A/UX Reference Summary and Index Release 3.0 LIMITED WARRAN1Y ON MEDIA AND REPLACEMENT If you disco\'er physical defects in the manuals distributed with an Apple product or in the media on which a software product is distributed, Apple will replace the media or manuals at no charge to you, provided you return tlw item to he replaced with proof of purchase to Apple or an authorized Apple cbder during tlw 90-day period after you purcl1ased the software. In addition, Apple will replace damaged software media and manuals for as long as the software product is included in Apple's Media Exchange Program. While not an upgrade or update method, this program offers additional protection for up to two years or more from the date of your original purchase. See your authorized Apple dealer for program coverage and details. In some countries the replacement period may be different: check with your authorized Apple dealer. ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES ON THE MEDIA AND MANUALS, INCLUDING IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILI1Y AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICUIAR PURPOSE, ARE LIMITED IN DURATION TO NINE1Y (90) DAYS FROM THE DATE OF THE ORIGINAL RETAIL PURCHASE OF THIS PRODUCT. Even though Apple has tested the software and reviewed the documentation, APPLE MAKES NO WARRAN1Y OR REPRESENTATION, EITHER EXPRESS, OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO SOFTWARE, ITS QUALI1Y, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABILI1Y, OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICUIAR PURPOSE. AS A RESULT, THIS SOFTWARE IS SOLD "AS IS," AND YOU, THE PURCHASER, ARE ASSUMING THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO ITS QUALI1Y AND PERFORMANCE. IN NO EVENT WILL APPLE BE LIABLE FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM ANY DEFECT IN THE SOFTWARE OR ITS DOCUMENTATION, even if ach ised of the possibility of such damages. In particular, Apple shall have no liability for any programs or data stored in or used with Apple products, including the costs of recovering such programs or data. THE WARRAN1Y AND REMEDIES SET FORTH ABOVE ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHERS, ORAL OR WRITTEN, EXPRESS, OR IMPLIED. No Apple dealer, agent, or employee is authorized to make any modification, extension, or addition to this \varranty. Some states do not allo\\' the exclusion or limitation of implied warranties or liability for incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also ha\e other rights which \ary from state to state. S Apple Computer, Inc. © 1992, Apple Computer, Inc., and UniSoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Portions of this document have been previously copyrighted by AT&T Information Systems and the Regents of the University of California, and are reproduced with permission. Under the copyright laws, thi~ manual may not be copied, in whole or part, without the written consent of Apple or UniSoft. The same proprietary and copyright notices must be affixed to any permitted copies as were affixed to the original. Under …

... Block Diagram -- LJaffy SONY Compo•ite out CXAI 14SM RGB to Compo•ite Video i~L~: I Encodu PAL/NTSC• oelect (from glue logic) ... 17.73447S Mhz Mhz Coe Ooc ...... Floppy Conn 20pin ~ ........~\:...............................................................................~,... divide ;=~~ ~'.;.:"" by 4 14.318180 SWIM -,;- t•~+i:::-1 Config ROM A[18:2] ICD2062 ~-.,~~~~~,,.•,3~''''''''''~'~ Clock Gen Flash 128K x 8 PBDuoPDS 152 in Romcs...,rd*,wrt' MA[31:24] & A[23:0] ECL Pixe!Clks MuxPD[31:0] RGBout AC842 RAMDAC Pix Data Muxes Bank_se~ load• Buss Transceivers 68030 D[31:0] Qty 2 74FCT16245• Qty 8 74FCT399s (68030 DSACKa•, TS•, newa.iz, PAL/NTSC•oek<:t, ROMca•,acsird•,scsiwr•, A[31:0] Audio channel TDA1308 Audio from Duo Amp BD[31:0] rdn 7 /15/93 ' /' REV. ZONE APPD DATE""' PRODUCTfON RELEASE A ' REVISION ECN# .- ) NOT~: MANUFACTIJRERS RECEIVING APPLE APPROVED VENDOR STATUS FOR THEIR PRODUCT UNDER THIS PART NUMBER PLEASE NOTE: You must not change your part design, materials or manufacturing process from those used for the original samples submitted to and approved by Apple without written approval of Apple. Proposed changes determined by Apple to be significant, will require the manufacturer to submit new samples and/or d-:::ta for review and approval prior to product ~hipments to Apple. (Refer to burn-in specification 344$0128) r ti® Apple Computer, Inc. METRIC DIMENSIONS ARE IN MllilMEICRS. DIMENSIONS IN BRACXETS ( I ARE IN INOffiS. TOLERANCES x.x ± J.3 [.01] X.XX± 0.13 [.005) X.YXX ± O.Q3 [.001} (0 B.T. NOTICEOFPROPRIETARYPROPERTY ------+MFG--'APl'D..__..._.....,..... (I) TO MA!NfAIN TillS D00JMENT IN CONFIDENCE ENm:'G APl'D \ /,; , / // (II) NOTTO REPRODUCE OR COPY IT I\ I (Ill) NOT TO REVEAL OR PUBLISH IT IN WHOU! OR PART "l (IV) AILRIGHTSRBSERVED i..; TITLE DESIGNER // RELEASE // // ' IC, ASIC, CMOS, OAFS II, (Direct Access Frame Buffer Controller II), SCALE: ANGLEs± O_.I_ _ DO NOT SCALE DRAWING }Q 7'4(.1 y::} J.-1, . '2'. L., lHEINFORMATIONCONTAINEDHEREINISlHEPROPRIETARYPROPERlY t / ~ ;:J / '.JJ.. OF APPLE COMPIJIBR, INC. 1ltE POSSESSOR AGREES TO TIIE RX.LOWING: QAAPPD or as noted DBSIGNCK J NONE MATERIALJFINISH Sl2li NOTED AS APPLICABLE A 160-PIN PQFP ORA WING NUMBER 34380128-A 1.0 SCOPE: This specifies the parametric requirements for the DAFB II ("Direct Access Frame Buffer Controller II") LC., which is designed to control a video frame buffer and interface it to a 68040 system bus. The part was originally designed using the VTI VGT300-046 gate array, a 1µ CMOS process. This device is packaged in a 160-pin PQFP. 2ffiffl~IB~~~~~g~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Mg~re~~~~~~N ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ VAO VA1 vss VA2 VSSI VA3 VA4 VA5 VDD VA6 VA? VAf3 vss RESET VDDI Rm VSSI TT1 TS SIZEO SIZE1 l~ A29 A28··· VSSI A27 A26 VDDI A25 A24 vss TBI TA TEA VDD XCVREN VAN/ BOO 801 SCLK1 SCLKO VDD LO SYNCACTIVE 120 119 118 117 116 115 114…

Lisa . BASIC-Plus 2.0 User's Guide BEGIN SORT LOOP FOR X1% = 1% TO X%( ll%) V3% = X%(36% + X1%) ' - - - - - -....- . , X2$ = SPACE$(V3%) \ W9% = V3% + 4% ~7" : 110" - 385!1i • X. (13") \ V2!1i : FNV!Ii(W ~, 18041J!1i) \ V4% = 509% I W9% \ Vi" : INSTR(1lt X$, ' \ W7% = 46% + (X 1%-1%) • 7% \ V2" : FNU!Ii(6" . 180ao.. W~. \U7$ = SPACE$ (511%-V4%*W9%) \ V2" : FNU"( 7., 18040", W7!Ii, IF (VO!li-365!1) \ FIELD 111%, W9% * (W4%-1%) AS X4$, W9% AS U$ CALC ADDRESS OF I,Il FOR W4% = 1% TO V4% GET ~ eUOCK CHECK FOR AVAI LABUE ERROR IF NONE ERROR IF OVER LIMIT 1540 FOR W4% = 7% TO 1% STEP -1% \ W1% = X% (W7% + W4%) \ IF W1% THEN LSET X2$ = MID rV$, V2%(W 1%), X%( 129% + (W 1% I STEP THROUGH' FIELD NUMBERS I IF NOT ZERO THEN ADD APPROPRIATE Workshop User's Guide for the Lisa'" Licensing Re(JJiremenu for Software Oevel~n Apple has a low-cost Ucenslng program, which permits developers of software for the Lisa to incorporate Apple-developed libraries and object code fUes into their prOducts. Both in-house and external distribution require a license. Before distributing any products that incorporate Apple software, please contact Software Licensing at the address below for both licensing and technical information. @1983 by Apple Computer, Inc. 20525 Mariani Avenue CUpertino, california 95014 (408) .996-1010 Apple, Usa and the Apple logo are trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. Simultaneously published In the USA and Canada customer satisfactioo If you discover physical defects in the manuals distributed with a Usa product or in the media on which a software product is distributed, ~ple will replace the documentation or media at no charge to you during the 90-day period after you purchased the product. Pro<lJct Revisions Unless you have purchased the product update service available through your authorized Lisa dealer, Apple cannot guarantee that you will receIve notice of a revision to the software described in this manual, even if you have returned a registration card received with the product. You should check periodically with your authorized Lisa dealer. Umltatlon on Wanmtles cnj Llcnllity All lmplled warranties concernlng this manual and media, including implled warranties of merchantabiUty and fitness for a particular purpose, are limited in duration to ninety (90) days from the date of original retail purchase of this prodUcL Even though Apple has tested the software described In this manual and reviewed its contents, neither Apple nor its software suppl1ers maKe any warranty or representation, eIther express or Implled, with respect to this manual or to the software described in this manual, their quallty, performance, merChantablllty, or fitness for any partiCular purpose. ~ a result, this software and manual are sold "as is," and you the purchaser are assuming the enUre risk as to theIr quaUty and performance. In no event will Apple or its soft'Nare suppliers be liable for direct, indirect, special, incidental, or consequential damages…

Page 18 The Analytical Engine July-September 1994 THE APPLE LISA COMPUTER: A RETROSPECTIVE (c) Copyright 1993 • David T. Craig1 CIS 71533,606 INTRODUCTION This paper is an attempt by a long-time Lisa user to clarify the significance of the Apple Lisa personal computer for the computing industry. The audience is anyone who has an interest in innovative computing technology, and wants to learn a little about Apple Computer's brief foray into this area via the Lisa computer. This paper hopes to show why the Lisa was significant in its time, and how some of what was called "Lisa Technology" is slowly migrating to other computer systems, notably the Apple Macintosh computer series. The author has never worked for Apple, and so is not privy to any "insider secrets" about this machine. All information contained herein was obtained from Apple's cornucopia of Lisa and Macintosh literature, from discussions with other Lisa owners, and through my personal involvement with and observation of both machines since 1984. This paper is loosely based upon the excellent article "The Legacy of the Lisa" (MacWorld magazine, Sep. 1985) as written by Mr. Larry Tesler, one of the Lisa's main designers and currently Chief Scientist at Apple Computer. A LITTLE BIT OF HISTORY Apple began developing the Lisa in 1979. The Lisa's charter was to build a revolutionary device that was truly easy to use, and thereby mitigate the limitations of existing computers. Developing a computer which was an order of magnitude easier to use than traditional computers required several major departures, not all of which were obvious. Even the name "Lisa" has always been rather enigmatic for most computer users, including Lisa owners. To set the story straight (as far as I know) here are the facts: Officially, Apple states that "Lisa" stood for "Local Integrated July-September 1994 The Analytical Engine Software Architecture." Unofficially, "Lisa" has been associated with the name of a child fathered by one of the Lisa designers.2 The Lisa had several design goals: * Be intuitive, * be consistent, * conform to the ways people actually work, * have enough performance to do the jobs that need doing, * provide an open software and hardware architecture, * be reliable, * be pleasing, and * fit into an everyday work environment. The Lisa was based on sophisticated hardware technology. The single compact desktop unit contained a 12-inch black-and-white screen, and two revolutionary floppy disk drives called "Twiggy" - after the English supermodel of the day, because she, and they, were so thin. The Lisa contained a Motorola 68000 processor and 1 megabyte of memory, expandable to 2 megabytes. Cabled to the Lisa's case were a keyboard, and a (then) uncommon peripheral called a "mouse," which was a key element of the Lisa's design. Apple introduced the Lisa to the general public in January 1983 at a price of $9,995. In April 1985, after only one and a half years, Apple discontinued the Lisa i…

TFB SPECIFICATION Frame buffer specification for 1 February 1986. comments and questions are encouraged, direct them to Toby Farrand at MIS 22Y x2524. TFB Specification Apple Confidential UPDATES TO THE SPECIFICATION The following is a list of changes made to the frame buffer specification for the 28 June 1985 version of the document. 123456789- Support for the planar color model has been dropped from section 1.3. The frame buffer memory map has been updated in section 2.0. Many of the control register definitions have changed in section 3.0. Several pin definitions have changed in section 4.0. Test mode operation has changed, and is explained in section 4.3. Planar mode accesses have been eliminated. Data transfer cycles are changed in section 5.2. Appendix A has been added to suggest possible configurations using the TFB. Timing information has been added in Appendix B. The following is a list of changes made to the frame buffer specification for the 1 February 1986 version of the document. These changes apply only to the 1.1 version of the TFB. 12345678911 10 - Support for variable depth color has been added to the chip. Support for multiplexed address and data buses has been added to the chip. The speed of the chip has been increased substantially. The bus interface has been simplified. The chip parameter descriptions have been rewritten and elaborated on. The SCI- pin has been eliminated in favor of a pixel clock output pin. The DS- pin has been eliminated in favor of a dedicated test mode pin. The definitions and timing of the WEN and CMA buses have been changed. All of the figures and diagrams have been updated. Several configuration paramenter have been added. The appendicies have been updated. 1 February 1986 1 Toby Farrand Apple Confidential TFB Specification TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION 3 1.1 1.2 1.3 3 4 How to Read this Document System Configuration Features 2.0 DATA ORGANIZATION 5 3.0 CONTROL REGISTER DESCRIPTION 5 3.1 3.2 3.3 6 9 3.4 4.0 5.0 System Configuration Parameters Horizontal Timing Parameters Vertical Timing Parameters Initialization Procedure 11 12 SIGNAL DESCRIPTION 12 4.1 4.2 Inputs Outputs 13 15 Bus Operation 17 5.1 5.2 5.3 17 17 18 RAMCycle Data Transfer Cycle Refresh Cycle 6.0 Future Directions 18 6.0 Conclusion 19 Appendix A - Application Note. 20 Appendix B - Electrical Specifications. 24 Appendix C - Pinout and Mechanical Data. 31 1 February 1986 2 Toby Farrand Apple Confidential TFB Specification 1.0 INTRODUCTION One distinguishing characteristic of Apple's computer products is the tight coupling our machines have between their memory and video systems. This tight coupling results in products which have superior graphics in terms of resolution, speed and cost. This architecture's costs are significant,however, as the video refresh circuitry typically consumes between 40-50% of the available bus bandwidth. The demand for increased processor speed, …

• A/UX Command Reference Section 1(A-F) Release 3.0 LIMITED WARRAN1Y ON MEDIA AND REPLACEMENT If you discover physical defects in the manuals distributed with an Apple product or in the media on which a software product is distributed, Apple will replace the media or manuals at no charge to you, provided you return the item to be replaced with proof of purchase to Apple or an authorized Apple dealer during the 90-day period after you purchased the software. In addition, Apple will replace damaged software media and manuals for as long as the software product is included in Apple's Media Exchange Program. While not an upgrade or update method, this program offers additional protection for up to two years or more from the date of your original purchase. See your authorized Apple dealer for program coverage and details. In some countries the replacement period may be different; check with your authorized Apple dealer. All IMPLIED WARRANTIES ON THE MEDIA AND MANUAIS, INCLUDING IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABIU'IY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICUIAR PURPOSE, ARE LIMITED IN DURATION TO NINE'IY (90) DAYS FROM THE DATE OF THE ORIGINAL RETAIL PURCHASE OF TIIIS PRODUCT. Even though Apple has tested the software and reviewed the documentation, APPLE MAKES NO WARRAN'IY OR REPRESENTATION, EffilER EXPRESS, OR IMPLIED, WITH RESPECT TO SOFTWARE, ITS QUALITY, PERFORMANCE, MERCHANTABIU1Y, OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. AS A RESULT, TIIIS SOFTWARE IS SOLD "AS IS," AND YOU, THE PURCHASER, ARE ASSUMING THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO ITS QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE. IN NO EVENT WILL APPLE BE LIABLE FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM ANY DEFECT IN THE SOFTWARE OR ITS DOCUMENTATION, even if advised of the possibility of such damages. In particular, Apple shall have no liability for any programs or data stored in or used with Apple products, including the costs of recovering such programs or data. THE WARRAN'IY AND REMEDIES SET FORTH ABOVE ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF All OTHERS, ORAL OR WRITTEN, EXPRESS, OR IMPLIED. No Apple dealer, agent, or employee is authorized to make any modification, extension, or addition to this warranty. Some states do not allow the exclusion or limitation of implied warranties or liability for incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation or exclusion may not apply to you. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights which vary from state to state. ti Apple Computer, Inc. © 1992, Apple Computer, Inc., and UniSoft Corporation. All rights reserved. Portions of this document have been previously copyrighted by AT&T Information Systems and the Regents of the University of California, and are reproduced with permission. Under the copyright laws, this manual may not be copied, in whole or part, without the written consent of Apple or UniSoft. The same proprietary and copyright notices must be affixed to any permitted copies as were affixed to the original…

DBugEqu.Text Thu, Mar FILENAME: 16, 1989 11 :03 PM DBUGEQU LmaJ Memory ( i e $400 -- $600) !----------------------! I RTNADDR !----------------------! is as f o11 ows: <-- $400 <-- GLOBSTRT Assembly Language Globals i !----------------------! i I I I I <-- GLOBEND Pascal Gi obal Variables !----------------------! i Free 1----------------------i Debuggers <-- GLOBEND+PGLOBSZ <-- $600 data. area below the screen !----------------------! <-- HEAPPTF: Debuggers Heap I I l----------------1-----i I I I l I <-- SYMBEG Users Symbol Table i----------------------1 <-- SYMEND I Free j 1------·---------------- ! <-- A7 Debuggers Stack ; DATASIZ . . !----------------------! (-- ($110) EQU size of debuggers 4096 ' ; Assemb I y Language ; Globals RTNADDR EQU $0400 TRAPSR SYMBBEG SYMBEND EQU EQU EQU RTNADDR+4 TRAPSR+2 SYMBBEG+4 .' ; Assembly Language Globals Initialized data area bei ow the screen by STARTUP return address for taik value to set into SR on next trap ptr to symbol tab1 e begin ptr to symbol table end Zeroed by STARTUP, Initialized ; GLOBSTF:T EQU RUNFLAG EQU SYMBEND+4 GLOBSiHT g1oba 1 area start running the user boolean by INITDBUG OBugEqu.Text G02DBUG NOTALK DBGMODE USERREGS TRAPNUMB FCODE ACCADDR INSTR USERA5 NEWCPU NEW IO MEMOFS VIA2PTR IXAREA IXPTR SETV IDL OLDSETT MSBASE UNUSED .JUMP3PTR .JUMP2PTR .JUMP 1PTR MAINPC MAINSP EQU EQU EQU EG!U EQU EQU EQU EQU EQU EG!U EQU EQU EQU EQU EQU EG!U EQU EG!U EQU EQU EQU RUNFLAG+2 G02DBUG+2 NOTAU<+l DBGMODE+l USEF:REGS+80 TRAPNUMB+2 FCODE+2 ACCADDR+4 INSTR+2 USERA5+4 NEWCPU+l NEWI0+1 MEMOFS+4 VIA2PTR+4 IXAREA+10 IXPTR+4 SETVIDL+l OLDSETT+1 MSBASE+4 UNUSED+4 JUMP3PTR+4 mu .JUMP2Prn+4 EQU MAINPC+4 MAINSP+4 MAINA6+4 COPSFLAG+l COPSFLAG+2 TWGDONE+2 BPTINIT+4 BPTCREAT+4 BPTSET+4 BPTCLEAR+4 ADDRDCT+4 ADDRBPT+4 HEAPPTF:+4 TENTRY+4 EQU EQU COPSFLAG EQU COPSBYTE EG!U TWGDONE EQU BPTINIT EQU BPTCREAT EQU BPTSET rnu BPTCLEAR EQU ADDRDCT EQU ADDRBPT EQU HEAPPTR EQU TENTF\Y EQU TEX IT mu PHBASE EG!U OLDATRAP EQU ATRACEON mu ATRACESE EQU BLKMOVE EQU GLOBEND EQU MAINA6 BPTCOUNT BPTTABLE PPTCOUNT PPTTABLE RTNCOUNT RTNSTACK Thu, Mar .JUMP1PTR+4 TEXIT+4 PRBASE+4 OLDAiRAP+4 ATF:ACEON+2 ATRACESE+2 BLKMOVE+4 EQU 0 EQU BPTCOUNT+2 BPTTABLE+160 PPTCOUNT+2 PPTTABLE+56 RTt~COUNT +2 RTNSTACK+32 16, 1989 , 11:03 PM 2 indicates we trapped in user indicates no talk program (since $120 was 0) (normal ,tracing,ixtracing,assembling,heapfault> save area for user registers the short address passed a1ong to the user the function code the access address the instruct ion User A5 register recorded by the Loader Feb82 CPU board Feb82 IiO board offset to start of memory contains @VIA2, note: @vial is at $134 5 word save area for IX command pointer to Pc-10 for IX command boo! ean, video page i atch needs to be set o1 d screen setting, O=primary, 1=alternate four bytes of screen contra 1 ptr to jump table for Lisabug3.obj ptr to jump table for Lisabug2.…

Classic Mac Tech Docs, v1.1: No warranties expressed or implied. Use at your own risk! Classic Mac Tech Info 1.0 Introduction Except for minor variations, the analog board for the Mac Plus described in this document is the same as that used in earlier models (the 128K and 512K/512Ke), and contains the horizontal, vertical, video and power supply circuits. The horizontal and video circuits are also virtually identical to those used in the SE and SE/30, but the vertical and power supply circuits are completely different. As will be obvious from the schematics, the vertical circuit in the classic machines makes sparse use of ICs, so it is a bit “partsy.” However, it is a reliable design with no history of unusual problems. The power supply, on the other hand, is notoriously prone to failure, as there is no fan inside the unit (Steve Jobs objected to the noise, and preferred to risk overheating the machine instead). 2.0 Video Circuit The video amplifier is a simple shunt-peaked common-emitter amplifier: FIGURE 1. Video amplifier +30V +12-15kV From horizontal circuit 9” CRT +5V L4 27µH R25 470 CR13 9 U2 J4-1 10 8 CR14 CR12 R14 1k 2W R20 220 NE2 Q7 2N3904 R27 220 CR12-14: 1N4150 (similar to 1N914) J2-9 7 6 1 2 +12F 3 L5 27µH J2-8 J2-3 J2-1 J2-5 C15 C17 4 J2-6,7 NE1 C16 Note: C15-17 are 0.01µF capacitors with 1.5kV spark gaps IC U2 is a quad open-collector NAND, one gate of which is connected as a simple inverter to present the video signal to Q7 with the proper polarity (a low at J4-1 corresponds to white). Resistor R25 is the NAND gate’s pullup resistor. Diodes CR13 and CR14 form a Baker clamp to prevent saturation of Q7 when driven hard, thereby speeding up response. Inductor L4 is a shunt peaking element for boosting the high frequency response of the video amplifier. Diode CR12 is a protection device, clamping the collector of Q7 to a max- Classic Mac Tech Info ©2000 Thomas H. Lee, rev. April 17, 2002; All rights reserved Page 1 of 18 Classic Mac Tech Docs, v1.1: No warranties expressed or implied. Use at your own risk! imum of a diode drop above 30V, despite inductive kickback from L4, and even if some CRT fault occurs. Resistor R20 limits the current under the latter fault condition. The two neon bulbs act as voltage clamping devices to prevent serious overvoltages on the filament and cathode terminals of the CRT. Similarly, the 1.5kV spark gaps integral with C15-C17 act to protect the CRT under transient fault conditions. Finally, inductor L5 provides ac isolation between the CRT and the 12V filament supply. 3.0 Horizontal Circuit The high voltages in this circuit are all byproducts of horizontal deflection. The TTL-level horizontal drive signal from the main logic board is inverted by open-collector NAND U2 (here connected as a simple inverter, with pullup resistor R26). The inverted signal then feeds a small driver transistor Q6, whose output couples to the horizontal output transistor Q3 through isolation tran…

( C++ Technical Notes-Number 1 H. Kanner Development Systems Group 29 February 1988 This is the first of a series of technical notes on the C++ language. Because there is as yet only one book on the language, TM C++ Programming Language by Bjarne Stroustrup, and many sections of the book have been written in a difficult to follow style, I felt that it might be of use to write some notes on various aspects of the language with which I initially had difficulty. By the way, the cited book will be refeITed to here and henceforth as The Book. It has often been said that the ultimate definition of a programming language is the official compiler. That is, the semantics of a piece of source code is really understood by inspecting the output of the compiler. In the case of the AT&T C++ compiler, this task is made easier by the fact that this output is C code. I cannot too strongly recommend to readers that they try to clear up linguistic obscurities by consttucting the simplest possible test cases, running them through cfront, and looking at the output. One warning: do not try this with an inliM function. This fust note deals with references. I anticipate a minimum of two more notes, to be published when I feel I understand the subjects sufticiendy. They will respectively cover constructors and destn1etors, with emphasis on their storage management aspects, and overloaded opezators, with emphasis on the distinction between defining them as TMmbers or friends. I had a little difficulty understanding why references had been introduced into C++. They are an exception to the symmetry of the terrible C notation for declarations, in which one can at least say that operators such as •, Q,_311d Dhave the same meaning when used in a declaration as when used in an expression. That is, char *s; char* t; char c • *t; all use the * to denote dereferencing a pointer. The first of the above three lines should literally be read: "If you were to dereferences, you would get a char." It is ttue that the compiler does not care where the white space is, and Bjame prefers the style of the second line, which he likes to state as "t is a pointer to char," as if char* represented the type "pointer to char." This is very informal. In fact he cautions that if you wril8 ._ chait"* s,t,u; only the first~ dlele will be a poinrer to char; the second two will be declared as char. A reference uses the & symbol. But int& means reference to int, &x means address of x, and neither of int& x; int &x; can be interpreted as "If you were to take the address of x,. you would get an int." ,./ 2 I now whet the reader's interest by making a promise. By the end of this note, I will have illustrated that references make it possible for the following to be perfectly legal C++: int i; f(i) - 10; I introduce references by exploring to the point of tediousness what we really mean when we say int i. The symbol i is regarded as a synonym for the address, to be determined at some fuwre time, of a…

Lisa 2 Upgrade Kit Customer Instructions Installation and Data Transfer 029-OS05-A Lisa 2 Ungrade Kit Customer Instructions The following procedures describe the process of loading the Lisa 2 software on a Lisa 1 that has been upgraded to a Lisa 2. Before continuing, be sure you have completed the items on the following checklist. Have you: 1) Received your update to the Workshop? Language product (Workshop, Pascal, Basic, COBOL) versions that ran with orfice System 1.0 will NOT be compatible with this new release of the Office System. Those who have purchased the language products should order an update to them before installing this upgrade. 2) Loaded your documents to the ProFile? You should have loaded the documents you wish to save on ProFile before bringing your system to the dealer for installation of the retrofit hardware. If you are performing the retrofit yourself) the procedure for saving your documents is described in appendix 1 at the end of this docurrent. This process takes anywhere from ten minutes to tVJlO hours, depending on the arrount of data you wish to save. 3) Had the upgrade hardware installed? The dealer typically performs this part of the upgrade. If you have received this kit without access to a dealer t you can perform the upgrade following the procedures in appendix 2 at the end of this document. This process takes about one-half hour. 4) Purchased enough micro diskettes to contain the documents you wish to save? The procedure requires that the user purchase enough microdiskettes to carry all of the customer's data files saved on the ProFile. This would be a maximum of eight for each ProFile; two are included with the kit. Once you have completed these steps, continue with the software installation instructions on the following page. 029-0S0S-A Page 1·· Appendix 2: Lisa Z Hardware Installation The upgrade kit consists of five hardware parts) plus software: 1) micro diskette drive carrier assembly 2) Lisa 2 front panel 3) 28-pin CPU board boot ROM - high (part #341-0175) 4) 28-pin CPU board boot ROM - low (part #341-0176) 5) 24-pin I/O ROM (part 1341-0290) Software: 4 Office System micro diskettes, LisaGuide, and Applications micro diskettes Detailed descriptions of the Lisa 2 hardware upgrade procedure are given in the service procedures binder update for Lisa 2. Those procedures should be used to perform the upgrade. The process is also described below, referencing section H, "Service)" of the original Owners Guide that carne with the Lisa. The only tools required are a screwdriver for rerroval of socketed PROMs, and small wire cutters. Diagrams to supplement the Owners Guide material are given at the end of this document. 1) Remove the disk drive assembly by following the instructions on page Hi through H5 of the Lisa Owner's Guide. 2) See figure 1 at the end of this document. The disk drive cables coming from the Lisa are already fastened to the fioor or the drive compartment one on top of the oth…