEDIES SET FORTH ABOVE ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHERS, ORAL OR WRITTEN, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. No Apple dealer, agent, or employee is authorized to make any modification, extension, or addition to this warranty. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of implied warranties or liability for incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state. Apple, the Apple logo, Macintosh, and MPW are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the United States and other countries. Finder, Mac, and QuickDraw are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. SOM is a licensed trademark of IBM Corporation. Simultaneously published in the United States and Canada. Draft. „ Apple Computer, Inc. 4/30/96 Contents Chapter 1 Introduction to the Mac OS 8 Toolbox 1-1 Overview of the Mac OS 8 Toolbox 1-6 Apple Events and the Toolbox 1-8 Toolbox Event Routing 1-9 Periodic and Background Processing 1-10 Supporting the Mac OS 8 Event Model 1-10 Human…

K INSIDE MACINTOSH Open Transport K WWDC Release May 1996 © Apple Computer, Inc. 1994 - 1996 K Apple Computer, Inc. © 1994-1996 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, mechanical, electronic, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Apple Computer, Inc., except to make a backup copy of any documentation provided on CD-ROM. The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. Use of the “keyboard” Apple logo (Option-Shift-K) for commercial purposes without the prior written consent of Apple may constitute trademark infringement and unfair competition in violation of federal and state laws. No licenses, express or implied, are granted with respect to any of the technology described in this book. Apple retains all intellectual property rights associated with the technology described in this book. This book is intended to assist application developers to develop applications only for Apple-labeled or Apple-licensed computers. Every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate. Apple is not responsible for typographical errors. Apple Computer, Inc. 1 Infinite Loop Cupertino, CA 95014 408-996-1010 Apple, the Apple logo, and Macintosh are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the United States and other countries. Adobe, Acrobat, Adobe Illustrator, Adobe Photoshop, and PostScript are trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated or its subsidiaries and may be registered in certain jurisdictions. Helvetica and Palatino are registered trademarks of Linotype-Hell AG and/or its subsidiaries. ITC Zapf Dingbats is a registered trademark of International Typeface Corporation. QuickView™ is licensed from Altura Software, Inc. CompuServe is a registered service mark of CompuServe, Inc. Docutek is a trademark of Xerox Corporation. FrameMaker is a registered trademark of Frame Technology Corporation. NuBus is a trademark of Texas Instruments. UNIX is a trademark of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. Simultaneously published in the United States and Canada. Even though Apple has reviewed this manual, APPLE MAKES NO WARRANTY OR REPRESENTATION, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO THIS MANUAL, ITS QUALITY, ACCURACY, MERCHANTABILITY, OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. AS A RESULT, THIS MANUAL IS SOLD “AS IS,” AND YOU, THE PURCHASER, ARE ASSUMING THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO ITS QUALITY AND ACCURACY. IN NO EVENT WILL APPLE BE LIABLE FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM ANY DEFECT OR INACCURACY IN THIS MANUAL, even if advised of the possibility of such damages. THE WARRANTY AND REMEDIES SET FORTH ABOVE ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHERS, ORAL OR WRITTEN, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. No Apple dealer, agent, or employee is Draft. Confidential.  Apple Computer, Inc. 4/25/96 authorized to make any modification, extension, or addit…

ð INSIDE MACINTOSH File Navigation and Access ð WWDC Release May 1996 © Apple Computer, Inc. 1992 - 1996 ð Apple Computer, Inc. © 1992–1996 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, mechanical, electronic, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Apple Computer, Inc., except to make a backup copy of any documentation provided on CD-ROM. The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. Use of the “keyboard” Apple logo (Option-Shift-K) for commercial purposes without the prior written consent of Apple may constitute trademark infringement and unfair competition in violation of federal and state laws. No licenses, express or implied, are granted with respect to any of the technology described in this book. Apple retains all intellectual property rights associated with the technology described in this book. This book is intended to assist application developers to develop applications only for Apple-labeled or Apple-licensed computers. Every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate. Apple is not responsible for typographical errors. Apple Computer, Inc. 1 Infinite Loop Cupertino, CA 95014 408-996-1010 WARRANTY OR REPRESENTATION, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO THIS MANUAL, ITS QUALITY, ACCURACY, MERCHANTABILITY, OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. AS A RESULT, THIS MANUAL IS SOLD “AS IS,” AND YOU, THE PURCHASER, ARE ASSUMING THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO ITS QUALITY AND ACCURACY. IN NO EVENT WILL APPLE BE LIABLE FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM ANY DEFECT OR INACCURACY IN THIS MANUAL, even if advised of the possibility of such damages. THE WARRANTY AND REMEDIES SET FORTH ABOVE ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHERS, ORAL OR WRITTEN, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. No Apple dealer, agent, or employee is authorized to make any modification, extension, or addition to this warranty. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of implied warranties or liability for incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state. Apple, the Apple logo, and Macintosh are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the United States and other countries. UNIX is a trademark of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. Simultaneously published in the United States and Canada. Even though Apple has reviewed this manual, APPLE MAKES NO Draft.  Apple Computer, Inc. 4/30/96 Contents Figures Chapter 1 vii File Navigation and Access Overview 1-1 The Mac OS 8 Files Environment 1-3 The Mac OS 8 File Manager 1-3 Speed 1-4 Reentrancy 1-4 Support for Volume-Format Plug-ins 1-4 Use of Notification Services 1-5 International String Support 1-5 Virtual Memory and Microkerne…

Welcome to the WWDC '96 release of Inside Macintosh for Mac OS 8. This Read Me provides a road map to the chapters within this folder, provides information on viewing the Acrobat files contained within this folder, and lists the methods you can use to give us your feedback on the Inside Macintosh documentation. Road Map To Inside Macintosh For Mac OS 8 Documentation The chapters in the folder Inside Macintosh for Mac OS 8 provide preliminary information on many of the constants, data types, and functions for developer use in Mac OS 8. The chapters present overviews or introductions that cover the human interface, Apple events, file navigation and access, text handling, the microkernel, and I/O. In addition, reference chapters for many managers and services are also provided. Each file in the folder represents a book. Figure 1 shows the book titles and the chapters contained within each book. Figure 1. Books and chapters in the folder Inside Macintosh for Mac OS 8 Road Map For Applications For information on the features of Mac OS 8 for applications, read the following chapters and books: • For an overview of new features supported by the Toolbox, such as human interface objects, panels, window groups, imaging objects, and themes, see the chapter "Introduction to the Mac OS 8 Toolbox" in Human Interface Toolbox. For reference information on human interface objects, see the chapter "HIObject Class Reference" in Human Interface Toolbox. • For an overview of how Apple events are used pervasively throughout Mac OS 8 by system services as well as other programs, see the chapters "Introduction to the Mac OS 8 Event Model" and "Event Model Reference" in Apple Events in Mac OS 8. For information on how Apple events are processed by the Toolbox, see "Toolbox Event Routing" and "Toolbox Events Reference" in Human Interface Toolbox. • For an overview of the Mac OS 8 microkernel, including information on tasks, processes, scheduling, preemption, multithreading, allocation of memory, and other services, see the chapter "About Mac OS 8" in Microkernel and Core System Services. See subsequent chapters in Microkernel and Core System Services for reference information on many of these topics. • For information on the Mac OS 8 File Manager, Navigation Services, and other file services, as well as reference information on the Mac OS 8 File Manager, see File Navigation and Access. • For information on the extensive support for text handling that enables you to develop your application for a worldwide market, such as support for Unicode, locales, and the use of text objects, see "Introduction to Text Handling and Internationalization" in Text Handling and Internationalization. • For information on creating resources that are new in Mac OS 8, see ResEdit 3.0 User's Guide. • For information related to human interface elements in an application, see Human Interface Guidelines for Mac OS 8 and Apple Grayscale Specification for System 7.5. • For information on the use…

Glossary of Copland Terminology The terms defined in this glossary are preliminary and subject to change. action The objects and activities that make a human interface task unique, such as the names of folders to back up or a list of people to whom a message should be sent. See also task. activation model The tasking and synchronization model mandated by an I/O family. It consists of the code that provides the runtime environment to the family and its plug-ins. See family, plug-in. active assistance General term for Copland features that allow the computer to assist the user actively. See also automation, delegation, task, task definition, assistant. active window The frontmost window on the desktop; the window where the next action will take place. The active window is identified by distinctive details that aren’t visible for inactive windows. address space The set of addresses that a process can reference. alert box An arrangement of panels within a modal window that an application displays on the screen to warn the user or to report an error. An alert box typically consists of text describing the situation and buttons that require the user to acknowledge or rectify the problem. An alert box may or may not be accompanied by an alert sound. See also dialog box, modal window. area A logical extent of memory with common attributes. Areas never overlap; a particular address in an address space is included in at most one area. See also global area. assistant An entity that provides a specific kind of active assistance in a given context by asking the user questions and then taking actions or creating human interface tasks based on the answers. automation Automatically controlled operations. In Copland, features that allow the computer to create a series of actions, or a human interface task, in a form that can be repeated. See also task. backing provider A server process responsible for transferring memory between backing storage (for example, a hard disk) and physical memory in response to page faults. bus expert See low-level expert. cell A rectangular part of a list displaying information about one item in the list. CFM-based software Software compiled for execution in a runtime environment that uses Code Fragment Manager (CFM) fragments to organize executable code and data in memory. GL-1 Draft. Confidential.  Apple Computer, Inc. 10/17/95 This document was created with FrameMaker 4.0.4 G L O S S A RY close box The box on the left end of the title bar of an active window. Clicking it closes the window. code fragment See fragment. Code Fragment Manager The part of the Mac OS that loads fragments into memory and prepares them for execution. collapse box The box on the right end of the title bar of an active window. Clicking it collapses or expands the window. condition The set of events or states that trigger a human interface task. See also task. cooperative process A process that has a cooperative task created by the Process Manager. The …

How to Install Mac OS 8 (D11E4): Last revision 6/13/96 Please read these instructions carefully before installing Mac OS 8. Warning: This is a Pre-Release operating system. BACK UP all information on all drives connected to a machine on which you plan to run Mac OS 8. You may experience disk corruption and data loss on this release. You currently need two machines to boot Mac OS 8: one is a machine from the "Hardware Supported" list below, the other is a machine capable of running the Power Macintosh Debugger. The two machines must be connected via a serial cable. See "Debugger Instructions" below. Note: Before installation, place a text file called "No Mac OS 8 Mount" on any drives that you don't want to have mounted while in Mac OS 8. Late-Breaking News: ------------------DO NOT click the "Setup" button when creating a destkop printer. Here are the steps to create a desktop printer in D11E4: 0) Before installing, remove any existing desktop printers 1) Click on the LaserWriter GX icon ==>You'll see a few benign asserts 2) Click on the printer of your choice 3) Click the "Create" button 4) When the "Setup" dialog comes up, hit CANCEL (this is the most important step). 5) You'll have to reboot for a desktop printer to show up correctly 6) Go print! See the Printing release notes for more information. Installation Instructions: -------------------------1) Initialize a 250MB or larger drive using Drive Setup (see "Drive Setup Instructions" below), or another utility. We'll call this freshly initialized drive the "Mac OS 8 volume" 2) Install (do not copy) a fresh System 7.5.x onto the Mac OS 8 volume 3) Run the Mac OS 8 Installer script "Install Mac OS"; install onto the Mac OS 8 volume 4) Set your startup disk to be the Mac OS 8 volume 5) Put down the Caps Lock key 6) Restart ==> You should boot into Mac OS 8 Drive Setup Instructions: ------------------------You should be able to install Mac OS 8 on a drive initialized by any software. We recommend using Drive Setup 2.0d5c2 which is incluced with the D11E4 build. 1) In the Drive Setup window, select your Mac OS 8 volume. 2) Click Initialize. You get the Initialize dialog: "Initializing will destoy all data...". 3) Click Custom Setup...in the Initialize dialog. 4) Select a Partitioning Scheme of 1 Macintosh HFS. 5) Click OK to go back to the Initialize dialog. In the lower status field, it should say: "New Partitioning: 1 Macintosh HFS Initialization Options: none" 6) Click Initialize. Debugger Instructions: ---------------------To run Mac OS 8, you will need a debugging machine. This can be any Macintosh capable of running the Power Mac debugger connected to the Mac OS 8 machine via a serial cable. It does not have to be a PowerPC machine, any Macintosh with 7MB free RAM (Virtual Memory is OK) is sufficient. There is currently no reliable way to run Mac OS 8 without the debugger at this time; however, you should be able to boot to Finder in most cases without a debugging machine connected. Th…

ð The Copland Toolbox ð Preliminary Developer Press  Apple Computer, Inc. 1992–1995 This document was created with FrameMaker 4.0.4 ð Apple Computer, Inc.  1992–1995 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, mechanical, electronic, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Apple Computer, Inc., except to make a backup copy of any documentation provided on CD-ROM. The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. Use of the “keyboard” Apple logo (Option-Shift-K) for commercial purposes without the prior written consent of Apple may constitute trademark infringement and unfair competition in violation of federal and state laws. No licenses, express or implied, are granted with respect to any of the technology described in this book. Apple retains all intellectual property rights associated with the technology described in this book. This book is intended to assist application developers to develop applications only for Apple-labeled or Apple-licensed computers. Every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate. Apple is not responsible for typographical errors. Apple Computer, Inc. 1 Infinite Loop Cupertino, CA 95014 408-996-1010 Apple, the Apple logo, AppleLink, AppleScript, AppleShare, AppleTalk, GeoPort, HyperCard, ImageWriter, LocalTalk, Macintosh, MacTCP, OpenDoc, PowerBook, Power Macintosh, PowerTalk, QuickTime, TrueType, and WorldScript are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the United States and other countries. Balloon Help, Chicago, Finder, Geneva, Mac, and QuickDraw are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation. MacPaint and MacWrite are registered trademarks, and Clarisworks is a trademark, of Claris Corporation. NuBus is a trademark of Texas Instruments. PowerPC is a trademark of International Business Machines Corporation, used under license therefrom. UNIX is a registered trademark of Novell, Inc. in the United States and other countries, licensed exclusively through X/Open Company, Ltd. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of implied warranties or liability for incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state.. Simultaneously published in the United States and Canada. Even though Apple has reviewed this manual, APPLE MAKES NO WARRANTY OR REPRESENTATION, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO THIS MANUAL, ITS QUALITY, ACCURACY, MERCHANTABILITY, OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. AS A RESULT, THIS MANUAL IS SOLD “AS IS,” AND YOU, THE PURCHASER, ARE ASSUMING THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO ITS QUALITY AND ACCURACY. IN NO EVENT WILL APPLE BE LIABLE FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCI…

ð Software Extensibility and the System Object Model (SOM) ð Preliminary Developer Press  Apple Computer, Inc. 1992–1995 This document was created with FrameMaker 4.0.4 ð Apple Computer, Inc.  1992–1995 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, mechanical, electronic, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Apple Computer, Inc., except to make a backup copy of any documentation provided on CD-ROM. The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. Use of the “keyboard” Apple logo (Option-Shift-K) for commercial purposes without the prior written consent of Apple may constitute trademark infringement and unfair competition in violation of federal and state laws. No licenses, express or implied, are granted with respect to any of the technology described in this book. Apple retains all intellectual property rights associated with the technology described in this book. This book is intended to assist application developers to develop applications only for Apple-labeled or Apple-licensed computers. Every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate. Apple is not responsible for typographical errors. Apple Computer, Inc. 1 Infinite Loop Cupertino, CA 95014 408-996-1010 Apple, the Apple logo, AppleLink, AppleScript, AppleShare, AppleTalk, GeoPort, HyperCard, ImageWriter, LocalTalk, Macintosh, MacTCP, OpenDoc, PowerBook, Power Macintosh, PowerTalk, QuickTime, TrueType, and WorldScript are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the United States and other countries. Balloon Help, Chicago, Finder, Geneva, Mac, and QuickDraw are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation. MacPaint and MacWrite are registered trademarks, and Clarisworks is a trademark, of Claris Corporation. NuBus is a trademark of Texas Instruments. PowerPC is a trademark of International Business Machines Corporation, used under license therefrom. UNIX is a registered trademark of Novell, Inc. in the United States and other countries, licensed exclusively through X/Open Company, Ltd. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of implied warranties or liability for incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state.. Simultaneously published in the United States and Canada. Even though Apple has reviewed this manual, APPLE MAKES NO WARRANTY OR REPRESENTATION, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO THIS MANUAL, ITS QUALITY, ACCURACY, MERCHANTABILITY, OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. AS A RESULT, THIS MANUAL IS SOLD “AS IS,” AND YOU, THE PURCHASER, ARE ASSUMING THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO ITS QUALITY AND ACCURACY. IN NO EVENT WILL APPLE BE LIABL…

Patch Manager Preliminary Developer Press © Apple Computer, Inc. 1992–1995 ð Apple Computer, Inc.  1992–1995 Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, mechanical, electronic, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Apple Computer, Inc., except to make a backup copy of any documentation provided on CD-ROM. The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. Use of the “keyboard” Apple logo (Option-Shift-K) for commercial purposes without the prior written consent of Apple may constitute trademark infringement and unfair competition in violation of federal and state laws. No licenses, express or implied, are granted with respect to any of the technology described in this book. Apple retains all intellectual property rights associated with the technology described in this book. This book is intended to assist application developers to develop applications only for Apple-labeled or Apple-licensed computers. Every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this manual is accurate. Apple is not responsible for typographical errors. Apple Computer, Inc. 1 Infinite Loop Cupertino, CA 95014 408-996-1010 Apple, the Apple logo, AppleLink, AppleScript, AppleShare, AppleTalk, GeoPort, HyperCard, ImageWriter, LocalTalk, Macintosh, MacTCP, OpenDoc, PowerBook, Power Macintosh, PowerTalk, QuickTime, TrueType, and WorldScript are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the United States and other countries. Balloon Help, Chicago, Finder, Geneva, Mac, and QuickDraw are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. IBM is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation. MacPaint and MacWrite are registered trademarks, and Clarisworks is a trademark, of Claris Corporation. NuBus is a trademark of Texas Instruments. PowerPC is a trademark of International Business Machines Corporation, used under license therefrom. UNIX is a registered trademark of Novell, Inc. in the United States and other countries, licensed exclusively through X/Open Company, Ltd. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of implied warranties or liability for incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state.. Simultaneously published in the United States and Canada. Even though Apple has reviewed this manual, APPLE MAKES NO WARRANTY OR REPRESENTATION, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO THIS MANUAL, ITS QUALITY, ACCURACY, MERCHANTABILITY, OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. AS A RESULT, THIS MANUAL IS SOLD “AS IS,” AND YOU, THE PURCHASER, ARE ASSUMING THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO ITS QUALITY AND ACCURACY. IN NO EVENT WILL APPLE BE LIABLE FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM ANY DEFECT O…

Microkernel White Paper Preliminary and Confidential Macintosh System Software Apple Computer, Inc. Copyright (©) 1992-1995 Apple Computer, Inc. ABOUT THE MICROKERNEL ...................................8 KERNEL OBJECTS AND IDS....................................................9 NAMING ......................................................................................11 EXECUTION - TASKING AND INTERRUPTS.....................12 ABOUT EXECUTION ..........................................................................................................12 ABOUT TASKS ...................................................................................................................13 ABOUT TASK SCHEDULING ..............................................................................................14 ABOUT SOFTWARE INTERRUPTS ......................................................................................15 ABOUT PRIVILEGED EXECUTION ......................................................................................16 ABOUT SYNCHRONIZATION ..............................................................................................16 ABOUT INTERRUPTS .........................................................................................................17 KERNELPROCESSES ...............................................................19 ADDRESS SPACE MANAGEMENT .......................................20 ABOUT ADDRESSING ........................................................................................................20 THE SYSTEM 7 ADDRESSING MODEL ...............................................................................21 THE MICROKERNEL ADDRESSING MODEL .......................................................................22 Multiple Address Spaces ...............................................................................................22 Areas .............................................................................................................................22 Paging ...........................................................................................................................23 Global Areas .................................................................................................................23 I/O Coordination...........................................................................................................24 Addressing And Execution ............................................................................................24 Inter-Address Space Access ..........................................................................................24 Code Fragment Manager Contexts...............................................................................25 SYNCHRONIZATION MECHANISMS ..................................26 MESSAGING...............................................................................28 MESSAGES ...........................................................…