，一 AppleWorks 5 Quick Reference for Mac OS General Tool panel Shortcuts 盓监它 1:nd 计 Arrow pointer Spreadsheet ~ Text Paint Close 3C-W ''' Line Rectangle Copy 郤-C or F3 ngle Oval Arc Polygon Cut 3C-X or F2 Freehand Bezigon Delete Delete Regular polygon Eyedropper I Find/Change 3C-F Drawing tools Find Again (Find dialog box closed) 3C-E F 仆 I sample Help 器 ? (question mark) or Help Fill palettes New 器N Pen sample Open 器O Pen palettes Page View Shift-3C-P Paste 3C-V or F4 se ect．on rectangl,e 1 Lasso Print 3C-P . · pa1nt1ng t ，s 。 。 M aglc w a n d B…

 Basic Skills  Apple Computer, Inc. This manual and the software described in it are Balloon Help, DocViewer, Finder, and TrueType are copyrighted, with all rights reserved. Under the trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. copyright laws, this manual or the software may not be HyperCard is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, copied, in whole or part, without written consent of Inc., licensed to Claris Corporation. Apple, except in the normal use of the software or to make a backup copy of the software. The same MacWrite is a registered trademark of Claris proprietary and copyright notices must be affixed to Corporation. any permitted copies as were affixed to the original. Adobe, Adobe Illustrator, and PostScript are trademarks This exception does not allow copies to be made for of Adobe Systems Incorporated, which may be others, whether or not sold, but all of the material registered in certain jurisdictions. purchased (with all backup copies) may be sold, given, Helvetica, Linotronic, and Times are registered or loaned to another person. Under the law, copying trademarks of Linotype Company. includes translating into another language or format. Microsoft and MS-DOS are registered trademarks of You may use the software on any computer owned by Microsoft Corporation. you, but extra copies cannot be made for this purpose. NuBus is a trademark of Texas Instruments. The Apple logo is a registered trademark of Apple QuarkXPress is a registered trademark of Quark, Inc. Computer, Inc. Use of the “keyboard” Apple logo (Option-Shift-k) for commercial purposes without the Retrospect Remote is a registered trademark of Dantz prior written consent of Apple may constitute Development Corporation. trademark infringement and unfair competition in UNIX is a registered trademark of UNIX System violation of federal and state laws. Laboratories, Inc. © Apple Computer, Inc., 1993 Simultaneously published in the United States and 20525 Mariani Avenue Canada. Cupertino, CA 95014-6299 Mention of third-party products is for informational (408) 996-1010 purposes only and constitutes neither an endorsement Apple, the Apple logo, AppleLink, AppleShare, nor a recommendation. Apple assumes no AppleTalk, A/UX, EtherTalk, LaserWriter, LocalTalk, responsibility with regard to the performance or use of and Macintosh are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc., these products. registered in the United States and other countries. Contents Preface: About This Guide / xiii 1 Working on the Desktop / 1 The Apple…

'•, J-~· ..--·-,, ('--' ·~ . ·-·~..! I \..~ [_____________.! ease Notes What is A/UX 3.0? ....................................................................................................... 2 Basic requirements ..................................................................................................... .3 Hardware support ........................................................................................................3 Installation ................................................................................................................... .3 Once A/UX 3.0 is installed ......................................................................................... 4 Submitting an A/UX Problem Report .................................................................... 6 Other Known Problems ..................................................................... -. ....................... 7 New in A/UX 3.0 .........................................................................................................9 Confidential What is A/UX 3.0? A/UX 3.0 is App~~·s latest version of th<:;'UNIX® operating system. A/UX provides a comple~;,standards-.ctmformilrg UNIX system coupled with the easy•to"use Macintosh: desktop; A/Ul~L' 3.0 offers these improvements over the previous version: • Full Macintosh System 7 functionality • Runs on the new, more powerful 68040 Macintosh computers ·o A Macintosh-style Installer, with "one-button" installation from compact disc (CD-ROM) media • Extended UNIX and Macir\.tpsh '.integration • Expanded comm.)Jllica~Q.ns and networki~;w.p.prt (ADSP, NFS 4.1, and Honey9.afiB;.~p~ .· i r- ·• Expanded perip~era~·~)~~~~~~tfPo;t·. -,-, I • Includes ~~J.tl.7an:. Xlll,ir. ... " . · i For more details of A/UX 3 Z eature O' see the sectio "Ne.J, In A/UX 3.0" at the end of this document. . . r·..., …

• A/UX Essentials Release 3.0 LIMITED WARRAN1Y ON MEDIA AND REPLACEMENT If you discover physical defects in the manuals distributed with an Apple product or in the media on which a software product is distributed, Apple will replace the media or manuals at no charge to you, provided you return the item to be replaced with proof of purchase to Apple or an authorized Apple dealer during the 90-day period after you purchased the software. In addition, Apple will replace damaged software media and manuals for as long as the software product is included in Apple's Media Exchange Program. While not an upgrade or update method, this program offers additional protection for up to two years or more from the date of your original purchase. See your authorized Apple dealer for program coverage and details. In some countries the replacement period may be different; check with your authorized Apple dealer. All IMPLIED WARRANTIES ON TilE MEDIA AND MANUAlS, INCLUDING IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABHITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, ARE LIMITED IN DURATION TO NINE1Y (90) DAYS FROM TilE DATE OF TilE ORIGINAL RETAIL PURCHASE OF TinS PRODUCT. Even though Apple has tested the software and reviewed the documentation, APPLE MAKES NO WARRANIY OR REPRESENTATION, EITIIER EXPRESS, OR IMPLIED, WITII RESPECT TO SOFTWARE, ITS QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABHITY, OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. AS A RESULT, TinS SOFTWARE IS SOLD "AS IS," AND YOU, TilE PURCHASER, ARE ASSUMING TilE ENTIRE RISK AS TO ITS QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE. IN NO EVENT WILL APPLE BE LIABLE FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM ANY DEFECT IN TilE SOFTWARE OR ITS DOCUMENTATION, even if advised of the possibility of such damages. In particular, Apple shall have no liability for any programs or data stored in or used with Apple products, including the costs of recovering such programs or data. THE WARRANIY AND REMEDIES SET FORTII ABOVE ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF All OTIIERS, ORAL OR WRITTEN, EXPRESS, OR IMPLIED. No Apple dealer, agent, or employee is authorized to make any modification, extension, or addition to this warranty. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of implied warranties or liability for incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state. • Apple Computer, Inc. This manual and d1e software described in it are copyrighted, with all rights reserved. Under the copyright laws, this manual or the software may not be copied, in whole or part, wimout written consent of Apple, except in d1e nom1al use of d1e software or to make a backup copy of the software. The same proprietary and copyright notices must be affixed to any permitted copies as were affixed to me original. This exception does not allow copies to be made for od1ers, whemer or not sold, b…

• A/UX Installation Guide Release 3.0 tl Apple Computer, Inc. This manual and the software described in it are copyrighted, with all rights reserved. Under the copyright laws, this manual or the software may not be copied, in whole or part, without written consent of Apple, except in the normal use of the software or to make a backup copy of the software. The same proprietary and copyright notices must be affixed to any permitted copies as were affixed to the original. This exception does not allow copies to be made for others, whether or not sold, but all of the material purchased (with all backup copies) may be sold, given, or loaned to another person. Under the law, copying includes translating into another language or format. You may use the software on any computer owned by you, but extra copies cannot be made for this purpose. The Apple logo is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. Use of the "keyboard" Apple logo (Option-Shift-k) for commercial purposes without the prior written consent of Apple may constitute trademark infringement and unfair competition in violation of federal and state laws. ©Apple Computer, Inc., 1992 20525 Mariani Avenue Cupertino, CA 95014-6299 (408) 996-1010 Apple, the Apple logo, AppleTalk, A/UX, LaserWriter, Macintosh, and Quadra are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc., registered in the United States and other countries. Finder and QuickTime are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. Adobe Illustrator and PostScript are registered trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated. DEC, VAX, VT52, and VT100 are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. ITC Garamond and ITC Zapf Dingbats are registered trademarks of International Typeface Corporation. Linotronic is a registered trademark of Linotype Company. Microsoft and MS-DOS are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. QuarkXPress is a registered trademark of Quark, Inc. UNIX is a registered trademark of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc. X Window System is a trademark of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Simultaneously published in the United States and Canada. Mention of third-party products is for informational purposes only and constitutes neither an endorsement nor a recommendation. Apple assumes no responsibility with regard to the performance or use of these products. The learning path through A/UX documentation A/UX Essential Manuals set Xll User's Guide forA/UX …

A/UX® Local System Administration 0 030-0762-A It APPLE COMPUTER, INC. © 1990, Apple Computer, Inc. lTC Zapf Dingbats are registered All rights reserved. trademarks of International Typeface Corporation. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval Microsoft is a registered trademark of system, or transmitted, in any form or Microsoft Corporation. by any means, mechanical, electronic, POSTSCRIPT is a registered trademark, photocopying, recording, or and illustrator is a trademark of Adobe otherwise, without prior written Systems, Incorporated. permission of Apple Computer, Inc. Printed in the United States of UNIX is a registered trademark of America. AT&T Infonnation Systems. The Apple logo is a registered Simultaneously published in the trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. United States and Canada. Use of the "keyboard" logo (Option­ SHIFT-K) for commercial purposes without the prior written consent of Apple may constitute trademark infringement and unfair competition in violation of federal and state laws. Apple Computer, Inc. 20525 Mariani Ave. Cupertino, California 95014 (408) 996-1010 Apple, the Apple logo, A/UX, Macintosh, Mac, AppleCD SC, MacTerminal, LaserWriter, ImageWriter, and AppleTalk are registered trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. Finder and EtherTalk are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. B-NET is a registered trademark of UniSoft Corporation. DEC, VAX, and VTlOO are trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation. Ethernet is a reg�tered trademark of Xerox Corporation. NFS is a trademark of Sun MicroSystems Inc. Diablo is a registered trademark of Xerox Corporation. 030-0762-A LiMITED WAIUIANTY ON MEDIA Even tl1ough Apple has reviewed d1is AND REPLACEMENT manual, APPLE MAKES NO WARIIAI'I'TY OR REPRESENTATION, If you discover physical defects in the EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, manual or in tl1e media on which a WITH RESPECf TO TinS MANUAL, 0 software product is distributed, Apple ITS QUALITY, ACCURACY, will replace the media or manual at MERCHANTABWTY, OR FITNESS no charge to you provided you return FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. AS A the item to be replaced with proof of RESULT, liDS MANUAL IS SOLD purchase to Apple or an authorized "AS IS," AND YOU, THE Apple dealer during the 90-day period PURCHASER, ARE ASSUMING THE after you purchased the software. In ENTIRE…

.. -® MacX"' �� User's Guide • APPLE COMPUTER, INC. This manual and the software described in it are copyrighted, with all rights reserved. Under the copyright laws, this manual or the software may not be copied, in whole or part, without written consent of Apple, except in the normal use of the software or to make a backup copy of the software. The same proprietary and copyright notices must be affixed to any permitted copies as were afftxed to the original. This exception does _,- not allow copies to be made for others, whether or not sold, but all of the material \......./ purchased (with all backup copies) may be sold, given, or loaned to another person. Under the law, copying includes translating into another language or format. You may use the software on any computer owned by you, but extra copies cannot be made for this purpose. The Apple logo is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. Use of the "keyboard" Apple logo (Option-Shift-K) for commercial purposes without the prior written consent of Apple may constitute trademark infringement and unfair competition in violation of federal and state laws. © Apple Computer, Inc., 1990 MacDraw and MacWrite are registered 20525 Mariani Avenue trademarks of CLARIS Corporation. Cupertino, CA 95014 Microsoft is a registered trademark of (408) 996-1010 Microsoft Corporation. Apple, the Apple logo, AppleUnk, PostScript is a registered trademark, AppleShare, AppleTalk, A/UX, and Illustrator is a trademark, of HyperCard, ImageWriter, LaserWriter, Adobe Systems Incorporated. Macintosh, MacTCP, and MultiFinder are registered trademarks of Apple ULTRIX and VMS are trademarks of Computer, Inc. Digital Equipment Corporation. Color QuickDraw, Disk First Aid, UNIX is a registered trademark of Finder, and MacX are trademarks of AT&T Information Systems. Apple Computer, Inc. Varityper is a registered trademark, Helvetica, Linotronic, and Times are and VT600 is a trademark, of AM registered trademarks of Linotype International, Inc. Company. X Window System is a trademark of ITC Zapf Dingbats is a registered MIT. trademark of International Typeface Simultaneously published in the Corporation. United States and Canada. Contents Figures and tables ix Welcome to MacX xiii Who should read this guide xiv How to use this guide xv For the beginner xv For the expert xv …

A/UX® Network System Administration 030-0778-A • APPLE COMPUTER, INC. © 1990, Apple Computer, Inc., and ITC Zapf Dingbats are registered UniSoft Corporation. All rights trademarks of International Typeface reserved. Corporation. Portions of this document have been MacPaint is a registered trademark of previously copyrighted by AT&T Claris Corporation. Information Systems and the Regents Microsoft is a registered trademark of of the University of California, and are Microsoft Corporation. reproduced with permission. Under the copyright laws, this manual may NFS is a registered trademark of Sun not be copied, in whole or part, Microsystems. without the written consent of Apple POSTSCRIPT is a registered trademark, or UniSoft. The same proprietary and and Illustrator is a trademark of Adobe copyright notices must be affixed to Systems, Incorporated. any permitted copies as were affixed to the original. Under the law, copying UNIX is a registered trademark and includes translating into another 3B20 is a trademark of AT&T language or format. Information Systems. The Apple logo is a registered VAX is a trademark of Digital trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. Equipment Corporation. Use of the "keyboard" Apple logo Simultaneously published in the (Option-Shift-K) for commercial United States and Canada. purposes without the prior written consent of Apple may constitute trademark infringement and unfair competition in violation of federal and state laws. Apple Computer, Inc. 20525 Mariani Ave. Cupertino, California 95014 (408) 996-1010 Apple, the Apple logo, AppleShare, AppleTalk, A/UX, ImageWriter, LaserWriter, and Macintosh are registered trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. APDA, EtherTalk, and LocalTalk are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. B-NET is a registered trademark of UniSoft Corporation. Ethernet is a registered trademark of Xerox Corporation. 030-0778-A Contents Figures and tables I xix Preface I xxi Who should read this guide I xxii How to use this guide I xxii What you should already know I xxii Conventions used in this guide I xxiii Keys and key combinations I xxiii Terminology I xxiv The Cou r i e r font I XXV Font styles I xxv A/UX command syntax I xxvi Command reference notation I xxvii Cross referencing I xxviii Terminology used in this guide I xxviii 1 Introduction I 1-1 2 Establi…

A/UX Networking Essentials Release 3.0 Limited Warranty on Media and Rep lacement If you discover physical defects in the manuals distributed with an Apple product or in the media on which a software product is distributed, Apple will replace the media or manuals at no charge to you, provided you return the item to be replaced with proof of purchase to Apple or an authorized Apple dealer during the 90-day period after you purchased the software. In addition, Apple will replace damaged software media and manuals for as long as the software product is included in Apple's Media Exchange Program. While not an upgrade or update method, this program offers additional protection for up to two years or more from d1e date of your original purchase. See your authorized Apple dealer for program coverage and details. In some countries the replacement period may be different; check with your authorized Apple dealer. All IMPLIED WARRANTIES ON THE MEDIA AND MANUALS, INCLUDING IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, ARE LIMITED IN DURATION TO NINE1Y (90) DAYS FROM THE DATE OF THE ORIGINAL RETAIL PURCHASE OF TillS PRODUCT. Even d1ough Apple has tested the software and reviewed the documentation, APPLE MAKES NO WARRAN1Y OR REPRESENTATION, EITHER EXPRESS, OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO SOFTWARE, ITS QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILITY, OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. AS A RESULT, TillS SOFTWARE IS SOLD "AS IS," AND YOU, THE PURCHASER, ARE ASSUMING THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO ITS QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE. IN NO EVENT WILL APPLE BE LIABLE FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM ANY DEFECT IN THE SOFTWARE OR ITS DOCUMENTATION, even if advised of the possibility of such damages. In particular, Apple shall have no liability for any programs or data stored in or used with Apple products, including the costs of recovering such programs or data. THEWARRAN1Y AND REMEDIES SET FORm ABOVE ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF All OTHERS, ORAL OR WRITTEN, EXPRESS, OR IMPLIED. No Apple dealer, agent, or employee is authorized to make any modification, extension, or addition to this warranty. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of implied warranties or liability for incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have od1er rights which vary from state to state. el Apple Computer, Inc. © 1992, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Apple Computer, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, mechanical, electronic, photocopying, recording, or otheiWise, without prior written pem1ission of Apple Computer, Inc. Printed in the United States of America. The Apple logo is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. Use of the "keyboard" logo (Option­ S…

A/UX Programming J Languages and Tools Volume 1 Release 3.0 LiMITED wARRAN1Y ON MEDIA AND REPlACEMENT If you discover physical defects in the manuals distributed with an Apple product or in the media on which a software product is distributed, Apple will replace the media or manuals at no charge to you, provided you return the item to be replaced with proof of purchase to Apple or an authorized Apple dealer during the 90-day period after you purchased the software. In addition, Apple will replace damaged software media and manuals for as long as the software product is included in Apple's Media Exchange Program. While not an upgrade or update method, this program offers additional protection for up to two years or more from the date of your original purchase. See your authorized Apple dealer for program coverage and details. In some countries the replacement period may be different; check with your authorized Apple dealer. All IMPLIED WARRANTIES ON TilE MEDIA AND MANUALS, INCLUDING IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABllllY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICUlAR PURPOSE, ARE UMITED IN DURATION TO NINE1Y (90) DAYS FROM TilE DATE OF TilE ORIGINAL RETAIL PURCHASE OF THIS PRODUCT. Even though Apple has tested the software and reviewed the documentation, APPLE MAKES NO WARRAN1Y OR REPRESENTATION, EITHER EXPRESS, OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO SOFTWARE, ITS QUALI1Y, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABllllY, OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICUlAR PURPOSE. AS A RESULT, THIS SOFTWARE IS SOLD "AS IS," AND YOU, TilE PURCHASER, ARE ASSUMING TilE ENTIRE RISK AS TO ITS QUALI1Y AND PERFORMANCE. IN NO EVENT WILL APPLE BE LIABLE FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM ANY DEFECT IN TilE SOFTWARE OR ITS DOCUMENTATION, even if advised of the possibility of such damages. In particular, Apple shall have no liability for any programs or data stored in or used with Apple products, including the costs of recovering such programs or data. TilE WARRAN1Y AND REMEDIES SET FORffi ABOVE ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF All OTIIERS, ORAL OR WRITTEN, EXPRESS, OR IMPLIED. No Apple dealer, agent, or employee is authorized to make any modification, extension, or addition to this warranty. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of implied warranties or liability for incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state. tl Apple Computer, Inc. ©1992, Apple Computer, Inc., and UniSoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Portions of this document have been previously copyrighted by AT&T Information Systems and the Regents of the University of California, and are reproduced with permission. Under the copyright laws, this manual may not be copied, in whole or part, without the written consent of Apple or UniSoft. The same proprietary and copyright notices must be affixed to any permit…